A multilayer network diffusion-based model for reviewer recommendation

With the rapid growth of manuscript submissions,finding eligible reviewers for every submission has become a heavy task.Recommender systems are powerful tools developed in computer science and information science to deal with this problem.However,most existing approaches resort to text mining techniques to match manuscripts with potential reviewers,which require high-quality textual information to perform well.In this paper,we propose a reviewer recommendation algorithm based on a network diffusion process on a scholar-paper multilayer network,with no requirement for textual information.The network incorporates the relationship of scholar-paper pairs,the collaboration among scholars,and the bibliographic coupling among papers.Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms other state-of-the-art recommendation methods that use graph random walk and matrix factorization and methods that use machine learning and natural language processing,with improvements of over 7.62%in recall,5.66%in hit rate,and 47.53%in ranking score.Our work sheds light on the effectiveness of multilayer network diffusion-based methods in the reviewer recommendation problem,which will help to facilitate the peer-review process and promote information retrieval research in other practical scenes.

Plastid RNA editing reduction accompanied with genetic variations in Cymbidium,a genus with diverse lifestyle modes

Recent sequencing efforts have broadly uncovered the evolutionary trajectory of plastid genomes(plastomes)of flowering plants in diverse habitats,yet our knowledge of the evolution of plastid posttranscriptional modifications is limited.In this study,we generated 11 complete plastomes and performed ultra-deep transcriptome sequencing to investigate the co-evolution of plastid RNA editing and genetic variation in Cymbidium,a genus with diverse trophic lifestyles.Genome size and gene content is reduced in terrestrial and green mycoheterotrophic orchids relative to their epiphytic relatives.This could be partly due to extensive losses and pseudogenization of ndh genes for the plastid NADH dehydrogenase-like complex,but independent pseudogenization of ndh genes has also occurred in the epiphyte C.mannii,which was reported to use strong crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis.RNA editing sites are abundant but variable in number among Cymbidium plastomes.The nearly twofold variation in editing abundance is mainly due to extensive reduction of ancestral editing sites in ndh transcripts of terrestrial,mycoheterotrophic,and C.mannii plastomes.The co-occurrence of editing reduction and pseudogenization in ndh genes suggests functional constraints on editing machinery may be relaxed,leading to nonrandom loss of ancestral edited sites via reduced editing efficiency.This study represents the first systematic examination of RNA editing evolution linked to plastid genome variation in a single genus.We also propose an explanation for how genomic and posttranscriptional variations might be affected by lifestyle-associated ecological adaptation strategies in Cymbidium.

光催化还原杂环化共价有机框架构筑富电子吸附剂实现碘的理想吸附

碘的理想吸附剂通常需要具有两个特征,即高的吸附容量和快的吸附速率,但是这项课题仍然富有挑战性.本文通过构筑杂环化共价有机框架,阐述了一种有效构筑理想碘吸附剂的方法.这种杂环化基于一种后修饰的方式,采用了一种原位光催化双键与邻氨基苯甲酰胺成环的技术.基于该方法得到的材料ECUT-COF-13具有高的碘吸附容量(10.81 g g^(-1),高于所有报道的碘吸附材料)和吸附速率(1.4 g h^(-1),高于所有报导的二维共价有机框架材料).该材料优异的碘吸附性能是基于一种富电子机理,这种富电子状态主要来源于光催化还原杂环化共价有机框架(同时提高了网格的共轭性和氮含量).该研究成果不仅提供了一种构筑功能共价有机框架的新路径,同时提供了一种构筑富电子共价有机框架结构的通用策略.

