人工智能时代的工商管理研究现状与未来

依据“基于人工智能技术的工商管理发展”学术研讨会,本文结合相关研究前沿问题和国家重大需求,系统总结了当前工商管理关于人工智能研究的现状、机遇与挑战。总体来看,当前研究主要将人工智能技术作为研究工具、方法或情景,将人工智能作为研究对象构建新创理论的实证研究相对不足,面临理论发展滞后、研究方法不足、研究路径单一、跨学科整合不足以及对相关伦理问题重视度不够等五大挑战。在此基础上,利用Web of Science全面检索并梳理了2022年1月至2024年3月间与人工智能主题直接相关的工商管理期刊论文225篇,归纳了当前工商管理学科各个细分方向研究的主要进展,凝练了面向人工智能的组织结构与设计、组织能力演化、组织行为与人力资源管理变革、人机协同、数字营销、金融财会风险监管、信息系统、管理哲学与文化等八大方面的关键科学问题,指出了我国工商管理学科在人工智能时代的发展目标与研究方向。

Cornus officinalis with high pressure wine steaming enhanced anti-hepatic fibrosis: Possible through SIRT3-AMPK axis

Cornus officinalis,a medicinal and edible plant known for its liver-nourishing properties,has shown promise in inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs),crucial indicators of hepatic fibrosis,especially when processed by high pressure wine steaming(HPWS).Herein,this study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of cornus officinalis,both in its raw and HPWS forms,on inflammation and apoptosis in liver fibrosis and their underlying mechanisms.In vivo liver fibrosis models were established by subcutaneous injection of CCl4,while in vitro HSCs were exposed to transforming growth factor-b(TGF-b).These findings demonstrated that cornus officinalis with HPWS conspicuously ameliorated histopathological injury,reduced the release of proinflammatory factors,and decreased collagen deposition in CCl4-induced rats compared to its raw form.Utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer(UHPLC-QTOF-MS)combined with network analysis,we identified that the pharmacological effects of the changed components of cornus officinalis before and after HPWS,primarily centered on the adenosine phosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)pathway.Of note,cornus officinalis activated AMPK and sirtuin 3(SIRT3),promoting the apoptosis of activated HSCs through the caspase cascade by regulating caspase3,caspase6 and caspase9.small interfering RNA(siRNA)experiments showed that cornus officinalis could regulate AMPK activity and its mediated-apoptosis through SIRT3.In conclusion,cornus officinalis exhibited the ability to reduce inflammation and apoptosis,with the SIRT3-AMPK signaling pathway identified as a potential mechanism underlying the synergistic effect of cornus officinalis with HPWS on anti-liver fibrosis.

