金属玻璃中取决于加载速率的非均匀蠕变行为

大块金属玻璃中的蠕变变形可分为均匀流动和非均匀流动。为了理解两种蠕变变形的转化条件,使用纳米压痕试验和分子动力学模拟研究加载速率对Ti_(40)Zr_(10)Cu_(47)Sn_(3)(摩尔分数,%)大块金属玻璃室温蠕变行为的影响。结果发现,在低加载速率下,加载阶段出现很多的锯齿流动,导致蠕变阶段出现非均匀的锯齿流动;而当加载速率足够高时,蠕变变形趋向于均匀流动。详细讨论与速率相关的蠕变行为的相关机制,发现关键因素是预先存在的主要剪切带的数量,该数量受加载速率的影响较大。

How does the motor relearning program improve neurological function of brain ischemia monkeys?

The motor relearning program can significantly improve various functional disturbance induced by ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. However, its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. In injured brain tissues, glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament protein changes can reflect the condition of injured neurons and astrocytes, while vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor changes can indicate angiogenesis. In the present study, we induced ischemic brain injury in the rhesus macaque by electrocoagulation of the M1 segment of the right middle cerebral artery. The motor relearning program was conducted for 60 days from the third day after model establishment. Immunohistochemistry and single-photon emission CT showed that the numbers of glial fibrillary acidic protein-, neurofilament protein-, vascular endothelial growth factor- and basic fibroblast growth factor-positive cells were significantly increased in the infarcted side compared with the contralateral hemisphere following the motor relearning program. Moreover, cerebral blood flow in the infarcted side was significantly improved. The clinical rating scale for stroke was used to assess neurological function changes in the rhesus macaque following the motor relearning program. Results showed that motor function was improved, and problems with consciousness, self-care ability and balance function were significantly ameliorated. These findings indicate that the motor relearning program significantly promoted neuronal regeneration, repair and angiogenesis in the surroundings of the infarcted hemisphere, and improve neurological function in the rhesus macaque following brain ischemia.

Acellular ostrich corneal stroma used as scaffold for construction of tissue-engineered cornea

AIM： To assess acellular ostrich corneal matrix used as a scaffold to reconstruct a damaged cornea. METHODS： A hypertonic saline solution combined with a digestion method was used to decellularize the ostrich cornea. The microstructure of the acellular corneal matrix was observed by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and hematoxylin and eosin （H＆E） staining. The mechanical properties were detected by a rheometer and a tension machine. The acellular corneal matrix was also transplanted into a rabbit cornea and cytokeratin 3 was used to check the immune phenotype, RESULTS： The microstructure and mechanical properties of the ostrich cornea were well preserved after the decellularization process, in vitro, the methyl thiazolyl tetrazoUum results revealed that extracts of the acellular ostrich corneas （AOCs） had no inhibitory effects on the proliferation of the corneal epithelial or endothelial cells or on the keratocytes, The rabbit lamellar keratoplasty showed that the transplanted AOCs were transparent and completely incorporated into the host cornea while corneal turbidity and graft dissolution occurred in the acellular porcine cornea （APC） transplantation, The phenotype of the reconstructed cornea was similar to a normal rabbit cornea with a high expression of cytokeratin 3 in the superficial epithelial cell layer, CONCLUSION： We first used AOCs as scaffolds to reconstruct damaged corneas. Compared with porcine corneas, the anatomical structures of ostrich corneas are closer to those of human corneas. In accordance with the principle that structure determines function, a xenograft lamellar keratoplasty also confirmed that the AOC transplantation generated a superior outcome compared to that of the APC graft.

