Spontaneous intra-abdominal hematomas in a hepatocellular carcinoma patient treated with lenvatinib:a case report

A 44-year-old patient was admitted with tumor rupture in the left hepatic lateral lobe,and he underwent emergent exploratory laparotomy and proceeded for hepatic left lateral lobectomy on September 19,2021.The final diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed by histopathological examination of the surgical specimen.Afterward,the patient received hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with FOLFOX(oxaliplatin,fluorouracil,and leucovorin)for 5 cycles.Subsequently,recurrence of the hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in the abdominal cavity.The patient was then treated with lenvatinib.Within less than 1 month of the treatment with lenvatinib,the patient was admitted to the emergency room on June 2,2022,because of acute intra-abdominal bleeding(hematomas).Percutaneous intra-abdominal angiography found that the bleeding vessels were the right gastroepiploic artery and left gastric artery.The patient was stabilized after arterial embolization using gelatin sponges.The diagnosis and management of spontaneous intra-abdominal hematomas are discussed.

基于Citespace对生化汤研究进展的可视化分析

目的基于CiteSpace软件对生化汤相关文献进行可视化分析,探索生化汤研究领域的热点、现状及前沿趋势,为未来开展进一步研究提供借鉴与参考。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)从建库至2022年10月31日发表的生化汤相关文献,利用文献计量学软件Citespace 6.1.R6对纳入文献的作者、机构、关键词进行可视化分析,绘制相关知识图谱。结果研究共纳入1307篇中文文献,年发文量在1994-2000年迅速增长。发文最多的作者为宋金春(9篇),共形成4个研究团队。发文最多的机构为南京中医药大学(15篇)。主要研究方向为生化汤的加减应用、临床作用及临床疗效观察等方面。目前研究热点为剖宫产后子宫复旧不良、产后出血、恶露不绝、子宫内膜息肉及清源生化汤。结论未来应加强地区间的交流合作,开展多中心、大规模的高质量临床研究,提供高级别的循证医学证据;开展深入探究生化汤具体作用机制的基础研究,丰富生化汤的现代医学研究内容。

Preliminary Study on Quality Analysis of Yao Medicine Pileostegia tomentella Hand.-Mazz.

[Objectives]To establish a method for quality analysis of Medicine Pileostegia tomentella Hand.-Mazz.[Methods]According to the testing method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition),the water content,total ash and alcohol-soluble extract of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.were determined.[Results]10 batches of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.from different habitats and in different collection time in Guangxi all had the same plant morphology and medicinal properties.The experimental results showed that the water content was 7.92%-10.35%,the total ash content was 5.53%-6.62%,the acid-insoluble ash content was 0.59%-0.76%,and the extract content was 11.63%-16.12%.[Conclusions]The identification method in this study can be used for the quality analysis of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.,and the experimental results can provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.and the establishment of its quality standard.

FXR和TGR5在梗阻性黄疸大鼠肾脏中的表达变化

目的研究胆汁酸受体FXR、TGR5在梗阻性黄疸(obstru ction-jaundice,OJ)肾脏中的表达变化.方法通过结扎胆总管建立OJ模型,12只SD大鼠随机分成两组,胆总管结扎组(bile duct ligation,BDL)6只,和对照组(control group,CON)6只.建立模型两周后检测两组血清谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、总胆汁酸(total bile acid,TBA)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)以及直接胆红素(direct bilirubin,DBIL)的浓度变化;检测两组血清尿素氮(serum urea nitrogen,BUN),肌酐(creatinine,Cr),尿酸(uric acid,UA)的浓度变化,并收集两组大鼠尿液进行尿干化学分析.Western blot方法定量检测大鼠肾组织中FXR和TGR5蛋白表达水平,q RT-PCR检测FXR和TGR5的m RNA表达水平,HE染色检测SD大鼠肾脏病理改变.结果同CON组比较,BDL组大鼠肾脏FXR和TGR5蛋白表达量和m RNA表达量均降低,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).HE染色显示,BDL组大鼠肾脏组织中,肾小球密度减少;肾小管局部上皮细胞脱落、消失;小管腔隙扩张,内含大量粉染无结构物质.结论梗阻性黄疸时,会引起大鼠肾脏的损害;胆汁酸受体FXR和TGR5在肾脏的蛋白和m RNA表达量均显著降低,可能同肾脏损伤有关.

