抗体偶联药物(antibody drug conjugates,ADCs)是一类将特异性单克隆抗体与细胞毒性药物通过接头偶联形成的新型抗肿瘤药物,不仅在乳腺癌、血液系统肿瘤等多个癌种中取得了显著效果,在肺癌中也初见成效。本文通过对ADC的作用原理,在肺...抗体偶联药物(antibody drug conjugates,ADCs)是一类将特异性单克隆抗体与细胞毒性药物通过接头偶联形成的新型抗肿瘤药物,不仅在乳腺癌、血液系统肿瘤等多个癌种中取得了显著效果,在肺癌中也初见成效。本文通过对ADC的作用原理,在肺癌中的应用,以及面临的问题和挑战等方面进行概述,希望能够给临床工作一些参考。展开更多
Few multicity studies have examined the acute effects of nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))on respiratory disease(RD),especially its specific causes.This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term exposure t...Few multicity studies have examined the acute effects of nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))on respiratory disease(RD),especially its specific causes.This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term exposure to NO_(2)and hospitalization of full-spectrum RDs in China.Hospitalization of 10 major categories and 40 cause-specific RDs were obtained from 20 provinces over the study period of 2013−2020.A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted at the individual level to explore the associations between NO_(2)and RDs.NO_(2)was significantly associated with increased hospitalization of eight major RDs(acute upper respiratory infections,influenza and pneumonia,acute lower respiratory infections,upper respiratory tract diseases,chronic lower respiratory diseases,respiratory interstitium diseases,pleura diseases,and other respiratory diseases)and 18 specific causes of RDs,with the largest associations observed on lag 0−1 day.The effect estimates ranged from 0.75 to 4.09%per 10μg/m^(3)of NO_(2)exposure.The associations remained robust after controlling for copollutants.The concentration−response curves were mostly positive and linear.This nationwide study provides comprehensive information on the acute effects of NO_(2)on respiratory morbidity across the full spectrum,highlighting the need for caution with regard to this important traffic-related air pollutant in current pollution control programs.展开更多
Preterm birth(PTB)is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide[1].Since maternal and fetal health protection has been included in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,identification of...Preterm birth(PTB)is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide[1].Since maternal and fetal health protection has been included in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,identification of modifiable risk factors for PTB is particularly crucial.The Global Burden of Disease(GBD)Study 2019 recognized fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution as a risk factor for decreased gestational age and low birth weight.展开更多
Few national studies have systemically examined the effects of criteria air pollutants on cardiovascular morbidity.This study aimed to investigate the associations between all criteria air pollutants and hospitalizati...Few national studies have systemically examined the effects of criteria air pollutants on cardiovascular morbidity.This study aimed to investigate the associations between all criteria air pollutants and hospitalization of causespecific cardiovascular diseases(CVD)in China.We obtained data on CVD hospitalization events of four major categories and 12 specific diseases from 153 hospitals distributed in 20 provincial-level regions from 2013 to 2020.We adopted a time-stratified case-crossover study design using individual cases to capture the effect of short-term exposure to six criteria air pollutants on CVD hospitalizations,using conditional logistic regression models.More than 1.1 million CVD hospitalization events were included.The lag pattern exploration demonstrated the largest effect for six air pollutants on lag 0–1 day.PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2),and CO were significantly associated with increased hospitalization from ischemic heart diseases,cerebrovascular diseases,other heart diseases,and five specific causes of CVD.The effect estimates of NO_(2)were the most robust when adjusting for copollutants.The concentration-response curves were positive and linear for most pollutant–endpoint pairs(except for O_(3)),and these positive associations remained even below the 24-h levels recommended by WHO Air Quality Guidelines and China Air Quality Standards.This nationwide case-crossover study in China demonstrated that short-term exposure to multiple ambient air pollutants may significantly increase the risk of cause-specific CVD hospitalizations even under the most stringent air quality regulations,striking an alert for potential CVD patients against these environmental risk factors.展开更多
文摘抗体偶联药物(antibody drug conjugates,ADCs)是一类将特异性单克隆抗体与细胞毒性药物通过接头偶联形成的新型抗肿瘤药物,不仅在乳腺癌、血液系统肿瘤等多个癌种中取得了显著效果,在肺癌中也初见成效。本文通过对ADC的作用原理,在肺癌中的应用,以及面临的问题和挑战等方面进行概述,希望能够给临床工作一些参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92043301,82103790)the Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project(Grant No.21230780200).
文摘Few multicity studies have examined the acute effects of nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))on respiratory disease(RD),especially its specific causes.This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term exposure to NO_(2)and hospitalization of full-spectrum RDs in China.Hospitalization of 10 major categories and 40 cause-specific RDs were obtained from 20 provinces over the study period of 2013−2020.A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted at the individual level to explore the associations between NO_(2)and RDs.NO_(2)was significantly associated with increased hospitalization of eight major RDs(acute upper respiratory infections,influenza and pneumonia,acute lower respiratory infections,upper respiratory tract diseases,chronic lower respiratory diseases,respiratory interstitium diseases,pleura diseases,and other respiratory diseases)and 18 specific causes of RDs,with the largest associations observed on lag 0−1 day.The effect estimates ranged from 0.75 to 4.09%per 10μg/m^(3)of NO_(2)exposure.The associations remained robust after controlling for copollutants.The concentration−response curves were mostly positive and linear.This nationwide study provides comprehensive information on the acute effects of NO_(2)on respiratory morbidity across the full spectrum,highlighting the need for caution with regard to this important traffic-related air pollutant in current pollution control programs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1000102,2016YFC1000307,and 2016YFC0206202)National Natural Science Foundation of China(91543114)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20ZR1402900)a grant from State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System。
文摘Preterm birth(PTB)is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide[1].Since maternal and fetal health protection has been included in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,identification of modifiable risk factors for PTB is particularly crucial.The Global Burden of Disease(GBD)Study 2019 recognized fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution as a risk factor for decreased gestational age and low birth weight.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 92043301 and 91843302)the Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project(grant number 21230780200).
文摘Few national studies have systemically examined the effects of criteria air pollutants on cardiovascular morbidity.This study aimed to investigate the associations between all criteria air pollutants and hospitalization of causespecific cardiovascular diseases(CVD)in China.We obtained data on CVD hospitalization events of four major categories and 12 specific diseases from 153 hospitals distributed in 20 provincial-level regions from 2013 to 2020.We adopted a time-stratified case-crossover study design using individual cases to capture the effect of short-term exposure to six criteria air pollutants on CVD hospitalizations,using conditional logistic regression models.More than 1.1 million CVD hospitalization events were included.The lag pattern exploration demonstrated the largest effect for six air pollutants on lag 0–1 day.PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2),and CO were significantly associated with increased hospitalization from ischemic heart diseases,cerebrovascular diseases,other heart diseases,and five specific causes of CVD.The effect estimates of NO_(2)were the most robust when adjusting for copollutants.The concentration-response curves were positive and linear for most pollutant–endpoint pairs(except for O_(3)),and these positive associations remained even below the 24-h levels recommended by WHO Air Quality Guidelines and China Air Quality Standards.This nationwide case-crossover study in China demonstrated that short-term exposure to multiple ambient air pollutants may significantly increase the risk of cause-specific CVD hospitalizations even under the most stringent air quality regulations,striking an alert for potential CVD patients against these environmental risk factors.