Secret Codes of Scale Distribution of Different Matter Stratums from Planck Scale to the Sun-Scale, Proof of Anthropic Principle and Different Stratum Sciences

This paper discovers the secret codes of the scale distribution from Planck scale to the Sun-scale by using Planck length derived from three fundamental physics constants, i.e., gravitation constant G, light speed c and Plank constant, and starting from the global consideration of treating the whole universe as a well unified entity in all scales. According to this symmetric scale distribution law of different scale regions: (a) we naturally give a possibility overcoming the difficulty of the desert effect between the grand unification scale and electroweak unification scale relevant to quarks and leptons, and it is really surprising to discover that the scales of quarks & electrons, protons & neutrons and atoms again all sequentially locate at the predicted points of the scale space;(b) we closely uncover the scale of the cells, which is the basic unit constructing the human bodies;(c) even the average height of human being is naturally deduced;(d) further, it is very surprising that the scales of the celestial bodies tightly related to us human beings, including the earth and the sun, also exactly fall at the predicted points in scale space in order. Therefore, all these scales with 105n cm order (n = 0, 1, 2, …, 9) above just give a proof of very key anthropic principle for whole mankind (which just makes the anthropic principle be reduced as anthropic theorem), i.e., matter stratums (a) and (b) are inorganic and organic bases of constructing human being respectively;matter stratum (c) is just human being;matter stratums (d) are the living environments of human being. Namely, everything is for or relevant to the existence of human being. Consequently, the experimentally checked scale ladder of well-known matter levels just coincides with the scale ladder predicted by the deduced distribution law. From Planck scale to the Sun scale, people may systematically build up the exact scientific theories corresponding ten matter stratums, may set up the different sciences among the different cross stratums, further, can systematically understand all the different sciences and their relations in the deepest way up to now.

A Class of Rumor Spreading Models with Population Dynamics

Based on the characteristics of rumor spreading in online social networks, this paper proposes a new rumor spreading model. This is an improved SIS rumor spreading model in online social networks that combines the transmission dynamics and population dynamics with consideration of the impact of both of the changing number of online social network users and different levels of user activity. We numerically simulate the rumor spreading process. The results of numerical simulation show that the improved SIS model can successfully characterize the rumor spreading behavior in online social networks. We also give the effective strategies of curbing the rumor spreading in online social networks.

Some new symmetric relations of quark masses andprediction of fourth-generation quark masses

In this study, we discover a mass space defined by generalized Koide relations, named here as k-relations, and achieve some new symmetric relations. These relations can be further used to predict the fourth-generation quark masses in terms of dilation magnitude and angular rotation ratios in the general mass space. Thus far, no theory has been proposed that can constrain the number of generations of quarks; this theory naturally limits the number of generations of quarks.