Aerosol observational data for 2012 obtained from Dunhuang Station of CARE-China（Campaign on Atmospheric Aerosol Research Network of China） were analyzed to achieve in-depth knowledge of aerosol optical properties o...Aerosol observational data for 2012 obtained from Dunhuang Station of CARE-China（Campaign on Atmospheric Aerosol Research Network of China） were analyzed to achieve in-depth knowledge of aerosol optical properties over Dunhuang region. The results showed that the annual average aerosol optical depth（AOD） at 500 nm was 0.32 ± 0.06, and the ？ngstr？m exponent（α） was 0.73 ± 0.27. Aerosol optical properties revealed significant seasonal characteristics. Frequent sandstorms in MAM（March–April–May） resulted in the seasonal maximum AOD, 0.41 ± 0.04, and a relatively smaller αvalue, 0.44 ± 0.04. The tourism seasons, JJA（June–July–August） and SON（September–October–November） coincide with serious emissions of small anthropogenic aerosols. While in DJF（December–January–February）, the composition of the atmosphere was a mixture of dust particles and polluted aerosols released by domestic heating; the average AOD and αwere 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.66 ± 0.17, respectively. Different air masses exhibited different degrees of influence on the aerosol concentration over Dunhuang in different seasons. During MAM, ranges of AOD（0.11–1.18） and α（0.06–0.82） were the largest under the dust influence of northwest-short-distance air mass in the four trajectories. Urban aerosols transported by northwest-short-distance air mass accounted for a very large proportion in JJA and the mixed aerosols observed in SON were mainly conveyed by air masses from the west. In DJF, the similar ranges of AOD and α under the three air mass demonstrated the analogous diffusion effects on regional pollutants over Dunhuang.展开更多
The fractal properties of sea clutter are proposed and applied to the maritime target detection. Calculation of the measured data shows that, the Hurst exponent of the sea clutter with targets and the sea clutter with...The fractal properties of sea clutter are proposed and applied to the maritime target detection. Calculation of the measured data shows that, the Hurst exponent of the sea clutter with targets and the sea clutter without targets are different, which enables us to detect low-observable targets within the sea clutter. This paper explains the reason why the Hurst exponent can distinguish the presence or absence of targets in theory and proposes a fractal detector based on the Hurst exponent. Comparing the fractal detector proposed in this paper to the energy detector by the detection results of 140 frames data of the real sea clutter, it is demonstrated that the fractal detection method has a better detection performance. In order to get systemic conclusions, the new sea clutter data with different signal-to-clutter ratios (SCRs) are constructed in the way that add the sea clutter data with targets to the pure sea clutter data. The results show that the fractal detection method has a better performance than the statistical method on detection of maritime targets, especially maritime weak targets with low SCR. ? 1990-2011 Beijing Institute of Aerospace Information.展开更多
Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers'extensive attention recently,but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported.Here,we recommended a green a...Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers'extensive attention recently,but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported.Here,we recommended a green and convenient strategy for the fabrication of porous material via aqueous foam templates,which was synergistically stabilized by Codonopsis pilosula(CP)and clay minerals of attapulgite(APT).The characterization results revealed that the APT was modified by organic molecules leached from CP and anchored at the air-water interface,which improved the foam stability significantly.The novel porous material of polyacrylamide/Codonopsis pilosula/attapulgite(PAM/CP/APT)templated from the aqueous foam via a polymerization reaction had excellent adsorption capacity for the cationic dyes methyl violet(MV)and methylene blue(MB),and the adsorption capacity can reach 755.85 mg/g and557.64 mg/g,respectively.More importantly,the adsorption capacity of spent adsorbent material was still over 200 mg/g after being recycled five times through a simple carbonization process,and then it was added to the plant pot,the total biomass was increased by about86.42%.This study provided a green and sustainable pathway for the preparation,application and subsequent processing of porous materials.展开更多