Investigating the Thermal Stress of Millisecond Pulsed Laser Irradiation on Charge-Coupled Devices

In this study, a two-dimensional model describing thermal stress on a charge-coupled device (CCD) induced by ms laser pulses was examined. Considering the nonlinearity of the CCD’s material parameters and the melting phase transition process of aluminum electrode materials was considered by using equivalent specific heat capacity method, the physical process where a laser pulse irradiating a CCD pixel array was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The temperature field and thermal stress field were calculated and analyzed. In order to clarify the mechanism producing damage on the CCD detector, Raman spectra from silicon were measured with a micro-Raman spectrometer to determine stress change in the CCD chip. The procedure presented herein illustrates a method for evaluating strain in a CCD after laser irradiation.

Inversion and Error Analysis of Target Material Proportion from Scattering Spectrum

In this work, we have proposed a scattering spectra-based method for inverting the surface materials and material proportions of space objects (SOs) from long distances. The results of this work shall improve efforts to characterize and predict the orbits of space debris. We first constructed a physical model for SO characterization based on scattering spectra and then provided a least-squares solution with minimum-norm (LSMN) algorithm for inverting the surface materials and material proportions of an SO. The optical reflectance of complex material surfaces was characterized using a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)-based multimodal fusion model that uses the characteristics of the light source, the reflectance of the target’s surface materials, and structures, and the angle of incidence and reflection. The area of each material in the BRDF was then treated as the to-be-inverted parameter. The proposed method was then experimentally validated using four sets of materials. The materials and proportions of equiproportional and non-equiproportional combinations of materials were inverted by the proposed method, and the average inversion error was less than 10%. According to the relationship curve be-tween experimental data error and inversion error, and between theoretical error and inversion error, it can be concluded that the accuracy of inversion error has a linear relationship with the measurement data error. In summary, we have provided a new technical approach for the inversion and characterization of SO materials and material proportions from long distances.

Spatial distribution of heavy metals(Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd)in sediments of a coastal wetlands in eastern Fujian, China

We investigated the spatial distribution （horizontal and vertical concentrations） of copper （Cu）, lead （Pb）, zinc （Zn）, and cadmium （Cd） in five wetland types （mudflat, aquaculture wetland, water area, farmland wetland and mangrove） from three areas （Ningde, Fuding, and Xiapu）, China. Cu concentrations in five wetland types descended in the order： farm wetland, mudflat, aquaculture, water area and mangrove. Pb concentrations decreased in the order： aquaculture, mangrove, farm wetland, mudflat, and water area. Zn content decreased in the order： farm wetland, water area, aquaculture, mudflat and mangrove, and Cd content decreased as follows： mangrove, aquacul- ture, water area, rnudflat, and farm wetland. Comparison of the concentrations of the same heavy metals in different areas showed that the highest Cu （63.75 mg kg-1） and Zn （152.32mgkg-1） concentrations occurred in Ningdecoastal wetlands; Pb （110.58 mg kg-1） and Cd （2.81 mg kg-1） contents were highest in Fuding wetlands, and the average contents of all heavy metals were very low in Xiapu wetlands. Examination of the vertical distribution showed that the Cu content was high in all mudflat layers; Pb and Cd concentrations were highest in aquaculture and mangrove wetlands, respectively, and Zn content was highest in farm wetlands. The spatial distribution of Cu and Zn contents for different areas decreased as follows： Ningde 〉 Fuding 〉 Xiapu, for Pb and Cd were most concentrated in Fuding coastal wetlands. Concentrations of Zn and Cu were highly correlated, while Zn and Cu were not significantly correlated with Pb.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots enhances plant biomass,phosphorus uptake and concentration of root secondary metabolites

Arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi penetrate the cortical cells of the roots of vascular plants, and are widely distributed in soil. The formation of these symbiotic bodies accelerates the absorption and utilization of min- eral elements, enhances plant resistance to stress, boosts the growth of plants, and increases the survival rate of transplanted seedlings. We studied the effects of various arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on the growth and devel- opment of licorice （Glycyrrhiza glabra）. Several species of AM, such as Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, and a mixture of fungi （G. mosseae, G intraradices, G. cladoideum, G microagregatum, G caledonium and G. etunica- tum） were used in our study. Licorice growth rates were determined by measuring the colonization rate of the plants by the fungi, plant dry biomass, phosphorus concentration and concentration of secondary metabolites. We estab- lished two cloned strains of licorice, clone 3 （C3） and clone 6 （C6） to exclude the effect of genotypic variations. Our results showed that the AM fungi could in fact increase the leaf and root biomass, as well as the phosphorus con- centration in each clone. Furthermore, AM fungi significantly increased the yield of certain secondary metabolites in clone 3. Our study clearly demonstrated that AM fungi play an important role in the enhancement of growth and development of licorice plants. There was also a significant improvement in the secondary metabolite content and yield of medicinal compounds from the roots.

Protection efficiency assessment and quality of coastal shelterbelt for Dongshan Island at the coastal section scale

The coastal shelter forest in China is under threat of destruction and degradation because of the impact of human activities. Protection efficiency assessment of the coastal shelterbelt is an important component of shelterforest remediation planning and sustainable management. In this study, a protection efficiency index （PEI） model was established using the projection pursuit method to assess the protective quality of the coastal shelter forest at the coastal section scale of Dongshan Island, China. Three criteria were used, including forest stand structure, forest belt structure, and windbreak effect; each criterion further comprised multiple factors. Based on survey data of 31 plots in the coastal shelter forest of Dongshan Island, we calculated PEI values using a projection of a pursuit model. The result showed 64.5 % of the PEIs fell at or below the middle level, which can indicate the status of the coastal shelterbelt is unsatisfactory. To further explore whether the different bays and land use types create significant differences in PEIs and evaluation indices, we used an ANOVA to test the influence of various bays and forms of land use on coastal shelterbelts. The results showed that PEI and most of the indices differed significantly by bay; mean tree height, mean DBH, mean crown width, stand density, vegetation coverage, and wind velocity reduction differed significantly by land use. Therefore, relevant measures for different locations, bays and surrounding land use can be proposed to improve the existing conditions of the coastal shelterbelt. The results of this study provide a theoretical and technical framework for future changes and sustainable management of coastal shelterbelt on Dongshan Island.

猪血深加工企业与屠宰场行为博弈中的临界点分析——基于契约型组织模式

通过建立监控——违约博弈模型,选择猪肉供应链中的猪血深加工企业与生猪屠宰场两个相邻供应链结点,分析两者间静态与动态博弈关系,利用博弈模型导出双方行为选择的临界点,并以此为核心,展开分析各相关因素对双方博弈行为的影响,为双方在供应链中的行为选择提供参考依据,以促进双方形成互惠共赢、稳定合作的稳定关系,从而优化与完善整条供应链。

Excitation-wavelength-dependent THz wave modulation via external bias electric field

A theoretical model was proposed to describe the effects of external bias electric field on terahertz(THz)generated in air plasma.The model predicted that for a plasma in a bias electric field,the amplification effect of the THz wave intensity increases with the increase of the excitation laser wavelength.We experimentally observed the relationship between the THz enhancement effect and the electric field strength at different wavelengths.Experimental results showed a good agreement with the model predictions.These results enhance our understanding of the physical mechanism by which femtosecond lasers excite air to generate THz and extend the practical applications of THz generation and modulation.