Expression of visual system homeobox 1 in human keratoconus

AIM: To investigate the expression of visual system homeobox 1(VSX1) and myofibroblast marker alpha smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) in keratoconus(KC). METHODS: Thirty corneal tissue were collected from KC patients after corneal transplantation and 15 normal donor corneas were obtained. All corneal tissues divided into 4 parts for different detections. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of the specimens. VSX1 and α-SMA localization in cornea tissues was detected using immunofluorescence histochemistry. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and Western blot were performed to analyze the expression level of VSX1 and α-SMA. RESULTS: Compared to normal cornea tissue, the collagen fibers in KC stroma were distortional and attenuated and keratocytes were abnormally changed. VSX1 and α-SMA located in the corneal stroma. The mRNA and protein expression level of VSX1 in KC were about 3 times as high as that of normal tissue(P<0.001). α-SMA was hardly expressed in the normal corneas, however, its expression in the KC was about 1.5 times higher than that of the normal corneas(P<0.0001).

Mathematical Model of Small Water-plane Area Twin-hull and Application in Marine Simulator

小水飞机区域成双壳(一行) 由于它的好经得起海上风浪的能力引起了许多研究人员的注意。在这份报纸，分离的 MMG 想法被用来执行一行运动建模和模拟；分别地，一行的力量和时刻被划分成赤裸的壳，推进器，在液体水动力学的 rudder，等等。在还原剂插入了相互的干扰在壳之中强迫的系数，和 rudder 的推进器和推进器弄醒系数，为一行的计算，都被考虑。集成的第四顺序的 Runge-Kutta 方法被解决微分方程使用，以便得到一行运动状态。作为一个例子，在全速和海鸥手艺的完整的右舷 rudder 的转弯的测试被显示出。模拟结果显示出一行常规模式和运动的趋势。它验证转弯的运动的数学模型的正确性。一行数学模型被用于海洋的模拟器以便训练飞行员或 seamen，或为海洋工程的安全评价投射。最后，模仿系统(FMNSS ) 的完整的使命航行决心是航行模拟的域里的一件成功的虚拟现实技术应用程序样品。

Sedimentary characteristics and processes of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression, North Jiangsu Basin, eastern China

In this paper,the type,vertical evolution,and distribution pattern of sedimentary facies of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression of the North Jiangsu Basin are studied in detail.Results show that fan delta,delta,nearshore subaqueous fan,and lacustrine facies developed during the Dainan Formation period and their distribution pattern was mainly controlled by tectonics and paleogeography.The fan delta and nearshore subaqueous fan facies predominantly occur in the southern steep slope region where fault-induced subsidence is thought to have created substantial accommodation,whereas the delta facies are distributed on the northern gentle slope which is thought to have experienced less subsidence.Finally,the lacustrine facies is shown to have developed in the center of the depression,as well as on the flanks of the fan delta,delta,and nearshore subaqueous fan facies.Vertically,the Dainan Formation represents an integrated transgressiveregressive cycle,with the E2d1being the transgressive sequence and the E2d2being the regressive sequence.This distribution model of sedimentary facies plays an important role in predicting favorable reservoir belts for the Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression and similar areas.In the Gaoyou Depression,sandstones of the subaqueous distributary channels in the fan delta and the subaqueous branch channels in the delta are characterized by physical properties favorable for reservoir formation.

Ka波段高效率扩展互作用振荡器的电路设计（英文）

设计并讨论了一种高效率的基于梯形结构的扩展互作用振荡器(EIO)。优化了提升器件效率的关键因素包括间隙数目、频率分隔度、间隙长度、特性阻抗R/Q和品质因数Qe,从而实现有效电子束调制并避免模式竞争。本文初步设计了适用于高互作用效率的EIO电路。

Plasma simulation to analyze velocity distribution characteristics of pseudospark-sourced electron beam