The water-based foam stabilized by the natural surfactant applied in the fabrication of porous materials has attracted extensive attention,as the advantages of cleanness,convenience and low cost.Particularly,the devel...The water-based foam stabilized by the natural surfactant applied in the fabrication of porous materials has attracted extensive attention,as the advantages of cleanness,convenience and low cost.Particularly,the development of a green preparation method has became themain research focus and frontier.In thiswork,a green liquid foamwith high stability was prepared by synergistic stabilization of natural plant astragalus membranaceus(AMS)and attapulgite(APT),and then a novel porous material with sufficient hierarchical pore structure was templated from the foam via a simple free radical polymerization of acrylamide(AM).The characterization results revealed that the amphiphilic molecules from AMS adsorbed onto thewater-air interface and formed a protective shell to prevent the bubble breakup,and APT gathered in the plateau border and formed a three-dimensional network structure,which greatly slowed down the drainage rate.The porous material polyacrylamide/astragalus membranaceus/attapulgite(PAM/AMS/APT)showed the excellent adsorption performance for cationic dyes of Methyl Violet(MV)and Methylene Blue(MB)in water,and the maximum adsorption capacity could reach to 709.13 and 703.30 mg/g,respectively.Furthermore,the polymer material enabled to regenerate and cycle via a convenient calcination process,and the adsorption capacitywas still higher than 200 mg/g after five cycles.In short,this research provided a new idea for the green preparation of porous materials and the treatment of water pollution.展开更多
Porous materials as emerging potential adsorbents have received much more attention because they are capable of capturing various pollutants with fast adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity, good selectivity and ex...Porous materials as emerging potential adsorbents have received much more attention because they are capable of capturing various pollutants with fast adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity, good selectivity and excellent reusability.In order to prepare porous materials with decent porous structure, Pickering emulsion template method has been proved to be one of the most effective technologies to create pore structure.This paper reviewed comprehensively the latest research progress on the preparation of porous materials from various Pickering emulsions and their applications in the decontamination of pollutants(e.g., heavy metal ions, organic pollutants) and in the oil/water separation.It was expected that the summaries and discussions in this review will provide insights into the design and fabrication of new efficient porous adsorbents, and also give us a better understanding of the subject.展开更多
The multi-stage geological evolution and extensive continental deformations during the course of its history make the Central Asian metallogenic region（CAMR） a unique and complicated large-scale metal domain. New ge...The multi-stage geological evolution and extensive continental deformations during the course of its history make the Central Asian metallogenic region（CAMR） a unique and complicated large-scale metal domain. New geological observations and precise age-data allow an improved reconstruction of the geological evolution of the CAMR. This paper summarizes the Paleozoic orogenic evolution and related ore formation in the core part of the CAMR based on the geological data published both during the Soviet period and the last decades. Four ore-formation provinces（Altay, BalkhashJunggar, Chu-Yili-Tianshan, and Southwest Tianshan） could be classified. The Balkhash-Junggar and Chu-Yili-Tianshan provinces are the major topics of this paper. The Balkhash-Junggar province consists of 4 huge ore-forming belts（Zharma-Saur, Tarbahtay-Xiemistay, Aktogay-Baerluke, Balkhashwestern Junggar） with 11 large ore-college areas. The Chu-Yili-Tianshan province consists of 4 huge ore-forming belts（Alatau-Sairimu, Chu-Yili-Bolehuole, Issyk-Awulale, Kazharman-Nalaty） with 22 large ore-college areas. Formation of large ore-college area corresponds to a specific stage of continental crust growth. Comparison of geology and ore deposits in the CAMR provides rich information for future exploration and understanding of ore-forming processes. The Paleo-Junggar Ocean closed at Early Devonian in the Balkhash-western Junggar ore-forming belt. Afterwards, widespread volcanic- sedimentary rocks formed at extensional stage due to delamination of the thick lower crust formed during previous accretionary processes. Felsic magma intrusion caused formation of porphyry Cu-Au deposit at ~310 Ma and related hydrothermal gold deposits about 10 Ma later. For example, in the Hatu-Baobei-Sartohay Au-Cr ore-college area in the Balkhash-western Junggar ore-forming belt, small granitic to diorite plutons and various dykes（312–277 Ma） and large granite bodies（~300 Ma） intruded into the Devonian to Early Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary basin. These magmatic activities and fault systems mainly controlled ore-forming processes.展开更多
In this study,we provide an overview of recent advances in multisensor multitarget tracking based on the random finite set(RFS)approach.The fusion that plays a fundamental role in multisensor filtering is classified i...In this study,we provide an overview of recent advances in multisensor multitarget tracking based on the random finite set(RFS)approach.The fusion that plays a fundamental role in multisensor filtering is classified into data-level multitarget measurement fusion and estimate-level multitarget density fusion,which share and fuse local measurements and posterior densities between sensors,respectively.Important properties of each fusion rule including the optimality and sub-optimality are presented.In particulax,two robust multitarget density-averaging approaches,arithmetic-and geometric-average fusion,are addressed in detail for various RFSs.Relevant research topics and remaining challenges are highlighted.展开更多