La_(2)FeMO_(6)双钙钛矿中的不对称氧空位用于促进氧活化和H2S选择性氧化

金属氧化物催化剂表面O_(2)分子的活化对于多相催化中氧化还原反应具有重要意义.硫化氢(H_(2)S)选择性氧化是一个典型的氧化反应,通常用于去除克劳斯工艺尾气中有害的H_(2)S,同时回收化工产品硫磺.受克劳斯反应的热力学限制,工艺尾气中仍有近1%的H_(2)S残留,在焚烧炉中会转化为有害的SO_(x),造成不必要的硫损失以及严重的环境问题.研究表明,氧分子活化解离产生的活性氧物种是H_(2)S选择氧化的关键活性物种.然而,受限于氧分子的低效活化,传统催化剂需提高反应温度以获得令人满意的H_(2)S转化率,这也促进了副反应的进行并生成有害副产物SO_(2).因此,迫切需要在较低温度下实现氧分子的高效活化以促进H_(2)S选择氧化反应的进行,从而最大限度地提高克劳斯工艺硫回收效率并降低运营成本.目前,大多数研究通过引入更多的氧空位促进氧分子的活化及氧化反应的进行,但很少有人考虑氧空位本身结构的影响.近年来,研究者更多地关注不对称氧/空位(M_(1)-O-M_(2)或M_(1)-VO-M_(2)),该特殊结构可以有效地优化氧分子的活化,提高催化性能.本文报道了一种简单的氧空位调控策略用于H_(2)S选择氧化,通过过渡金属(M=Mn,Co和Mo)取代策略在LaFeO_(3)钙钛矿催化剂中引入不对称氧空位,从而激发氧分子活化以促进H_(2)S选择氧化的进行.X射线粉末衍射、Raman光谱及透射电镜结果表明,Mn和Co的引入形成了均匀的La_(2)FeMO_(6)以及La_(2)FeCoO_(6)双钙钛矿相,而Mo的引入则形成了La_(2)Mo_(2)O_(9)和LaFeO_(3)钙钛矿的混相.X射线光电子能谱及M?ssbauerr谱结果表明,Mn取代形成的La_(2)FeMO_(6)双钙钛矿催化剂由于其结构中Mn与Fe的完全交替取代形成了丰富的不对称Fe-VO-Mn位点,结合H_(2)程序升温还原及O_(2)程序升温解吸结果,可以推断不对称空位促进了催化剂上氧分子的活化,进而提高了催化剂的氧迁移率和还原性.模拟计算了氧分子在LaFeO_(3)及La_(2)FeMO_(6)催化剂上的吸附及解离过程,结果表明,氧分子在对称的Fe-VO-Fe位点上具有较高的吸附能及解离能,在不对称的Fe-VO-Mn位点上不存在稳定的吸附态,倾向于直接解离形成活性氧物种.具有丰富不对称Fe-VO-Mn位点的La_(2)FeMO_(6)催化剂的H_(2)S选择氧化低温活性和稳定性显著提高,在较宽的温度窗口内均可保持较好的H_(2)S转化率(>90%)与硫选择性(接近100%).综上,本文通过取代策略实现了对催化剂氧空位结构的调控,揭示了不对称氧空位对氧分子活化行为的促进机制.研究结果不仅为合理设计高效氧化催化剂探明了一条可行的途径,还对氧分子活化过程中氧空位结构的促进机制提供了深入的见解,有望激发更多关于开发氧化还原反应高效催化材料的研究.

Real-Time Detection and Instance Segmentation of Strawberry in Unstructured Environment

The real-time detection and instance segmentation of strawberries constitute fundamental components in the development of strawberry harvesting robots.Real-time identification of strawberries in an unstructured envi-ronment is a challenging task.Current instance segmentation algorithms for strawberries suffer from issues such as poor real-time performance and low accuracy.To this end,the present study proposes an Efficient YOLACT(E-YOLACT)algorithm for strawberry detection and segmentation based on the YOLACT framework.The key enhancements of the E-YOLACT encompass the development of a lightweight attention mechanism,pyramid squeeze shuffle attention(PSSA),for efficient feature extraction.Additionally,an attention-guided context-feature pyramid network(AC-FPN)is employed instead of FPN to optimize the architecture’s performance.Furthermore,a feature-enhanced model(FEM)is introduced to enhance the prediction head’s capabilities,while efficient fast non-maximum suppression(EF-NMS)is devised to improve non-maximum suppression.The experimental results demonstrate that the E-YOLACT achieves a Box-mAP and Mask-mAP of 77.9 and 76.6,respectively,on the custom dataset.Moreover,it exhibits an impressive category accuracy of 93.5%.Notably,the E-YOLACT also demonstrates a remarkable real-time detection capability with a speed of 34.8 FPS.The method proposed in this article presents an efficient approach for the vision system of a strawberry-picking robot.

Associations of Perchlorate,Nitrate,and Thiocyanate with Sex Hormones among Children:A Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study in U.S.

Nitrates,thiocyanates,and perchlorates are ubiquitous in the environment and can be introduced to the public through various dietary and environmental sources.Nitrates,thiocyanates,and perchlorates mainly affect health via the same mechanism.These toxins may act as endocrine disrupters and can result in decreased levels of thyroid hormones^([1]).

