RGB阵列式荧光传感技术用于检测高原湖泊中多种重金属离子

众所周知,重金属离子难在自然界中降解,一定量的重金属离子会在生物体中发生富集,严重威胁生命体健康。云南省拥有丰富的高原湖泊淡水资源,开展对高原湖泊重金属污染的研究,有助于深入了解高原湖泊重金属污染的现状,为其治理提供依据。荧光探针在重金属离子检测方面具有灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简单等优点。本新创实验将合成三种不同荧光发射的纳米材料:碳点(CDs,蓝色)、量子点(CdTeQDs,绿色)、金纳米簇(AuNCs,红色)。在96孔板中,分别加入以上三种荧光纳米探针以及CDs和Au NCs的混合式比率型探针,形成5×12的阵列形式,通过荧光猝灭及比率荧光的方式实现对高原湖泊水样中Pb^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Hg^(2+)的检测。本实验还在紫外灯下,借助智能手机APP——ColorimeterX读取溶液的R、G、B值,基于此可实现金属离子的便捷式检测。本新创实验仪器小型化、高通量检测、视觉效果好,在应用于高校综合性实验开展方面,可解决部分高校实验仪器短缺、本科实验枯燥、与科研前沿相脱轨的问题。

Modification and application of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanozymes in analytical chemistry:A review

In recent years,Fe_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials have received much attention in analytical chemistry due to their excellent magnetic and peroxidase-like activity.As the catalytic characteristics of Fe_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials is similar to those of horseradish peroxidase(HRP),Fe_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials are also used as peroxidase mimics and have achieved a certain development in many fields based on latest research results.To improve the stability and catalytic ability of simple Fe_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials,various modification strategies of Fe_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials have been developed.The recent advances of these strategies have been presented and discussed.In addition,this paper introduces the application of Fe_(3)O_(4)nanozymes in the detection of food and industrial pollutants,as well as in the field of biosafety.

Nanoparticle accumulation in liver may induce resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy

Despite immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy has transformed cancer treatment,only 20.2%of these patients achieved a response.Understanding resistance mechanisms to ICB is important for the treatment of a wider population.In this work,we occasionally found that the silica nanoparticles(SiO_(2)NPs)accumulated in the liver can induce resistance to following ICB therapy to a subcutaneous tumor in mice.By analysis of T cells frequency,we uncovered that SiO_(2)NPs in the liver resulted in a siphoning of T cells from circulation to the liver by produced chemokines.In addition,liver immunosuppressive cells further inhibit the function and induce apoptosis of recruited T cells,leading to a systemic loss and reduced tumor infiltration of T cells,which contributes to poor responses to ICB therapy.However,such effect is not observed in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)NPs treated mice under the same conditions,likely due to their much lower immunogenicity in perturbing the liver immune microenvironment,indicating that cancer is not a local disease but an ecosystem that is linked to the distal environment.We further provide a new mechanism insight into ICB resistance induced by liver accumulation of nanoparticles.

Accuracy and capability of tri-ponderal mass index in assessing cardio-metabolic risk factors in Chinese children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years,compared with body mass index

Background:Tri-ponderal mass index(TMI)has been reported to be a more accurate estimate of body fat than body mass index(BMI).This study aims to compare the effectiveness of TMI and BMI in identifying hypertension,dyslipidemia,impaired fasting glucose(IFG),abdominal obesity,and clustered cardio-metabolic risk factors(CMRFs)in 3-to 17-year-old children.Methods:A total of 1587 children aged 3 to 17 years were included.Logistic regression was used to evaluate correlations between BMI and TMI.Area under the curves(AUCs)were used to compare discriminative capability among indicators.BMI was converted to BMI-z scores,and accuracy was compared by false-positive rate,false-negative rate,and total misclassification rate.Results:Among children aged 3 to 17 years,the mean TMI was 13.57±2.50 kg/m 3 for boys and 13.3±2.33 kg/m 3 for girls.Odds ratios(ORs)of TMI for hypertension,dyslipidemia,abdominal obesity,and clustered CMRFs ranged from 1.13 to 3.15,higher than BMI,whose ORs ranged from 1.08 to 2.98.AUCs showed similar ability of TMI(AUC:0.83)and BMI(AUC:0.85)in identifying clustered CMRFs.For abdominal obesity and hypertension,the AUC of TMI was 0.92 and 0.64,respectively,which was significantly better than that of BMI,0.85 and 0.61.AUCs of TMI for dyslipidemia and IFG were 0.58 and 0.49.When 85th and 95th of TMI were set as thresholds,total misclassification rates of TMI for clustered CMRFs ranged from 6.5%to 16.4%,which was not significantly different from that of BMI-z scores standardized according to World Health Organization criteria.Conclusions:TMI was found to have equal or even better effectiveness in comparison with BMI in identifying hypertension,abdominal obesity,and clustered CMRFs TMI was more stable than BMI in 3-to 17-year-old children,while it failed to identify dyslipidemia and IFG.It is worth considering the use of TMI for screening CMRFs in children and adolescents.

OCT4’s role and mechanism underlying oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),a common malignancy of the head and neck,ranks sixth worldwide in terms of cancers with the most negative impact,owing to tumor relapse rates,cervical lymphnode metastasis,and the lack of an efficacious systemic therapy.Its prognosis is poor,and its mortality rate is high.Octamer-binding transcription factor 4(OCT4)is a member of the Pit-Oct-Unc(POU)family and is a key reprogramming factor that produces a marked effect in preserving the pluripotency and self-renewal state of embryonic stem cells(ESCs).According to recent studies,OCT4 participates in retaining the survival of OSCC cancer stem cells(CSCs),which has far-reaching implications for the occurrence,recurrence,metastasis,and prognosis of oral carcinogenesis.Therefore,we summarize the structure,subtypes,and function of OCT4 as well as its role in the occurrence,progression,and prognosis of OSCC.