A synthesis involving the data for the Nalati mountain region（NMR） in west Tianshan with a dataset including zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopic composition, major and trace elements of Paleozoic intrusions are presented ...A synthesis involving the data for the Nalati mountain region（NMR） in west Tianshan with a dataset including zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopic composition, major and trace elements of Paleozoic intrusions are presented to improve the understanding of regional geodynamic evolution. Paleozoic intrusive rocks in the NMR could be classified into four categories based on chronological and geochemical data： 480？5 Ma, 445–410 Ma, 345–320 Ma, and 295 Ma, which correspond to（1） closure of the Terskey Ocean and the opening of the south Tianshan back-arc basin, which was followed with the opening of the south Tianshan Ocean,（2） initial subduction of the south Tianshan oceanic crust,（3） major subduction stage, and（4） collision to post-collisional stage, respectively. Following the closure of the Terskey Ocean, the south Tianshan Ocean opened at Early Silurian and subducted under Yili-central Tianshan by the end of Early Carboniferous Period. The following breakoff of the subducted slab triggered partial melting of continental crust and formed voluminous granitic rocks in the NMR.展开更多
Kapok fiber corresponds to the seed hairs of the kapok tree（Ceiba pentandra）, and is a typical cellulosic fiber with the features of thin cell wall, large lumen, low density and hydrophobic–oleophilic properties. A...Kapok fiber corresponds to the seed hairs of the kapok tree（Ceiba pentandra）, and is a typical cellulosic fiber with the features of thin cell wall, large lumen, low density and hydrophobic–oleophilic properties. As a type of renewable natural plant fiber, kapok fiber is abundant,biocompatible and biodegradable, and its full exploration and potential application have received increasing attention in both academic and industrial fields. Based on the structure and properties of kapok fiber, this review provides a summary of recent research on kapok fiber including chemical and physical treatments, kapok fiber-based composite materials, and the application of kapok fiber as an absorbent material for oils, metal ions, dyes, and sound,with special attention to its use as an oil-absorbing material, one predominant application of kapok fiber in the coming future.展开更多
The aqueous foam template without any solvent and only using the particles stabilizer has attracted much attention for preparation of the porous adsorbents.Herein,a novel porous adsorbent was fabricated via thermal-in...The aqueous foam template without any solvent and only using the particles stabilizer has attracted much attention for preparation of the porous adsorbents.Herein,a novel porous adsorbent was fabricated via thermal-initiated polymerization of Pickering aqueous foams,which was stabilized by the natural sepiolite(Sep)and pine pollen,and utilized for the removal of antibiotic from aqueous solution.The stabilizing mechanism of Pickering aqueous foam of that the Sep was modified with the leaching substance from pine pollen and arranged orderly around the bubble to form a dense"shell"structure was revealed.The adsorbents possessed the hierarchical porous structure and excellent adsorption performance for antibiotic of chlorotetracycline hydrochloride(CTC)and tetracycline hydrochloride(TC).The equilibrium adsorption capacities of CTC and TC were achieved with 465.59 and 330.59 mg/g within 60 min at 25℃,respectively.The adsorption process obeyed Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model.This work provided eco-friendly approach for fabricate porous adsorbents for wastewater treatment.展开更多
Spherical porous materials prepared from the emulsion template used in the water treatment have displayed a vast prospect, as the high surface area, abundant porous structure, convenient operation and excellent adsorp...Spherical porous materials prepared from the emulsion template used in the water treatment have displayed a vast prospect, as the high surface area, abundant porous structure, convenient operation and excellent adsorption performance. But the tedious fabrication process, high consumption of organic solvent and surfactant limited the application widely. Herein, a facile and eco-friendly spherical porous adsorbent(SPA) is fabricated from the green surfactant-free(corn oil)-in-water Pickering medium internal phase emulsions(Pickering MIPEs) via the convenient ion crosslinking procedure. The Pickering MIPEs synergistically stabilized with the semi-coke(SC), which is the natural particle produced from the shale oil distillation, and sodium alginate(SA) has excellent storage and anti-coalescence stability. The as-prepared porous adsorbent possessed the abundant pore structure, which provided favorable conditions for effective mass transfer in adsorption, and could be tuned by varying the SA dosage. The saturation adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and Cd(II) can be achieved with 460.54 and 278.77 mg/g within 45 min at 25 ℃, respectively. Overall, this study supplied a viable and eco-friendly route for fabricating the spherical porous adsorbent with a tunable porous structure for heavy metal ion wastewater.展开更多
