Zircon U-Pb age of Fengxian acid pyroclastic rocks and its enlightenment to the existence of Pan-African orogeny in the West Qinling Orogenic Belt, China

1.Objective The formation of East Gondwana and its combination with West Gondwana is a result of a series of complex orogenic events,known as Pan-African orogeny.The Northern Qinling Mountain is a microcontinent that formed on the ancient oceanic crust in the northern of Yangtze craton before Neoproterozoic.It is likely that the North Qinling,even the Yangtze craton and its surrounding oceanic crust belong to the ancient Gondwana tectonic domain and be a part of East Gondwana supercontinent(Chen Q,2007).

Expression and clinical significance of UCH-L3 and HIF-1α in breast benign and malignant lesions

Objective:To investigate the expression of UCH-L3 and HIF-1αin breast cancer,cancer adjacent tissues and benign lesions and their relationships with the clinicopathological characteristics.Methods:Immunohistochemistry(IHC)method was used to detect the expression of UCH-L3 and HIF-1ɑin 99 cases with breast cancer,38 cases with cancer adjacent tissues and 29 cases with benign lesions.Results:(1)The positive expression rate of UCH-L3 in breast cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in the cancer adjacent tissues,and the expression intensity was significantly weaker than that in cancer adjacent tissues and benign lesion tissue(P<0.05).(2)The basal cell like subtype was significantly lower than that of luminal A subtype(P<0.05).(3)The expression intensity of UCH-L3 in breast cancer was positively correlated with ER and PR expression(P<0.05).(4)The nuclear expression rate of HIF-1αin the breast cancer was significantly higher than that in the cancer adjacent tissues and benign lesions.In luminal typing,the nuclear expression rate of HIF-1αin the HER2 overexpression subtype and basal cell like subtype was significantly higher than that of luminal A and B;The intensity of nuclear expression was positively correlated with Ki-67 expression proportion and histological grade,and negatively correlated with ER and PR protein expression(P<0.05).(5)The rate of HIF-1αcytoplasmic expression in the breast cancer was significantly higher than that in the cancer adjacent tissues.According to the Luminal Type,the basal cell like subtype was significantly lower than that in luminal A/B and HER2 overexpression subtype.The expression intensity was negatively correlated with Ki-67 and histological grade,and positively correlated with ER,PR and UCH-L3 expression intensity(P<0.05).Conclusions:Lost expression of UCH-L3 and overexpression of HIF-1αmight play a role in the oncogenesis and the development of breast cancer.The transformation of HIF-1αfrom cytoplasm into nucleus indicates the malignant evolution of tumor.UCH-L3 and HIF-1αhave certain value in the prognosis evaluation of breast cancer.To increase the expression of UCHL3 and to prevent the migration of HIF-1αfrom cytoplasm to nucleus may be helpful for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer,especially for basal cell like breast cancer.