Plants have evolved regulatory mechanisms at multiple levels to regulate gene expression in order to improve their cold adaptability.However,limited information is available regarding the stress response at the chroma...Plants have evolved regulatory mechanisms at multiple levels to regulate gene expression in order to improve their cold adaptability.However,limited information is available regarding the stress response at the chromatin and translational levels.Here,we characterize the chromatin accessibility,transcriptional,and translational landscapes of tea plants in vivo under chilling stress for the first time.Chilling stress signi ficantly affected both the transcription and translation levels as well as the translation efficiency of tea plants.A total of 3010 genes that underwent rapid and independent translation under chilling stress were observed,and they were signi ficantly enriched in the photosynthesis-antenna protein and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways.A set of genes that were signi ficantly responsive to cold at the transcription and translation levels,including four(+)-neomenthol dehydrogenases(MNDs)and two(E)-nerolidol synthases(NESs)arranged in tandem on the chromosomes,were also found.We detected potential upstream open reading frames(uORFs)on 3082 genes and found that tea plants may inhibit the overall expression of genes by enhancing the translation of uORFs under chilling stress.In addition,we identi fied distal transposase hypersensitive sites(THSs)and proximal THSs and constructed a transcriptional regulatory network for tea plants under chilling stress.We also identi fied 13 high-con fidence transcription factors(TFs)that may play a crucial role in cold regulation.These results provide valuable information regarding the potential transcriptional regulatory network in plants and help to clarify how plants exhibit flexible responses to chilling stress.展开更多
In this paper,microstructure characteristics and phase transitions of Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy are comprehensively studied during the mechanical alloying and hot pressing sintering processes.Corrosion...In this paper,microstructure characteristics and phase transitions of Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy are comprehensively studied during the mechanical alloying and hot pressing sintering processes.Corrosion resistance of the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy samples is further analyzed.During the mechanical alloying process,Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy powders mainly composed of metastable ferrite phase are obtained after mechanical alloying for 8,16 and 24 h,respectively.In the subsequent hot pressing sintering process,the phase transitions(from ferrite to austenite)occur from 650 to 750°C for Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy powders milled for 24 h.When the sintering temperature is raised to 1050°C for 1 h,the ferrite phase has transformed into austenite phase completely,and the obtained grain size of sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy is around 40 nm.Electrochemistry test of the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy has been operated in 0.5 mol L^(-1) H_(2)SO_(4) solution to show the corrosion resistance properties.Results show that the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance,which is proved by higher self-corrosion potential,lower self-corrosion current density and larger capacitive reactance,compared with that of commercial 304 stainless steel.展开更多
基金the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Project for Technological Innovation of Tea Industry Chain and Service System Construction,the Fujian Province“2011 Collaborative Innovation Center”the Chinese Oolong Tea In dustry Innovati on Center special project(J2015-75)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(324-1122yb060)the Scientific Research Foundation of Horticulture College of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(2018B02).
文摘Plants have evolved regulatory mechanisms at multiple levels to regulate gene expression in order to improve their cold adaptability.However,limited information is available regarding the stress response at the chromatin and translational levels.Here,we characterize the chromatin accessibility,transcriptional,and translational landscapes of tea plants in vivo under chilling stress for the first time.Chilling stress signi ficantly affected both the transcription and translation levels as well as the translation efficiency of tea plants.A total of 3010 genes that underwent rapid and independent translation under chilling stress were observed,and they were signi ficantly enriched in the photosynthesis-antenna protein and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways.A set of genes that were signi ficantly responsive to cold at the transcription and translation levels,including four(+)-neomenthol dehydrogenases(MNDs)and two(E)-nerolidol synthases(NESs)arranged in tandem on the chromosomes,were also found.We detected potential upstream open reading frames(uORFs)on 3082 genes and found that tea plants may inhibit the overall expression of genes by enhancing the translation of uORFs under chilling stress.In addition,we identi fied distal transposase hypersensitive sites(THSs)and proximal THSs and constructed a transcriptional regulatory network for tea plants under chilling stress.We also identi fied 13 high-con fidence transcription factors(TFs)that may play a crucial role in cold regulation.These results provide valuable information regarding the potential transcriptional regulatory network in plants and help to clarify how plants exhibit flexible responses to chilling stress.
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51271143 and 51705391)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Key and Shaanxi creative talents promotion plan-technological innovation team (No. 2017KCT-05)the Project of equipment pre-research field fund (No. 6140922010301)。
文摘In this paper,microstructure characteristics and phase transitions of Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy are comprehensively studied during the mechanical alloying and hot pressing sintering processes.Corrosion resistance of the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy samples is further analyzed.During the mechanical alloying process,Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy powders mainly composed of metastable ferrite phase are obtained after mechanical alloying for 8,16 and 24 h,respectively.In the subsequent hot pressing sintering process,the phase transitions(from ferrite to austenite)occur from 650 to 750°C for Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy powders milled for 24 h.When the sintering temperature is raised to 1050°C for 1 h,the ferrite phase has transformed into austenite phase completely,and the obtained grain size of sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy is around 40 nm.Electrochemistry test of the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy has been operated in 0.5 mol L^(-1) H_(2)SO_(4) solution to show the corrosion resistance properties.Results show that the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance,which is proved by higher self-corrosion potential,lower self-corrosion current density and larger capacitive reactance,compared with that of commercial 304 stainless steel.