Selection of New Energy Development Models in Rural Jilin Province under Different Situations

Jilin Province’s vast rural areas are endowed with abundant new energy resources,which provide a fundamental condition for the development of new energy in rural Jilin.This paper will explore the various possibilities of new energy development in rural Jilin under the background of grid infrastructure construction,the deepening of electricity market reform,the modernization of agriculture and rural areas,and the transformation of energy.It will draw conclusions on the reasonable development models of new energy in rural Jilin under different scenarios,providing a reference for the development of new energy in rural Jilin and rural revitalization.

The complete reference genome for grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) genetics and breeding

Grapevine is one of the most economically important crops worldwide.However,the previous versions of the grapevine reference genome tipically consist of thousands of fragments with missing centromeres and telomeres,limiting the accessibility of the repetitive sequences,the centromeric and telomeric regions,and the study of inheritance of important agronomic traits in these regions.Here,we assembled a telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free reference genome for the cultivar PN40024 using PacBio HiFi long reads.The T2T reference genome(PN_T2T)is 69 Mb longer with 9018 more genes identified than the 12X.v0 version.We annotated 67%repetitive sequences,19 centromeres and 36 telomeres,and incorporated gene annotations of previous versions into the PN_T2T assembly.We detected a total of 377 gene clusters,which showed associations with complex traits,such as aroma and disease resistance.Even though PN40024 derives from nine generations of selfing,we still found nine genomic hotspots of heterozygous sites associated with biological processes,such as the oxidation–reduction process and protein phosphorylation.The fully annotated complete reference genome therefore constitutes an important resource for grapevine genetic studies and breeding programs.

An Efficient Method for Identifying Lower Limb Behavior Intentions Based on Surface Electromyography

Surface electromyography(sEMG)is widely used for analyzing and controlling lower limb assisted exoskeleton robots.Behavior intention recognition based on sEMG is of great significance for achieving intelligent prosthetic and exoskeleton control.Achieving highly efficient recognition while improving performance has always been a significant challenge.To address this,we propose an sEMG-based method called Enhanced Residual Gate Network(ERGN)for lower-limb behavioral intention recognition.The proposed network combines an attention mechanism and a hard threshold function,while combining the advantages of residual structure,which maps sEMG of multiple acquisition channels to the lower limb motion states.Firstly,continuous wavelet transform(CWT)is used to extract signals features from the collected sEMG data.Then,a hard threshold function serves as the gate function to enhance signals quality,with an attention mechanism incorporated to improve the ERGN’s performance further.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ERGN achieves extremely high accuracy and efficiency,with an average recognition accuracy of 98.41%and an average recognition time of only 20 ms-outperforming the state-of-the-art research significantly.Our research provides support for the application of lower limb assisted exoskeleton robots.

一例PYGM基因复合杂合突变导致糖原累积症Ⅴ型的诊断和基因检测分析

糖原累积症Ⅴ型是一种由肌糖原磷酸化酶(muscle glycogen phosphorylase,PYGM)缺陷引起的常染色体隐性遗传疾病,其临床特征为运动不耐受、再振作现象和血清肌酸激酶水平增高。本文报道了1例中国糖原累积症Ⅴ型年轻男性患者,运动后双下肢无力、血肌酸激酶升高、肌肉磁共振可见下肢近端后群肌轻度脂肪浸润,基因检测结果显示先证者具有复合杂合型PYGM致病突变,分别为来自母亲的c.308T>C (p.L103P)变异和来自父亲的c.260_261delCT (p.S87Ffs*23)变异,其中前者为新发突变。本研究丰富了PYGM致病基因突变谱,有助于提高临床医生对糖原累积症Ⅴ型的认识,并为该疾病的进一步遗传学研究提供参考。

