An Air‑Rechargeable Zn Battery Enabled by Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Cathode

Self-charging power systems collecting energy harvesting technology and batteries are attracting extensive attention.To solve the disadvantages of the traditional integrated system,such as highly dependent on energy supply and complex structure,an airrechargeable Zn battery based on MoS_(2)/PANI cathode is reported.Benefited from the excellent conductivity desolvation shield of PANI,the MoS_(2)/PANI cathode exhibits ultra-high capacity(304.98 mAh g^(−1) in N_(2) and 351.25 mAh g^(−1) in air).In particular,this battery has the ability to collect,convert and store energy simultaneously by an airrechargeable process of the spontaneous redox reaction between the discharged cathode and O2 from air.The air-rechargeable Zn batteries display a high open-circuit voltage(1.15 V),an unforgettable discharge capacity(316.09 mAh g^(−1) and the air-rechargeable depth is 89.99%)and good air-recharging stability(291.22 mAh g^(−1) after 50 air recharging/galvanostatic current discharge cycle).Most importantly,both our quasi-solid zinc ion batteries and batteries modules have excellent performance and practicability.This work will provide a promising research direction for the material design and device assembly of the next-generation self-powered system.

New Algorithm Rules Out Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure Development within 28 Days from Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis

Background and Aims:Approximately 10%of patients with acute decompensated(AD)cirrhosis develop acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)within 28 days.Such cases have high mortality and are difficult to predict.Therefore,we aimed to establish and validate an algorithm to identify these patients on hospitalization.Methods:Hospitalized patients with AD who developed ACLF within 28 days were considered pre-ACLF.Organ dysfunction was defined accord-ing to the chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure as-sessment(CLIF-SOFA)criteria,and proven bacterial infec-tion was taken to indicate immune system dysfunction.A retrospective multicenter cohort and prospective one were used to derive and to validate the potential algorithm,re-spectively.A miss rate of<5%was acceptable for the calcu-lating algorithm to rule out pre-ACLF.Results:In the deri-vation cohort(n=673),46 patients developed ACLF within 28 days.Serum total bilirubin,creatinine,international normalized ratio,and present proven bacterial infection at admission were associated with the development of ACLF.AD patients with≥2 organ dysfunctions had a higher risk for pre-ACLF patients[odds ratio=16.58195%confidence interval:(4.271-64.363),p<0.001].In the derivation co-hort,67.5%of patients(454/673)had≤1 organ dysfunction and two patients(0.4%)were pre-ACLF,with a miss rate of 4.3%(missed/total,2/46).In the validation cohort,65.9%of patients(914/1388)had≤1 organ dysfunction,and four(0.3%)of them were pre-ACLF,with a miss rate of 3.4%(missed/total,4/117).Conclusions:AD patients with≤1 organ dysfunction had a significantly lower risk of developing ACLF within 28 days of admission and could be safely ruled out with a pre-ACLF miss rate of<5%.

Investigation on the short-term outcome and prognostic impact of predisposition,and precipitants in inpatients with chronic liver disease from Chinese AcuTe on CHronic LIver FailurE(CATCH-LIFE)cohorts

Aim:The study aimed to investigate the short-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease(CLDs)and assess the prognostic impact of predisposition and precipitants,which currently remains unclear.Methods:The study included 3970 hospitalized patients with CLDs from two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies(NCT02457637 and NCT03641872)conducted in highly endemic hepatitis B virus(HBV)areas.Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate the effect of predispositions,including the etiology and severity of CLDs and precipitants;on sequential 28,90,and 365-day liver transplantation(LT)-free mortality.Results:Among all enrolled patients,76.8%of adverse outcomes(including death and LT)within one year occurred within 90 days.Compared with alcoholic etiology,the association of HBV etiology with poorer outcomes was remarkably on the 28th day(hazard ratio[HR],1.81;95%confidence interval[CI],1.07-3.06;p=0.026);however,and dimin-ished or became insignificant at 90 days and 365 days.Cirrhosis increased the adjusted risk for 365-day(HR,1.50;CI,1.13-1.99;p=0.004)LT-free mortality when compared with noncirrhosis.In patients with cirrhosis,prior decompensation(PD)independently increased the adjusted risk of 365-day LT-free mortality by 1.25-fold(p=0.021);however,it did not increase the risk for 90-day mortality.Neither the category nor the number of precipitants influenced the adjusted risk of 28 or 90-day LT-free mortality.Conclusions:The 90-day outcome should be considered a significant endpoint for evaluating the short-term prognosis of hospitalized patients with CLD.Predisposing factors,other than etiology,mainly affected the delayed(365-day)outcome.Timely effective therapy for CLD etiology,especially antiviral treatments for HBV,and post-discharge long-term surveillance monitoring in cirrhotic patients undergoing PD are suggested to enhance disease management and reduce mortality.