The skeleton is a highly innervated organ in which nerve fibers interact with various skeletal cells.Peripheral nerve endings release neurogenic factors and sense skeletal signals,which mediate bone metabolism and ske...The skeleton is a highly innervated organ in which nerve fibers interact with various skeletal cells.Peripheral nerve endings release neurogenic factors and sense skeletal signals,which mediate bone metabolism and skeletal pain.In recent years,bone tissue engineering has increasingly focused on the effects of the nervous system on bone regeneration.Simultaneous regeneration of bone and nerves through the use of materials or by the enhancement of endogenous neurogenic repair signals has been proven to promote functional bone regeneration.Additionally,emerging information on the mechanisms of skeletal interoception and the central nervous system regulation of bone homeostasis provide an opportunity for advancing biomaterials.However,comprehensive reviews of this topic are lacking.Therefore,this review provides an overview of the relationship between nerves and bone regeneration,focusing on tissue engineering applications.We discuss novel regulatory mechanisms and explore innovative approaches based on nerve–bone interactions for bone regeneration.Finally,the challenges and future prospects of this field are briefly discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82072446,81873999,82272460,82202715,82102546,82102627)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2021CFB277,2021CFB596)。
文摘The skeleton is a highly innervated organ in which nerve fibers interact with various skeletal cells.Peripheral nerve endings release neurogenic factors and sense skeletal signals,which mediate bone metabolism and skeletal pain.In recent years,bone tissue engineering has increasingly focused on the effects of the nervous system on bone regeneration.Simultaneous regeneration of bone and nerves through the use of materials or by the enhancement of endogenous neurogenic repair signals has been proven to promote functional bone regeneration.Additionally,emerging information on the mechanisms of skeletal interoception and the central nervous system regulation of bone homeostasis provide an opportunity for advancing biomaterials.However,comprehensive reviews of this topic are lacking.Therefore,this review provides an overview of the relationship between nerves and bone regeneration,focusing on tissue engineering applications.We discuss novel regulatory mechanisms and explore innovative approaches based on nerve–bone interactions for bone regeneration.Finally,the challenges and future prospects of this field are briefly discussed.