Pseudospark-sourced electron beam is a promising candidate for driving vacuum electronic devices to generate millimeter wave and terahertz wave radiation as it has a very high combined beam current density. However, the inherent velocity spread of the beam, which is difficult to measure in experiment, has a great influence on the operating frequency and efficiency of the vacuum electronic device. In this paper, the velocity distribution characteristics of the electron beam produced by a single-gap hollow cathode electron gun are numerically studied and a three-dimensional kinetic plasma simulation model of a single-gap hollow cathode electron gun is built by using particle in cell and Monte Carlo collision methods in Vorpal. Based on the simulation model, the time-dependent evolution of the plasma formation inside the hollow cathode and electron beam generation process are observed. It is demonstrated that the pseudospark-sourced electron beam has a relatively large velocity spread. The time-dependent velocity distribution of the beam is analyzed, and the dependence of the beam velocity distribution under various operating conditions such as anode–cathode potential difference, gas pressure, and cathode aperture size are also studied.

Evaluating the clinical efficacy of Thunder-Fire moxibustion combined with ovulation monitoring in the treatment of adenomyosis combined with infertility

目的:评价雷火灸联合排卵监测治疗子宫腺肌病合并不孕的临床疗效。方法:选择诊断符合子宫腺肌病合并不孕且中医辨证属于寒凝血瘀(具有经前综合症或经期下腹冷痛,得热痛减,肢端冰冷等临床表现)的患者120例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各60例。治疗组予雷火灸联合排卵监测,对照组单纯予排卵监测,比较两组6个月经周期内的妊娠率,痛经和中医证候群的改善情况以及血清癌抗原125的水平。结果:治疗组6个月经周期内妊娠率与对照组相比有统计学意义(50.0%vs 23.3%,P=0.021)。与对照组相比,治疗组痛经与中医证候群改善明显(分别为3.87±2.03 vs.5.70±1.01,P=0.002 and 7.33±4.11 vs.10.52±2.33,P=0.006)。两组相比血清癌抗原125的水平有显著性差异(55.45±14.65 vs 63.34±11.41,P=0.031)。但是子宫平均直径与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(67.13±7.59 vs.69.89±5.30,P=0.137)。结论:雷火灸联合排卵监测能有效地提高子宫腺肌症不孕患者的受孕率。

Survey of Stereotactic Body Radiation Oncology for Early Staged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in China

Purpose: To evaluate the current status of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for early staged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at main cancer hospitals in China. Methods and Materials: The questionnaire was sent by mail and email to 21 hospitals, which include the patient enrollment, treatment technique, dose and fractionation, quality control, disease control and side effects. Results: Nineteen hospitals responded. It was found that SBRT has been used for early staged NSCLC in most of the hospitals participating in the survey. The patient characteristics and techniques were relatively consistent, but there were many controversies regarding dose fractionation and quality control. Conclusions: SBRT for early staged NSCLC has been applied at main cancer hospitals in China. However, considerable variation exists. The establishment of clinical guidelines and standardized quality control are crucial for further improvement.

Discrimination between Chinese Jing Wine and Counterfeit Using Different Signal Features of an Electronic Nose

Because sensory analysis and chromatographic analysis were not well suitable for the discrimination between Chinese Jing wines and counterfeits, an electronic nose (in short, eNose) was employed to carry out the task. In the investigation three kinds of features of eNose signals were extracted and as input data of principal component analysis (PCA). These features are named as mean-differential coefficient value (MDCV), energy value of wavelet packet decomposition (WE) and relative steady-state response value (RSV), respectively. The results demonstrated that the discrimination based on these features data could all be performed by PCA, and the RSV was the best. At the same time, an evaluation method was proposed to evaluate the discrimination capability of these features quantitatively, and the evaluation results are basically in accord with PCA discrimination results. This showed the evaluation method was appropriate for evaluating the discrimination capability of different features. In conclusion, the investigation indicated that the eNose coupled with PCA was absolutely competent for the discrimination tasks, and especially the feature RSV was simple and reliable.

Current Mycoplasma pneumoniae epidemic among children in Shanghai:unusual pneumonia caused by usual pathogen

Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children and adolescents.The infection occurs endemically with an epidemic peak every few years.The worldwide incidence confirmed by direct test methods was reported to be 8.61%between 2017 and 2020 across all age groups[1].