近朱者赤,近墨者黑?同伴对青少年非认知能力的影响——基于CEPS数据的实证分析

基于中国教育追踪调查数据,采用回归分析的方法,探究同伴对青少年非认知能力的影响。用大五人格框架下的外倾性、宜人性、神经质、开放性与尽责性来衡量非认知能力。研究发现:良好同伴的比例更高(即好朋友多数都学习努力刻苦或想上大学)会对青少年的尽责性、宜人性、外倾性和开放性产生显著的正向影响,并能显著降低青少年的神经质水平。相反,不良同伴的比例更高(即好朋友多数都逃课、经常上网吧、早恋)会对青少年的非认知能力发展产生不利影响。进一步,还发现同伴表现的优化会对青少年的非认知能力发展产生有利影响,反之则产生阻碍作用。因此,家长和学校应把握学生非认知能力发展的重要时期,重视交友管理的作用,引导青少年正确交友。

Experimental and Numerical Studies of the Wave-Induced Responses of a River-to-Sea Ship

The ship motions and wave-induced loads of a new type of river-to-sea ship are investigated experimentally and numerically. A river-to-sea ship is an unconventional type of container ship characterized by high breadth to draft ratio and low length to breadth ratio, which makes it more prone to hydroelasticity than conventional ships of the same size. A segmented model was tested under two loading conditions, namely, ballast and loaded conditions, to determine the vertical motions and wave-induced loads under each condition. Results are compared with numerical simulations in the frequency domain. The wave-induced responses are calculated by a nonlinear time domain code at each time step. The response amplitude operators of vertical ship responses in regular waves are analyzed, and the wave-induced responses are consistent with the experimental results.

A Review on the Protection Mechanism of Trehalose on Plant Tissues and Animal Cells

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide composed of glucose molecules connected byα-glycosidic bond.This soluble substance plays an important role of protecting green algae and other lower plants from stress.It can help plants cope with extreme environments such as severe cold,drought and high salinity,regulate the stomatal conductance and water utilization rate of plants,and participate in the growth and metabolism regulation of plants as a signal molecule.As an impermeable cryoprotectant,trehalose is widely used in the refrigeration protection of various animal cells and tissues due to its non-toxicity and high efficiency.According to the research results at home and abroad in recent years,the protection,regulation and mechanism of trehalose on plant tissues and animal cells were summarized,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of trehalose.

Stage-specific appearance of cytoplasmic microtubules around the surviving nuclei during the third prezygotic division of Paramecium

There are six micronuclear divisions during conjugation of Paramecium caudatum:three prezygotic and three postzygotic divisions.Four haploid nuclei are formed during the first two meiotic prezygotic divisions.Usually only one meiotic product is located in the paroral cone(PC)region at the completion of meiosis,which survives and divides mitotically to complete the third prezygotic division to yield a stationary and a migratory pronucleus.The remaining three located outside of the PC degenerate.The migratory pronuclei are then exchanged between two conjugants and fuse with the stationary pronuclei to form synkarya,which undergo three successive divisions(postzygotic divisions).However,little is known about the surviving mechanism of the PC nuclei.In the current study,stage-specific appearance of cytoplasmic microtubules(cMTs)was indicated during the third prezygotic division by immunofluorescence labeling with anti-alpha tubulin antibodies surrounding the surviving nuclei,including the PC nuclei and the two types of prospective pronuclei.This suggested that cMTs were involved in the formation of a physical barrier,whose function may relate to sequestering and protecting the surviving nuclei from the major cytoplasm,where degeneration of extra-meiotic products occurs,another important nuclear event during the third prezygotic division.