Porous materials as emerging high-efficiency adsorbents have attracted increasing attention in recent years,due to the high specific surface area,fast adsorption rate,favorable adsorption capacity to heavy metal,dyes,...Porous materials as emerging high-efficiency adsorbents have attracted increasing attention in recent years,due to the high specific surface area,fast adsorption rate,favorable adsorption capacity to heavy metal,dyes,and other pollutants,etc.Among various approaches,the foam template method with the advantage of flexible operation and controllable pores structure is proposed to prepare net type of porous adsorbents with superior adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption rate.In this process,natural plant Angelica Sinensis(AS)was treated with a simple alkalineheat process,and the resultant product was used firstly to prepare foam with high stability,and the positive effect of the cellulose dissociation and the conversion of ligustilide into amphiphilic moleculars on improving the stability of Pickering foam was revealed.The liquid foam can serve as pore-foaming template and precursor of polymerization for synthesizing porous adsorbent by one-step integrated process of free radical polymerization and silane hydrolysis.The porous adsorbent showed the sufficient porous structure and excellent adsorption performance for cationic dye,with maximum adsorption capacities of 386.13 mg g^(-1) and 284.20 mg g^(-1) for methyl violet(MV)and malachite green(MG).In a word,the novel approach can provide an important reference for green synthesis of high stable foam and the superporous material,and the adsorbent showed great application potential in the field of water treatment.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41375036 and 41222033)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0202001,973 Program 2014CB441200)the CAS Strategic Priority Research Program(Grant No.XDB05020103).
文摘Aerosol observational data for 2012 obtained from Dunhuang Station of CARE-China（Campaign on Atmospheric Aerosol Research Network of China） were analyzed to achieve in-depth knowledge of aerosol optical properties over Dunhuang region. The results showed that the annual average aerosol optical depth（AOD） at 500 nm was 0.32 ± 0.06, and the ？ngstr？m exponent（α） was 0.73 ± 0.27. Aerosol optical properties revealed significant seasonal characteristics. Frequent sandstorms in MAM（March–April–May） resulted in the seasonal maximum AOD, 0.41 ± 0.04, and a relatively smaller αvalue, 0.44 ± 0.04. The tourism seasons, JJA（June–July–August） and SON（September–October–November） coincide with serious emissions of small anthropogenic aerosols. While in DJF（December–January–February）, the composition of the atmosphere was a mixture of dust particles and polluted aerosols released by domestic heating; the average AOD and αwere 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.66 ± 0.17, respectively. Different air masses exhibited different degrees of influence on the aerosol concentration over Dunhuang in different seasons. During MAM, ranges of AOD（0.11–1.18） and α（0.06–0.82） were the largest under the dust influence of northwest-short-distance air mass in the four trajectories. Urban aerosols transported by northwest-short-distance air mass accounted for a very large proportion in JJA and the mixed aerosols observed in SON were mainly conveyed by air masses from the west. In DJF, the similar ranges of AOD and α under the three air mass demonstrated the analogous diffusion effects on regional pollutants over Dunhuang.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61401475)
文摘The fractal properties of sea clutter are proposed and applied to the maritime target detection. Calculation of the measured data shows that, the Hurst exponent of the sea clutter with targets and the sea clutter without targets are different, which enables us to detect low-observable targets within the sea clutter. This paper explains the reason why the Hurst exponent can distinguish the presence or absence of targets in theory and proposes a fractal detector based on the Hurst exponent. Comparing the fractal detector proposed in this paper to the energy detector by the detection results of 140 frames data of the real sea clutter, it is demonstrated that the fractal detection method has a better detection performance. In order to get systemic conclusions, the new sea clutter data with different signal-to-clutter ratios (SCRs) are constructed in the way that add the sea clutter data with targets to the pure sea clutter data. The results show that the fractal detection method has a better performance than the statistical method on detection of maritime targets, especially maritime weak targets with low SCR. ? 1990-2011 Beijing Institute of Aerospace Information.