Immunoregulatory effects of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook Fand its extracts in clinical practice

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and kidney disease due to their anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and other pharmacological effects. However, the clinical immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts remain unclear, so we reviewed their effects for use in clinical practice. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on the immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts in clinical studies. TwHF and its extracts affect the proliferation and activation of T and B cells;ratio of T cell subsets;inflammatory response of monocytes, macrophages, and immunoglobulins;and secretion of many cytokines. Together, these effects dictate immune function in a variety of diseases. TwHF and its extracts can be used alone or in combination with existing therapies against many immune disorders through immunomodulation.

Effectiveness of co-treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and letrozole for polycystic ovary syndrome:a meta-analysis

BACKGROUND： Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is an endocrine disease that affects gynecologica health. Treatment of PCOS remains a big challenge for clinicians. OBJECTIVE： This meta-analysis was developed to compare the efficacy of co-treatment with traditiona Chinese medicine （TCM） and letrozole against letrozole monotherapy in the treatment of PCOS. SEARCH STRATEGY： Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） were electronically retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data; related papers that were not available electronically were manually checked. All papers were assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the valid data were analyzed using Revman software （The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark） INCLUSION CRITERIA： We included RCTs that compared co-treatment with TCM and letrozole against letrozole monotherapy in women with PCOS, which was defined by anovulation, biochemical or clinical hyperandrogenemia and polycystic ovaries. We included trials from all sources. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS： Two independent reviewers extracted data, and evaluated study quality according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions criteria for RCT, including issues of patient randomization, blinding and bias. RESULTS： Eight RCTs, involving a total of 537 patients, were included in the present study. The meta-analysis showed that the cycle ovulation rate, the pregnancy rate and the total effective rate of symptom treatment were higher in treatments combining TCM with letrozole, compared with letrozole monotherapy. Although the rate of luteinizing hormone （LH）/follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and the body mass index of the group receiving combined therapy were lower than in letrozole monotherapy, no statistical difference was found in the LH and FSH level between the two groups. CONCLUSION： Available evidence showed that co-treatment with TCM and letrozole was more effective than letrozole monotherapy in the treatment of PCOS.

Ultrafast hydrogen bond dynamics of liquid water revealed by terahertz-induced transient birefringence

The fundamental properties of water molecules,such as their molecular polarizability,have not yet been clarified.The hydrogen bond network is generally considered to play an important role in the thermodynamic properties of water.The terahertz(THz)Kerr effect technique,as a novel tool,is expected to be useful in exploring the low-frequency molecular dynamics of liquid water.Here,we use an intense and ultrabroadband THz pulse(peak electric field strength of 14.9 MV/cm,centre frequency of 3.9 THz,and bandwidth of 1–10 THz)to resonantly excite intermolecular modes of liquid water.Bipolar THz field-induced transient birefringence signals are observed in a free-flowing water film.We propose a hydrogen bond harmonic oscillator model associated with the dielectric susceptibility and combine it with the Lorentz dynamic equation to investigate the intermolecular structure and dynamics of liquid water.We mainly decompose the bipolar signals into a positive signal caused by hydrogen bond stretching vibration and a negative signal caused by hydrogen bond bending vibration,indicating that the polarizability perturbation of water presents competing contributions under bending and stretching conditions.A Kerr coefficient equation related to the intermolecular modes of water is established.The ultrafast intermolecular hydrogen bond dynamics of water revealed by an ultrabroadband THz pump pulse can provide further insights into the transient structure of liquid water corresponding to the pertinent modes.

