Recent progress of efficient utilization of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag

Titanium-bearing blast furnace slag(BFS)has valuable compositions and potential environmental hazardousness.Thus,developing efficient and green approaches to utilize BFS is highly desired for resource economization and environmental protection.In the past decades,many attempts have been adopted to reuse BFS efficiently,and significant advances in understanding the fundamental features and the development of efficient approaches have been achieved.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest progress on the efficient utilization of BFS and discusses the mechanism and characteristics of various approaches,along with their application prospects.In particular,the extraction and enrichment of titanium-bearing phases from BFS are highlighted because of the high availability of titanium resources.This systemic and comprehensive review may benefit the design of new and green utilization routes with high efficiency and low cost.

Zircon saturation model in silicate melts:a review and update

Zircon stability in silicate melts-which can be quantitatively constrained by laboratory measurements of zircon saturation-is important for understanding the evolution of magma.Although the original zircon saturation model proposed by Watson and Harrison(Earth Planet Sci Lett 64(2):295-304,1983) is widely cited and has been updated recently,the three main models currently in use may generate large uncertainties due to extrapolation beyond their respective calibrated ranges.This paper reviews and updates zircon saturation models developed with temperature and compositional parameters.All available data on zircon saturation ranging in composition from mafic to silicic(and/or peralkaline to peraluminous)at temperatures from 750 to 1400℃ were collected to develop two refined models(1 and 2) that may be applied to the wider range of compositions.Model 1 is given by lnCZr(melt)=(14.297±0.308)+(0.964 ± 0.066).M-(11113±374)/r,and model 2 given by lnCZr(melt)=(18.99±0.423)-(1.069±0.102)·lnG-(12288±593)/T,where CZr(melt) is the Zr concentration of the melt in ppm and parameters M [=(Na+K+2 Ca)/(Al·Si)](cation ratios) and G [=(3·Al2 O3+SiO2)/(Na2-O+K2 O+CaO+MgO+FeO)](molar proportions)represent the melt composition.The errors are at one sigma,and T is the temperature in Kelvin.Before applying these models to natural rocks,it is necessary to ensure that the zircon used to date is crystallized from the host magmatic rock.Assessment of the application of both new and old models to natural rocks suggests that model 1 may be the best for magmatic temperature estimates of metaluminous to peraluminous rocks and that model 2 may be the best for estimating magmatic temperatures of alkaline to peralkaline rocks.

Permian-Triassic Magmatism in the Qin-Fang Tectonic Belt,SW China:New Insights into Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Paleo-Tethys

The granites of ambiguous geodynamic mechanism in the Qin-Fang tectonic belt(SW China)were studied in detail based on petrological,element geochemical,zircon U-Pb geochronological,and Hf isotopic data.LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses on zircon yield ages of 248-245 Ma for the granites from the Qin-Fang tectonic belt.The geochemical data show that they are high-K,calc-alkaline,and peraluminous series.Their ε_(Hf)(t)values are from -14.01 to -7.75 with two-stage model ages of 1.74-1.43 Ga.These data,integrated with low Al_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2),Rb/Sr,Rb/Ba,and(Na_(2)O+K_(2)O)/(FeO^(T)+MgO+TiO_(2))ratios,and high CaO/Na_(2)O ratios for the granite,suggest an origin from psammite source which was contaminated by mantle-derived components.These observations,in combination with the age data and stratigraphic records in the Jinshajiang,Ailaoshan,and Hainan Island areas suggest that the granites were formed in a post-collision tectonic setting.The Qin-Fang tectonic belt was likely a branched ocean basin of the eastern Paleo-Tethys.