Stage-specific appearance of cytoplasmic microtubules around the surviving nuclei during the third prezygotic division of Paramecium

There are six micronuclear divisions during conjugation of Paramecium caudatum： three prezygotic and three postzygotic divisions. Four haploid nuclei are formed during the first two meiotic prezygotic divisions. Usually only one meiotic product is located in the paroral cone （PC） region at the completion of meiosis, which survives and divides mitotically to complete the third prezygotic division to yield a stationary and a migratory pronucleus. The remaining three located outside of the PC degenerate. The migratory pronuclei are then exchanged between two conjugants and fuse with the stationary pronuclei to form synkarya, which undergo three successive divisions （postzygotic divisions）. However, little is known about the surviving mechanism of the PC nuclei. In the current study, stage-specific appearance of cytoplasmic microtubules （cMTs） was indicated during the third prezygotic division by immunofluorescence labeling with anti-alpha tubulin antibodies surrounding the surviving nuclei, including the PC nuclei and the two types of prospective pronuclei. This suggested that cMTs were involved in the formation of a physical barrier, whose function may relate to sequestering and protecting the surviving nuclei from the major cytoplasm, where degeneration of extra-meiotic products occurs, another important nuclear event during the third prezygotic division.

Elastic electron scattering with formamide-(H_(2)O)_(n) complexes(n=1,2):Influence of microsolvation on the π^(*) and σ^(*) resonances

We report elastic cross sections for low-energy electron scattering with formamide-(H_(2)O)n complexes(n=1,2)in the energy region of 0.01-8 eV.The scattering calculations are performed using the R-matrix method in the static-exchange(SE)approximation.We consider three structures of formamide-H_(2)O and six structures of formamide-(H_(2)O)_(2)in the present work.Our purpose is to investigate effects of water molecules hydrogen-bonding to formamide.We focus on the influence of microsolvation on theπ*andσ*resonances of formamide.The scattering result for complexes shows that the position ofπ*resonance appears at lower or higher energies in the cluster than in the isolated formamide depending on the complex structure and the water role in the hydrogen bonding.We explain this behavior according to the net charge of the solute.It is found that the microsolvation environment has a substantial effect on the width ofπ*resonance.Our results indicate that surrounding water molecules may affect the lifetime of the resonances,and hence the process is driven by the anion state,such as the dissociative electron attachment.

Protection of Compatibility of Saikosapon d and Baicalin on Carbon Tetrachloride Injured L-02 Cells Based on TLR4-NFκB Signaling Pathway

[Objectives] To study the protection of compatibility of Saikosapon d and Baicalin on carbon tetrachloride( CCl_4) injured L-02 cells. [Methods] Normal human hepatocyte cell line L-02 cells were cultured in vitro,and CCl_4 was used to induce hepatocellular injury. Interventions were carried out with Saikosaponin d and Baicalin at different dosage. The proliferation of L-02 cells in each group was determined by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium( MTT) assay; the levels of AST and ALT in the culture supernatants were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA); the expressions of TLR4 and NFκBp65 proteins in each group were determined by immunohistochemistry.[Results] In the CCl_4 injured group,the proliferation of L-02 cells was significantly declined,the levels of AST and ALT in cell culture medium were significantly increased,and the expressions of TLR4 and NFκBp65 in L-02 cells were increased; after the intervention of Saikosaponin d and Baicalin,1. 75 μg/mL group and 1. 5 μg/mL group had an effect of promoting the proliferation of L-02 cells and could reduce the levels of AST and ALT in the cell culture medium,and TLR4 and NFκBp65 proteins in L-02 cells also had a certain inhibitory effect. [Conclusions] The compatibility of Saikosapon d and Baicalin has a certain protective effect on CCl_4 injured L-02 cells. The protection mechanism may be related with its down-regulating TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway and reducing the inflammation.

Research and Practice of Traffic Lights and Traffic Signs Recognition System Based on Multicore of FPGA

This thesis will present the research and practice of traffic lights and traffic signs recognition system based on multicore of FPGA. This system consists of four parts as following: the collection of dynamic images, the preprocessing of gray value, the detection of the edges and the patterning and the judgment of the pattern matching. The multiple cores system is consist of three cores. Each core parallels processes the incoming images from camera collection in terms of different colors and graphic elements. The image data read in from the camera works as the sharing data of the three cores.