Terahertz wave emission from water lin es

To make further understanding of terahertz(THz)wave generation from liquid water,we study THz wave emission from water lines of different diameters.The water line with a smaller diameter generates a stronger THz electric field for the diameters from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.The THz electric field strength and polarity change with the relative position between the incident laser and water line.Moreover,the THz energy has an optimal radiation angle of about 60°.A two-dimensional dipole array model is introduced to illustrate the phenomenon.Our observations contribute to optimizing the scheme of the liquid THz source.

SOCIAL MEDIA RESEARCH:A REVIEW

Social media is fundamentally changing the way people communicate, consume and collaborate. It provides companies a new platform to interact with their customers. In academia, there is a surge in research efforts on understanding its effects. This paper aims to provide a review of current status of social media research. We discuss the specific domains in which the impacts of social media have been examined. A brief review of applicable research methodologies and approaches is also provided.

International Clinical Practice Guideline of Chinese Medicine Climacteric Syndrome

Foreword International TCM Clinical Practice Guidelines˙Menopausal Syndrome was based on Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines of Common Disease of TCM Gynaecology˙Climacteric Syndrome(standard number:ZYYXH/T 218-2012)published by the China Association of Chinese Medicine in 2012.Combining with the clinical research evidence at home and abroad in recent years,evidence classification and recommendation opinions were reached,and through expert discussion,this International TCM Clinical Practice Guidelines of Climacteric Syndrome was formed.

多模态影像技术在精准肝癌肝切除中的应用

目的探讨多模态影像技术在精准肝切除治疗原发性肝癌(肝癌)中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年1月粤北人民医院行精准肝切除的69例肝癌患者临床资料。患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。其中男52例,女17例;年龄21~77岁,中位年龄55岁。根据术前采用数字医学影像技术不同,将患者分为多模态影像技术指导组(多模组,32例)和三维可视化技术指导组(单模组,37例)。多模组采用三维可视化重建、3D打印、增强现实(AR)技术指导多模块进行术前评估、手术规划和手术导航。单模组术前采用三维可视化技术进行术前规划。比较两组患者围手术期情况及预后。两组手术时间、术中出血量等比较采用t检验或秩和检验,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果69例患者均成功建立三维可视化重建模型。多模组术中所见与三维可视化、3D打印及AR技术一致,手术团队对手术方案理解和手术配合高度一致。所有患者均顺利完成手术,无围手术期死亡,术后均未发生严重并发症。多模组平均手术时间、入肝血流阻断时间分别为(203±59)、(27±13)min,明显少于单模组的(235±62)、(34±13)min(t=-2.193,-2.178;P<0.05);术中出血量中位数分别为165(235)ml,亦明显少于单模组的200(100)ml(Z=-2.472,P<0.05)。单模组术后复发转移4例,多模组3例,两组无复发生存率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.032,P>0.05)。结论多模态影像技术具有多信息化优势,可弥补单一模式的不足,通过精准的术前规划和手术导航,可提高精准肝癌肝切除术的精准性和安全性。

Social effects of topic propagation on Weibo

Weibo,China’s largest microblogging platform,has become one of the key information-sharing platforms in modern society.This study examines topic propagation in relation to microblogging from the perspective of the“peer effect.”Using data of hot topics from Weibo,we analyze how the social effect and propagation pathway influence the topic propagation process.We propose a spatial and temporal heterogeneity diffusion model that includes endogenous and exogenous social effects and is based on but different from the Bass diffusion model.We find that most propagation pathways end after a single level of propagation.The endogenous social effect in microblogs primarily influences the inflow of topics.Such endogenous social effect,combined with the multiplier effect,motivates most users to share a microblog topic in a short period of time.The exogenous social effect primarily influences the outflow of topics,and therefore,the microblog topics of a small number of popular users’account for most of the share volume.Our results are robust to potential serial correlation,reflection problem,and potential self-selection due to user status.The findings reveal that group characteristics affect individuals’behaviors and choices in relation to the topic propagation process on microblogging platforms.The use of a spatial and temporal heterogeneity diffusion model and the robustness of the analysis process provide new information for scholars in this field.