基金supported by the Major Special Projects of Gansu,China (No.21ZD2JA002)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu,China (Nos.20JR5RA564 and 20JR5RA562)。
文摘Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers'extensive attention recently,but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported.Here,we recommended a green and convenient strategy for the fabrication of porous material via aqueous foam templates,which was synergistically stabilized by Codonopsis pilosula(CP)and clay minerals of attapulgite(APT).The characterization results revealed that the APT was modified by organic molecules leached from CP and anchored at the air-water interface,which improved the foam stability significantly.The novel porous material of polyacrylamide/Codonopsis pilosula/attapulgite(PAM/CP/APT)templated from the aqueous foam via a polymerization reaction had excellent adsorption capacity for the cationic dyes methyl violet(MV)and methylene blue(MB),and the adsorption capacity can reach 755.85 mg/g and557.64 mg/g,respectively.More importantly,the adsorption capacity of spent adsorbent material was still over 200 mg/g after being recycled five times through a simple carbonization process,and then it was added to the plant pot,the total biomass was increased by about86.42%.This study provided a green and sustainable pathway for the preparation,application and subsequent processing of porous materials.
基金the Major Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu,China(No.18JR4RA001)the Major Special Projects of Gansu,China(No.21ZD2JA002)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.20JR5RA564).
文摘The water-based foam stabilized by the natural surfactant applied in the fabrication of porous materials has attracted extensive attention,as the advantages of cleanness,convenience and low cost.Particularly,the development of a green preparation method has became themain research focus and frontier.In thiswork,a green liquid foamwith high stability was prepared by synergistic stabilization of natural plant astragalus membranaceus(AMS)and attapulgite(APT),and then a novel porous material with sufficient hierarchical pore structure was templated from the foam via a simple free radical polymerization of acrylamide(AM).The characterization results revealed that the amphiphilic molecules from AMS adsorbed onto thewater-air interface and formed a protective shell to prevent the bubble breakup,and APT gathered in the plateau border and formed a three-dimensional network structure,which greatly slowed down the drainage rate.The porous material polyacrylamide/astragalus membranaceus/attapulgite(PAM/AMS/APT)showed the excellent adsorption performance for cationic dyes of Methyl Violet(MV)and Methylene Blue(MB)in water,and the maximum adsorption capacity could reach to 709.13 and 703.30 mg/g,respectively.Furthermore,the polymer material enabled to regenerate and cycle via a convenient calcination process,and the adsorption capacitywas still higher than 200 mg/g after five cycles.In short,this research provided a new idea for the green preparation of porous materials and the treatment of water pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21706267, 41601303)the Major Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu, China (No.18JR4RA001)+1 种基金the Funds for Creative Research Groups of Gansu, China (No.17JR5RA306)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (No.2016370).