Evolutionary genomics of climatic adaptation and resilience to climate change in alfalfa

Given the escalating impact of climate change on agriculture and food security,gaining insights into the evolutionary dynamics of climatic adaptation and uncovering climate-adapted variation can empower the breeding of climate-resilient crops to face future climate change.Alfalfa(Medicago sativa subsp.sativa),the queen of forages,shows remarkable adaptability across diverse global environments,making it an excellent model for investigating species responses to climate change.In this study,we performed population genomic analyses using genome resequencing data from 702 accessions of 24 Medicago species to unravel alfalfa’s climatic adaptation and genetic susceptibility to future climate change.We found that interspecific genetic exchange has contributed to the gene pool of alfalfa,particularly enriching defense and stress-response genes.Intersubspecific introgression between M.sativa subsp.falcata(subsp.falcata)and alfalfa not only aids alfalfa’s climatic adaptation but also introduces genetic burden.A total of 1671 genes were associated with climatic adaptation,and 5.7%of them were introgressions from subsp.falcata.By integrating climate-associated variants and climate data,we identified populations that are vulnerable to future climate change,particularly in higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.These findings serve as a clarion call for targeted conservation initiatives and breeding efforts.We also identified preadaptive populations that demonstrate heightened resilience to climate fluctuations,illuminating a pathway for future breeding strategies.Collectively,this study enhances our understanding about the local adaptation mechanisms of alfalfa and facilitates the breeding of climate-resilient alfalfa cultivars,contributing to effective agricultural strategies for facing future climate change.

Single Fe atom-anchored manganese dioxide for efficient removal of volatile organic compounds in refrigerator

The efficient and rapid removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)holds significant importance for ensuring food quality and human health,particularly within the low-temperature confined spaces in refrigerators.However,achieving effective VOCs degradation under such conditions poses challenges in terms of activating inert bonds and facilitating mass transfer.In this study,we propose a novel solution by designing a cleaner module that incorporates 1.07%single Fe atom-anchored manganese dioxide catalysts(FeSAs-MnO_(2)).The combination of single Fe atoms and defect-rich MnO_(2) substrate efficiently activates molecular oxygen,leading to enhanced generation of highly reactive oxygen species(ROS).Non-thermal plasma(NTP)and circulating fan are introduced to facilitate the regeneration of catalytic activity and improve mass transfer.The FeSAs-MnO_(2) cleaner module demonstrates exceptional performance in trimethylamine(TMA)removal,achieving a conversion efficiency of 98.9%for 9 ppm within just 9 min.Furthermore,accelerated aging tests predict an extended service life of up to 45 years for the FeSAs-MnO_(2) cleaner module,surpassing the expected lifespan of refrigerators significantly.

Boosting the zinc storage performance of vanadium dioxide by integrated morphology engineering and carbon nanotube conductive networks

Vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)) with the advantages of high theoretical capacity and tunnel structure has attracted considerable promising candidates for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.Nevertheless,the intrinsic low electronic conductivity of VO_(2) results in an unsatisfactory electrochemical performance.Herein,a flower-like VO_(2)/carbon nanotubes(CNTs)composite was obtained by a facile hydrothermal method.The unique flower-like morphology shortens the ion transport length and facilitates electrolyte infiltration.Meanwhile,the CNT conductive networks is in favor of fast electron transfer.A highly reversible zinc storage mechanism was revealed by ex-situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.As a result,the VO_(2)/CNTs cathode exhibits a high reversible capacity(410 mAh·g^(−1)),superior rate performance(305 mAh·g^(−1)at 5 A·g^(−1)),and excellent cycling stability(a reversible capacity of 221 mAh·g^(−1)was maintained even after 2000 cycles).This work provides a guide for the design of high-performance cathode materials for aqueous zinc metal batteries.