Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPases) were found to be induced in Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04, and cytidine and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) were the best inducers. Five mmol/L to fifteen mmol/L cytidine or CMP cou...Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPases) were found to be induced in Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04, and cytidine and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) were the best inducers. Five mmol/L to fifteen mmol/L cytidine or CMP could distinctly increase the activities of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase), uridine phosphorylase (UPase) and thymidine phosphorylase (TPase) when they were added into medium from 0 to 8 h. In the process of enzymatic synthesis of adenine arabinoside from adenine and uracil arabinoside with wet cells of Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04 induced by cytidine or CMP, the reaction time could be shortened from 36 to 6 h. After enzymatic reaction the activity of NPase in the cells induced remained higher than that in the cells uninduced.展开更多
Background：Pneumomediastinum （PM） secondary to foreign body aspiration （FBA） is rare in children.Although it is mainly benign,some cases may be fatal.Due to the rare nature of this clinical entity,proper assessme...Background：Pneumomediastinum （PM） secondary to foreign body aspiration （FBA） is rare in children.Although it is mainly benign,some cases may be fatal.Due to the rare nature of this clinical entity,proper assessment and management have been poorly studied so far.Here,we characterized the presentation and management of this clinical entity and provided an evaluation system for the management.Methods：We retrospectively reviewed children with PM secondary to FBA,who were treated in Beijing Children＇s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015.All patients were stratified according to the degree of dyspnea on admission,and interventions were given accordingly.Bronchoscopic removals of airway foreign bodies （FBs） were performed on all patients.For patients in acute respiratory distress,emergent air evacuation and/or resuscitations were performed first.Admission data,interventions,and clinical outcomes were recorded.Results：A total of 39 patients were included in this study.The clinical severity was divided into three grades （Grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ） according to the degree of dyspnea.Thirty-one patients were in Grade Ⅰ dyspnea,and they simply underwent bronchoscopic FBs removals.PM resolved spontaneously and all patients recovered uneventfully.Six patients were in Grade Ⅱ dyspnea,and emergent drainage preceded rigid bronchoscopy.They all recovered uneventfully under close observation.Two exhausted patients were in Grade Ⅲ dyspnea.They died from large PM and bilateral pneumothorax,respectively,despite of aggressive interventions in our hospital.Conclusions：PM secondary to FBA could be life-threatening in some patients.The degree of dyspnea should be evaluated immediately,and patients in different dyspnea should be treated accordingly.For patients in Grade Ⅰ dyspnea,simple bronchoscopic FBs removals could promise a good outcome.For patients in Grade Ⅱ dyspnea,emergent air evacuation and/or resuscitation should precede a bronchoscopy before the children become exhausted.展开更多
基金Project (No. 07C26213101283) supported by the Innovation Fundfor Technology Based Firms from the Ministry of Science andTechnology of China
文摘Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPases) were found to be induced in Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04, and cytidine and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) were the best inducers. Five mmol/L to fifteen mmol/L cytidine or CMP could distinctly increase the activities of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase), uridine phosphorylase (UPase) and thymidine phosphorylase (TPase) when they were added into medium from 0 to 8 h. In the process of enzymatic synthesis of adenine arabinoside from adenine and uracil arabinoside with wet cells of Enterobacter aerogenes DGO-04 induced by cytidine or CMP, the reaction time could be shortened from 36 to 6 h. After enzymatic reaction the activity of NPase in the cells induced remained higher than that in the cells uninduced.
文摘Background：Pneumomediastinum （PM） secondary to foreign body aspiration （FBA） is rare in children.Although it is mainly benign,some cases may be fatal.Due to the rare nature of this clinical entity,proper assessment and management have been poorly studied so far.Here,we characterized the presentation and management of this clinical entity and provided an evaluation system for the management.Methods：We retrospectively reviewed children with PM secondary to FBA,who were treated in Beijing Children＇s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015.All patients were stratified according to the degree of dyspnea on admission,and interventions were given accordingly.Bronchoscopic removals of airway foreign bodies （FBs） were performed on all patients.For patients in acute respiratory distress,emergent air evacuation and/or resuscitations were performed first.Admission data,interventions,and clinical outcomes were recorded.Results：A total of 39 patients were included in this study.The clinical severity was divided into three grades （Grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ） according to the degree of dyspnea.Thirty-one patients were in Grade Ⅰ dyspnea,and they simply underwent bronchoscopic FBs removals.PM resolved spontaneously and all patients recovered uneventfully.Six patients were in Grade Ⅱ dyspnea,and emergent drainage preceded rigid bronchoscopy.They all recovered uneventfully under close observation.Two exhausted patients were in Grade Ⅲ dyspnea.They died from large PM and bilateral pneumothorax,respectively,despite of aggressive interventions in our hospital.Conclusions：PM secondary to FBA could be life-threatening in some patients.The degree of dyspnea should be evaluated immediately,and patients in different dyspnea should be treated accordingly.For patients in Grade Ⅰ dyspnea,simple bronchoscopic FBs removals could promise a good outcome.For patients in Grade Ⅱ dyspnea,emergent air evacuation and/or resuscitation should precede a bronchoscopy before the children become exhausted.