文摘Porous materials as emerging potential adsorbents have received much more attention because they are capable of capturing various pollutants with fast adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity, good selectivity and excellent reusability.In order to prepare porous materials with decent porous structure, Pickering emulsion template method has been proved to be one of the most effective technologies to create pore structure.This paper reviewed comprehensively the latest research progress on the preparation of porous materials from various Pickering emulsions and their applications in the decontamination of pollutants(e.g., heavy metal ions, organic pollutants) and in the oil/water separation.It was expected that the summaries and discussions in this review will provide insights into the design and fabrication of new efficient porous adsorbents, and also give us a better understanding of the subject.
基金Financial support from NSFC (Nos. 41372062, 41330210)the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (No. 2010DFB23390) is greatly appreciated
文摘The multi-stage geological evolution and extensive continental deformations during the course of its history make the Central Asian metallogenic region（CAMR） a unique and complicated large-scale metal domain. New geological observations and precise age-data allow an improved reconstruction of the geological evolution of the CAMR. This paper summarizes the Paleozoic orogenic evolution and related ore formation in the core part of the CAMR based on the geological data published both during the Soviet period and the last decades. Four ore-formation provinces（Altay, BalkhashJunggar, Chu-Yili-Tianshan, and Southwest Tianshan） could be classified. The Balkhash-Junggar and Chu-Yili-Tianshan provinces are the major topics of this paper. The Balkhash-Junggar province consists of 4 huge ore-forming belts（Zharma-Saur, Tarbahtay-Xiemistay, Aktogay-Baerluke, Balkhashwestern Junggar） with 11 large ore-college areas. The Chu-Yili-Tianshan province consists of 4 huge ore-forming belts（Alatau-Sairimu, Chu-Yili-Bolehuole, Issyk-Awulale, Kazharman-Nalaty） with 22 large ore-college areas. Formation of large ore-college area corresponds to a specific stage of continental crust growth. Comparison of geology and ore deposits in the CAMR provides rich information for future exploration and understanding of ore-forming processes. The Paleo-Junggar Ocean closed at Early Devonian in the Balkhash-western Junggar ore-forming belt. Afterwards, widespread volcanic- sedimentary rocks formed at extensional stage due to delamination of the thick lower crust formed during previous accretionary processes. Felsic magma intrusion caused formation of porphyry Cu-Au deposit at ~310 Ma and related hydrothermal gold deposits about 10 Ma later. For example, in the Hatu-Baobei-Sartohay Au-Cr ore-college area in the Balkhash-western Junggar ore-forming belt, small granitic to diorite plutons and various dykes（312–277 Ma） and large granite bodies（~300 Ma） intruded into the Devonian to Early Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary basin. These magmatic activities and fault systems mainly controlled ore-forming processes.
基金Project supported by the Key Laboratory Foundation of National Defence Technology,China(No.61424010306)the Joint Fund of Equipment Development and Aerospace Science and Technology,China(No.6141B0624050101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61901489 and 62071389)。
文摘In this study,we provide an overview of recent advances in multisensor multitarget tracking based on the random finite set(RFS)approach.The fusion that plays a fundamental role in multisensor filtering is classified into data-level multitarget measurement fusion and estimate-level multitarget density fusion,which share and fuse local measurements and posterior densities between sensors,respectively.Important properties of each fusion rule including the optimality and sub-optimality are presented.In particulax,two robust multitarget density-averaging approaches,arithmetic-and geometric-average fusion,are addressed in detail for various RFSs.Relevant research topics and remaining challenges are highlighted.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.41372062, 41330210, 41672047)
文摘A synthesis involving the data for the Nalati mountain region（NMR） in west Tianshan with a dataset including zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopic composition, major and trace elements of Paleozoic intrusions are presented to improve the understanding of regional geodynamic evolution. Paleozoic intrusive rocks in the NMR could be classified into four categories based on chronological and geochemical data： 480？5 Ma, 445–410 Ma, 345–320 Ma, and 295 Ma, which correspond to（1） closure of the Terskey Ocean and the opening of the south Tianshan back-arc basin, which was followed with the opening of the south Tianshan Ocean,（2） initial subduction of the south Tianshan oceanic crust,（3） major subduction stage, and（4） collision to post-collisional stage, respectively. Following the closure of the Terskey Ocean, the south Tianshan Ocean opened at Early Silurian and subducted under Yili-central Tianshan by the end of Early Carboniferous Period. The following breakoff of the subducted slab triggered partial melting of continental crust and formed voluminous granitic rocks in the NMR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21107116, 21477135)
文摘Kapok fiber corresponds to the seed hairs of the kapok tree（Ceiba pentandra）, and is a typical cellulosic fiber with the features of thin cell wall, large lumen, low density and hydrophobic–oleophilic properties. As a type of renewable natural plant fiber, kapok fiber is abundant,biocompatible and biodegradable, and its full exploration and potential application have received increasing attention in both academic and industrial fields. Based on the structure and properties of kapok fiber, this review provides a summary of recent research on kapok fiber including chemical and physical treatments, kapok fiber-based composite materials, and the application of kapok fiber as an absorbent material for oils, metal ions, dyes, and sound,with special attention to its use as an oil-absorbing material, one predominant application of kapok fiber in the coming future.
