Energy-Saving Technology in Indoor LTE System with DTX Based on CQI

In LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, CQI (Channel Quality Indication) is a technical method to realize adaptive modulation and coding. The dispatcher of BS (base station) would allocate resource blocks to users dynamically based on CQI of uplink and downlink channels, which is necessary in the process of uplink and downlink transmission [1]. When the CQI level of the channel is high, the energy efficiency is high. On the contrary, when the CQI level of the channel is low, the energy efficiency is low. However, if signals are not transmitted until the quality of the channel is good, energy loss may be lowered in the expense of group delay. That is to say, we take CQI into account on the basis of the technology of DTX [2] [3] (Discontinuous Transmission). According to the result of simulation, the energy consumption can be reduced by using our proposed scheme. Particularly, the energy-saving effect is significant when the load is low.

Asymmetric Two-Component Alkenyl Catellani Reaction for the Construction of C—N Axial Chirality

Herein,we report an asymmetric two-component alkenyl Catellani reaction for the construction of C—N axial chirality through a palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis and an axial-to-axial chirality transfer process.Various partially aromatic iodinated 2-pyridones,quinolones,coumarin and uracil substrates react with 2,6-disubstituted aryl bromides with a tethered amide group,to afford a wide variety of polycyclic C—N atropisomers(38 examples,up to 97%e.e.).The obtained C—N axial chirality originates from the preformed transient C—C axial chirality with high fidelity.The synthetic utility of this chemistry is demonstrated by facile prepa-ration of complex quinoline and pyridine based C—N atropisomers through a N-deprotection and aromatization sequence.In addi-tion,a remote axial-to-central diastereoinduction process dictated by C—N axial chirality is observed with excellent diastereocontrol.

Directional solidification behavior of turbine blades in DZ125 alloy:design of blade numbers on assembly

The influence of blades assembly,i.e.,the blade number on the solidification process,heat exchange and grain structure on a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ125 was investigated by combining the experimental and simulation results.The casting process was simulated thermodynamically by ProCAST software,where the interface heat transfer coefficient was precisely determined by a measurement with thermocouples.There is a good agreement between experimental and simulation results.It was interestingly found that with the number of blades increasing from 6 to 10,due to the decrease in radiation absorption efficiency,the maximum temperature and the heating rate decrease in the mold,during the preheat process.During the withdrawal procedure,increased assembly numbers reduce the radiation exchange from mold to the enclosure,resulting in the decrease in cooling rate and temperature gradient of the blades.At the end of withdrawal,the slower cooling rate of the outside balances the temperature distribution of internal and external surfaces on the rabbet of blade.

Effect of applied stress on r'-rafting behavior in a Ni-based singlecrystal superalloy:experiments and finite element analysis

The effect of applied tensile stress on the r'-rafting behavior for a Ni-based single-crystal superalloy with more negative misfit was investigated.By conducting interrupted creep tests at high temperature,it indicated that the increase in the applied stress accelerates the r'-rafting(directional coarsening of yr phase).In the early stage of rafting,the r'-cubes start interconnecting at the ends of the parallel-to-applied-stress r'-channel.The distributions of misfit stress,coherent strain and strain energy density of the r/r'phases are then calculated by finite element analysis.The calculation results show that the rafting acceleration is mainly ascribed to the reduced strain energy density in the parallel-to-applied-stress r'-channel that is driven from the couple interaction of external load and misfit stress.Interface dislocation network formation,resulting from the misfit-induced increase in resolved shear stress,also contributes to the r'-rafting.