Ferroptosis contributes to JEV-induced neuronal damage and neuroinflammation

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered prototype of programmed cell death (PCD) driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation accumulation, and it has been linked to numerous organ injuries and degenerative pathologies. Although studies have shown that a variety of cell death processes contribute to JEV-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal injury, there is currently limited research on the specific involvement of ferroptosis. In this study, we explored the neuronal ferroptosis induced by JEV infection in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated that JEV infection induces neuronal ferroptosis through inhibiting the function of the antioxidant system mediated by glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), as well as by promoting lipid peroxidation mediated by yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1)/long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4). Further analyses revealed that JEV E and prM proteins function as agonists, inducing ferroptosis. Moreover, we found that treatment with a ferroptosis inhibitor in JEV-infected mice reduces the viral titers and inflammation in the mouse brains, ultimately improving the survival rate of infected mice. In conclusion, our study unveils a critical role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of JEV, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of viral encephalitis.

A nested partitioning-based solution method for seru scheduling problem with resource allocation

This paper investigates the production scheduling problems of allocating resources and sequencing jobs in the seru production system(SPS).As a new-type manufacturing mode arising from Japanese production practices,seru production can achieve efficiency,flexibility,and responsiveness simultaneously.The production environment in which a set of jobs must be scheduled over a set of serus according to due date and different execution modes is considered,and a combination optimization model is provided.Motivated by the problem complexity and the characteristics of the proposed seru scheduling model,a nested partitioning method(NPM)is designed as the solution approach.Finally,computational studies are conducted,and the practicability of the proposed seru scheduling model is proven.Moreover,the efficiency of the nested partitioning solution method is demonstrated by the computational results obtained from different scenarios,and the good scalability of the proposed approach is proven via comparative analysis.

Efficacy of physiological seawater nasal irrigation for the treatment of children with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant infection:a randomized controlled trial

Background Saline nasal irrigation is an effective therapy for relieving common cold symptoms.This study aimed to investigate and explore the efficacy of physiological seawater nasal irrigation(PSNI)on children with mild and asymptomatic infection with Omicron.Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Shanghai,China,and 403 children with mild and asymptomatic infection with Omicron were included.These children were allocated into the PSNI group and the control group.The primary outcome was the duration of viral shedding(DVS),and the secondary outcome was the change in clinical symptoms.Results The median age of all participants was 5.59(6.26)years old.The DVS was significantly shorter in the PSNI group[2.40(1.13)]than in the control group[3.09(2.14)](P=0.014).The multivariable Cox regression model also showed that patients in the PSNI group had an increased probability of shorter DVS compared with patients in the control group[hazard ratio(HR),1.27;95%confidence interval(CI),1.04–1.55;P=0.017].Subgroup analysis suggested that the DVS of patients without full vaccination was significantly reduced in the PSNI group.The proportions of runny nose and stuffy nose were apparently reduced in the first three days in the PSNI group or the control group,but there was no evidence showing that PSNI contributes to the benefit compared with the control group.Conclusion PSNI can reduce the DVS of patients with mild and asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant.

Development and validation of radiomics model built by incorporating machine learning for identifying liver fibrosis and early-stage cirrhosis

