区域神经阻滞在乳腺癌术后镇痛中的应用研究进展

25%~60%的乳腺癌患者手术治疗后可出现剧烈疼痛,这种疼痛增加患者呼吸、心血管系统的相关并发症,也可致患者出现失眠、焦虑、恐惧等情绪障碍,严重影响患者的术后康复。术后静脉注射镇痛药物虽然可以缓解患者疼痛,但同时易导致患者出现恶心、呕吐、呼吸抑制等不良反应。区域神经阻滞不仅有满意的术后镇痛,减少术后并发症的发生,更具有操作简便、安全性高等优点。该文就乳腺癌术后镇痛相关的区域神经阻滞技术进行综述,以期为临床提供参考。

辅助技术在治疗白内障合并角膜混浊手术中的应用

目的:评价在白内障手术中应用包括囊膜染色、虹膜拉钩、虹膜切除等辅助技术治疗白内障合并角膜混浊患眼的术后视觉效果,并分析手术安全性和有效性。方法:回顾收集2014-01/2019-03在新疆军区总医院全军眼科中心接受白内障超声乳化合并人工晶状体植入术的白内障合并角膜混浊患者105例105眼,所有患者接受白内障超声乳化摘除并人工晶状体植入术。术中应用台盼蓝囊膜染色剂,并观察前囊膜染色情况,连续环形撕囊成功率,晶状体后囊破裂及人工晶状体囊袋内植入情况。并于术后1d,1wk,1、3mo对患者进行随访,观察术中撕囊成功率,术前、术后的最佳矫正视力(BCVA,LogMAR),术后并发症等。结果:患者均接受白内障超声乳化吸除合并人工晶状体植入术。术中通过应用台盼蓝囊膜染色剂(台盼蓝)染色前囊膜辅助成功完成所有连续环形撕囊,并采取了包括应用虹膜拉钩及虹膜切开术等其他措施。将可折叠式人工晶状体植入105眼。术后追踪观察3mo,术眼术后BCVA为0.82±0.10,与术前BCVA(3.12±0.14)比较有差异(t=174.893,P<0.01)。结论:白内障超声乳化摘除术能使白内障合并角膜混浊患者的视力得到安全有效的提高。辅助技术如囊膜染色、虹膜拉钩、虹膜切除等的应用,能有效降低白内障合并角膜混浊患者的白内障手术风险,提高手术安全性,增加手术成功率。

Effect of trimebutine in combined with alprazolam on the gastrointestinal hormones in patients with diarrhea-type IBS

Objective: To explore the effect of trimebutine in combined with alprazolam on the gastrointestinal hormones and living quality in patients with diarrhea-type IBS (IBS-D). Methods: A total of 117 patients with IBS-D who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and randomized into the control group (n=58) and the treatment group (n=59). The patients in the control group were given trimebutine;while the patients in the treatment group were given trimebutine in combined with alprazolam. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for 4 weeks. The levels of gastrointestinal hormones and brain-gut peptide before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared. SF-36 was used to analyze the living quality before and after treatment in the two groups. Results: MOT;GAS;SP;and 5-HT levels after treatment in the two groups were significantly reduced;while VIP;SS;CCK;and CGRP levels and SF-36 score in each dimension were significantly elevated;and the comparison between the two groups was statistically significant. Conclusions:Trimebutine in combined with alprazolam in the treatment of IBS-D can significantly improve the gastrointestinal hormones and brain-gut peptide;and enhance the living quality;with a significant efficacy.

Association of changes in waist circumference with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among the elderly Chinese population: a retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND To examine the association of baseline waist circumference(WC)and changes in WC with cardiovascular disease(CVD)and all-cause mortality among elderly people.METHODS A total of 30,041 eligible participants were included from a retrospective cohort in China.The same questionnaire,anthropometric and laboratory measurements were performed at baseline(2010)and the first follow-up(2013).The percent change in WC between baseline and the first follow-up was calculated to evaluate three years change of WC.We collected the occurrence of CVD and all-cause death from the first follow-up to December 31,2018.Restricted cubic splines and Cox proportionalhazards regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between baseline WC/changes in WC and mortality.RESULTS The dose-response relationships between baseline WC and CVD mortality were U-or J-shaped.In low WC group,compared with stable group,the fully adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)for CVD mortality was 1.60(95%CI:1.24−2.06)in WC gain group among men.In normal WC group,the CVD mortality risk increased with WC gain(men:aHR=1.86,95%CI:1.36−2.56;women:aHR=1.83,95%CI:1.29−2.58).In moderate-high WC group,the CVD mortality risk increased with WC gain(men:aHR=1.76,95%CI:1.08−2.88;women:aHR=1.46,95%CI:1.04−2.05)and risk decreased with WC loss(men:aHR=0.54,95%CI:0.30−0.98;women:aHR=0.59,95%CI:0.37−0.96).CONCLUSIONS For the elderly population,WC gain may increase CVD mortality risk regardless of baseline WC,whereas WC reduction could decrease the risk only in the moderate-high WC group.

Effect of anneal temperature on electrical and optical properties of SnS:Ag thin films

SnS and Ag films were deposited on glass sub-strates by vacuum thermal evaporation tech-nique successively, and then the films were annealed at different temperatures (0-300℃) in N2 atmosphere for 2h in order to obtain sil-ver-doped SnS ( SnS:Ag ) films. The phases of SnS:Ag films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) system, which indicated that the films were polycrystalline SnS with orthogonal struc-ture, and the crystallites in the films were ex-clusively oriented along the(111)direction. With the increase of the annealing temperature, the carrier concentration and mobility of the films first rose and then dropped, whereas their re-sistivity and direct band gap Eg showed the contrary trend. At the annealing temperature of 260℃, the SnS:Ag films had the best properties: the direct bandgap was 1.3 eV, the carrier con-centration was up to 1.132 × 1017 cm-3, and the resistivity was about 3.1 Ωcm.

Participant attack on the deterministic measurement-device-independent quantum secret sharing protocol

In a recent article[Gao et al.,Sci.China-Phys.Mech.Astron.63,120311(2020)],a two-receiver measurement-deviceindependent quantum secret sharing(MDI-QSS)protocol was presented.It was proven to be secure against eavesdropping and generalized to the multireceiver case.However,the participant attack is a fatal threat to QSS protocols.Here,we highlight that a dishonest participant can obtain a sender’s secret message alone without introducing any detectable error,evidencing the vulnerability of the MDI-QSS protocol to the participant attack.