High-quality Cymbidium mannii genome and multifaceted regulation of crassulacean acid metabolism in epiphytes

Epiphytes with crassulacean acid metabolism(CAM)photosynthesis are widespread among vascular plants,and repeated evolution of CAM photosynthesis is a key innovation for micro-ecosystem adaptation.However,we lack a complete understanding of the molecular regulation of CAM photosynthesis in epiphytes.Here,we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of a CAM epiphyte,Cymbidium mannii(Orchidaceae).The 2.88-Gb orchid genome with a contig N50 of 22.7 Mb and 27192 annotated genes was organized into 20 pseudochromosomes,82.8%of which consisted of repetitive elements.Recent expansions of long terminal repeat retrotransposon families have made a major contribution to the evolution of genome size in Cymbidium orchids.We reveal a holistic scenario of molecular regulation of metabolic physiology using high-resolution transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics data collected across a CAM diel cycle.Patterns of rhythmically oscillating metabolites,especially CAM-related products,reveal circadian rhythmicity in metabolite accumulation in epiphytes.Genomewide analysis of transcript and protein level regulation revealed phase shifts during the multifaceted regulation of circadian metabolism.Notably,we observed diurnal expression of several core CAM genes(especially bCA and PPC)that may be involved in temporal fixation of carbon sources.Our study provides a valuable resource for investigating post-transcription and translation scenarios in C.mannii,an Orchidaceae model for understanding the evolution of innovative traits in epiphytes.

绽放与成长:为儿童设计的本土植物绘本与学习游戏

“本土植物的儿童读物和学习游戏”是2023年美国景观设计师协会学生项目的获奖作品,它在美国住宅景观同质化的背景下,探索了普及本土植物价值和种植方法的路径。儿童如果能在其早期教育中获得本土植物相关的知识,便可能影响家中的成年人,并在未来带动环境的改变。来自美国普渡大学景观设计专业的5名学生共同为印第安纳州的本土植物创作了儿童绘本,旨在向儿童读者传达景观设计专业高等教育中一直强调的两个要点——本土植物的重要性,以及适地适栽的种植原则。将这些知识以绘本和游戏的形式融入儿童的早期教育中,可以帮助他们更好地掌握本土植物知识,鼓励他们在家庭花园中更多选用本土植物并采用适当的可持续种植方式,进而促进更大的生态系统和栖息地环境发生转变。精心设计的绘本和游戏不仅可以让儿童切身参与景观设计过程,更能够向他们传播生物多样性、栖息地和生态系统概念。正如获奖评语所言,这个项目创造性地将知识系统与实际应用相结合,既能传播思想,又能潜移默化地育人。

The S190R mutation in the hemagglutinin protein of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus increased its pathogenicity in mice

Human influenza viruses preferentially bind to sialic acid-α2,6-galactose (SAα2,6Gal) receptors, which are predominant in human upper respiratory epithelia, whereas avian influenza viruses preferentially bind to SAα2,3Gal receptors. However, variants with amino acid substitutions around the receptor-binding sites of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein can be selected after several passages of human influenza viruses from patients’ respiratory samples in the allantoic cavities of embryonated chicken eggs. In this study, we detected an egg-adapted HA S190R mutation in the pandemic H1N1 virus 2009 (pdmH1N1), and evaluated the effects of this mutation on receptor binding affinity and pathogenicity in mice. Our results revealed that residue 190 is located within the pocket structure of the receptor binding site. The single mutation to arginine at position 190 slightly increased the binding affinity of the virus to the avian receptor and decreased its binding to the long human α2,6-linked sialic acid receptor. Our study demonstrated that the S190R mutation resulted in earlier death and higher weight loss in mice compared with the wild-type virus. Higher viral titers at 1 dpi (days post infection) and diffuse damage at 4 dpi were observed in the lung tissues of mice infected with the mutant virus.

A Detected Case of Avian Influenza H9N2 from Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance--Hunan Province, 2020

Jishou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Jishou CDC)received a phone call at 7:30 a.m.on April 24,2020 from Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefectural CDC(Xiangxi CDC)that avian influenza A/H9N2 virus was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)from the throat swab sample of an influenza-like illness in an outpatient in the Xiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.