Background:Liver fibrosis(LF)continues to develop and eventually progresses to cirrhosis.However,LF and early-stage cirrhosis(ESC)can be reversed in some cases,while advanced cirrhosis is almost impossible to cure.Advances in quantitative imaging techniques have made it possible to replace the gold standard biopsy method with non-invasive imaging,such as radiomics.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to develop a radiomics model to identify LF and ESC.Methods:Patients with LF(n=108)and ESC(n=116)were enrolled in this study.As a control,patients with healthy livers were involved in the study(n=145).Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)data sets with three b-values(0,400,and 800 s/mm2)of enrolled cases were collected in this study.Then,radiomics features were extracted from manually delineated volumes of interest.Two modeling strategies were performed after univariate analysis and feature selection.Finally,an optimal model was determined by the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve(AUC).Results:The optimal models were built in plan 1.For model 1 in plan 1,the AUCs of the training and validation cohorts were 0.973(95%confidence interval[CI]0.946-1.000)and 0.948(95%CI 0.903-0.993),respectively.For model 2 in plan 1,the AUCs of the training and validation cohorts were 0.944,95%CI 0.905 to 0.983,and 0.968,95%CI 0.940 to 0.996,respectively.Conclusions:Radiomics analysis of DWI images allows for accurate identification of LF and ESC,and the non-invasive biomarkers extracted from the functional DWI images can serve as a better alternative to biopsy.

Exploring atmospheric environmental drivers of asthma among children in Shanghai, China: Evidence-informed policies are required

It is important to identify atmospheric environmental drivers of childhood asthma because asthma is the most common chronic disease in children globally.We provided an overview of the impacts of exposure to atmospheric environmental factors(e.g.,meteorological factors and air pollutants)on childhood asthma,based on a series of studies with the cutting-edge environmental epidemiological methodology in Shanghai,China.Overall,we found that the prevalence of asthma among the children aged 3–7 years had increased by approximately 7 fold,from 2.1%in 1990 to 14.6%in 2019.Most meteorological factors(i.e.daily mean temperature,temperature difference,air pressure,air pressure difference,precipitation,relative humidity,sunshine and wind speed)and air pollutants(PM10,PM2.5,NO2,SO2 and O3)were significantly associated with childhood asthma(p<0.05),but meteorological factors appeared to play more important roles than air pollutants in the occurrence of asthma exacerbations.We also found that temperature variability was significantly associated with the elevated relative risk of daily outpatient visits for childhood asthma(p<0.05).Furthermore,we conducted a systematic review on climate change adaptation measures and childhood asthma and found that there were a number of adaptation measures proposed for childhood asthma in response to climate change,including vulnerability assessment,improving ventilation and heating,enhancing community education,developing forecast models,and early warning systems.However,the effectiveness of most adaptation measures,except for improving ventilation and heating in winter,have not been explored and quantified.Since asthma is sensitive to the variation of atmospheric environmental conditions,it is critical to develop and implement appropriate climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies as global heating becomes apparent.

Predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on radiomics features extracted from T2WI images of parotids

Objective:To explore the value of radiomics features extracted from the T2-weighted imaging(T2WI)images of parotids in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)patients after radiotherapy(RT).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted for 123 NPC patients who received RT at the Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2019 to March 2021.All the patients underwent MRI pre-RT and post-RT.They were randomly divided into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 4:1 using a random number table,with the former and the latter comprising 98 and 25 cases,respectively.The ipsilateral parotid gland(iPG)and the contralateral parotid gland(cPG)were delineated on T2WI images pre-RT and post-RT as regions of interest(ROIs).A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from each ROI.Spearman analysis was used to remove redundant features,and the recursive feature elimination(RFE)method was then used to determine useful features.Using radiomics features extracted from images pre-treatment,images post-treatment,and differences between images pre-and post-treatment,this study constructed three radiomic models,namely the pre-treatment radiomics model(preRT),the post-treatment radiomics model(postRT),and the deltaradiomics model(DeltaRT).Then,this study plotted the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves based on the late radiation-induced xerostomia grades of patients post-RT.Furthermore,the models’effectiveness and performance in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia and advanced radioactive xerostomia was evaluated.In addition,the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,precision,and negative predictive value(NPV)were calculated.Results:Among the features extracted from bilateral parotid glands(PGs),20 were determined pre-RT(six from iPG and 14 from cPG),19 were determined post-RT(six from iPG and 13 from cPG),and 20 were derived from the DeltaRT(20 from cPG).The PGs pre-RT and post-RT in the training set had AUCs of 0.902(95%CI:0.895-0.909)and 0.761(95%CI:0.744-0.778),respectively,while those in the testing set had AUCs of 0.740(95%CI:0.504-0.983)and 0.701(95%CI:0.478-0.924),respectively.In contrast,the AUC of the cPG derived from the DeltaRT was 0.867(95%CI:0.856-0.878)in the training set and 0.851(95%CI:0.697-0.999)in the testing set.Conclusions:There are significant correlations between radiomics features extracted from MRI T2WI images of parotids and late radiation-induced xerostomia in NPC patients.Among the radiomics features,the changes in cPG features pre-RT and post-RT have higher accuracy in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia.

Therapeutic effects of different drugs on obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome in children

Background:This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of different drugs on obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in children by using a network meta-analysis approach.Methods:PubMed,Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from the inception of each database to November 2015.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the comparisons in the therapeutic effects of eight placebo-controlled drugs on OSAHS in children were included in this study.Network meta-analysis combined direct evidence and indirect evidence to evaluate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) of therapeutic effects of eight drugs on OSAHS in children.Results:A total of seven RCTs were finally incorporated into our network meta-analysis.Pairwise meta-analysis results revealed that therapeutic effect of placebo was significantly poorer than that of intranasal mometasone furoate,montelukast,budesonide and fiuticasone concerning apnea hypopnea index (AHI) value [WMD=1.40,95% confidence interval (CI)=1.17-1.63;WMD=2.80,95% CI=1.01-4.59;WMD=3.50,95% CI=3.34-3.66;WMD=7.20,95% CI=5.26-9.14,respectively],and fluticasone is better than placebo concerning sleep efficiency (WMD=3.50,95% CI=2.42-4.58);regarding visual analogue scale,the therapeutic effect of placebo was poorer compared with sucralfate and clindamycin (WMD=1.94,95% CI=1.13-2.75;WMD=I.06,95%CI=0.22-1.90),and sucralfate is better than clindamycin (WMD=-0.88,95% CI=-1.65 to-0.11).However,network meta-analysis results showed no obvious difference in the therapeutic effects of different drugs on OSAHS regarding AHI and sleep efficiency.Furthermore,the best SUCRA value was very high for fluticasone concerning AHI (86.6%) and budesonide concerning sleep efficiency (94.0%) for OSAHS treatment.Conclusion:Fluticasone and budesonide have relatively good effects in the treatment of OSAHS in children,thus providing an important guiding significance for the treatment of OSAHS in children.

Co-editing PINK1 and DJ-1 Genes Via Adeno-Associated Virus-Delivered CRISPR/Cas9 System in Adult Monkey Brain Elicits Classical Parkinsonian Phenotype

Whether direct manipulation of Parkinson’s disease(PD)risk genes in the adult monkey brain can elicit a Parkinsonian phenotype remains an unsolved issue.Here,we used an adeno-associated virus serotype 9(AAV9)-delivered CRISPR/Cas9 system to directly co-edit PINK1 and DJ-1 genes in the substantia nigras(SNs)of two monkey groups:an old group and a middle-aged group.After the operation,the old group exhibited all the classic PD symptoms,including bradykinesia,tremor,and postural instability,accompanied by key pathological hallmarks of PD,such as severe nigral dopaminergic neuron loss(>64%)and evidentα-synuclein pathology in the gene-edited SN.In contrast,the phenotype of their middle-aged counterparts,which also showed clear PD symptoms and pathological hallmarks,were less severe.In addition to the higher final total PD scores and more severe pathological changes,the old group were also more susceptible to gene editing by showing a faster process of PD progression.These results suggested that both genetic and aging factors played important roles in the development of PD in the monkeys.Taken together,this system can effectively develop a large number of genetically-edited PD monkeys in a short time(6–10 months),and thus provides a practical transgenic monkey model for future PD studies.