基金the funds by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21706267)the Major Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu,China(No.18JR4RA001)。
文摘The aqueous foam template without any solvent and only using the particles stabilizer has attracted much attention for preparation of the porous adsorbents.Herein,a novel porous adsorbent was fabricated via thermal-initiated polymerization of Pickering aqueous foams,which was stabilized by the natural sepiolite(Sep)and pine pollen,and utilized for the removal of antibiotic from aqueous solution.The stabilizing mechanism of Pickering aqueous foam of that the Sep was modified with the leaching substance from pine pollen and arranged orderly around the bubble to form a dense"shell"structure was revealed.The adsorbents possessed the hierarchical porous structure and excellent adsorption performance for antibiotic of chlorotetracycline hydrochloride(CTC)and tetracycline hydrochloride(TC).The equilibrium adsorption capacities of CTC and TC were achieved with 465.59 and 330.59 mg/g within 60 min at 25℃,respectively.The adsorption process obeyed Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model.This work provided eco-friendly approach for fabricate porous adsorbents for wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21706267)the Major Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu, China (No. 18JR4RA001)。
文摘Spherical porous materials prepared from the emulsion template used in the water treatment have displayed a vast prospect, as the high surface area, abundant porous structure, convenient operation and excellent adsorption performance. But the tedious fabrication process, high consumption of organic solvent and surfactant limited the application widely. Herein, a facile and eco-friendly spherical porous adsorbent(SPA) is fabricated from the green surfactant-free(corn oil)-in-water Pickering medium internal phase emulsions(Pickering MIPEs) via the convenient ion crosslinking procedure. The Pickering MIPEs synergistically stabilized with the semi-coke(SC), which is the natural particle produced from the shale oil distillation, and sodium alginate(SA) has excellent storage and anti-coalescence stability. The as-prepared porous adsorbent possessed the abundant pore structure, which provided favorable conditions for effective mass transfer in adsorption, and could be tuned by varying the SA dosage. The saturation adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and Cd(II) can be achieved with 460.54 and 278.77 mg/g within 45 min at 25 ℃, respectively. Overall, this study supplied a viable and eco-friendly route for fabricating the spherical porous adsorbent with a tunable porous structure for heavy metal ion wastewater.
基金the funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21706267)the Major Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu,China(No.18JR4RA001)。
文摘Porous materials as emerging high-efficiency adsorbents have attracted increasing attention in recent years,due to the high specific surface area,fast adsorption rate,favorable adsorption capacity to heavy metal,dyes,and other pollutants,etc.Among various approaches,the foam template method with the advantage of flexible operation and controllable pores structure is proposed to prepare net type of porous adsorbents with superior adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption rate.In this process,natural plant Angelica Sinensis(AS)was treated with a simple alkalineheat process,and the resultant product was used firstly to prepare foam with high stability,and the positive effect of the cellulose dissociation and the conversion of ligustilide into amphiphilic moleculars on improving the stability of Pickering foam was revealed.The liquid foam can serve as pore-foaming template and precursor of polymerization for synthesizing porous adsorbent by one-step integrated process of free radical polymerization and silane hydrolysis.The porous adsorbent showed the sufficient porous structure and excellent adsorption performance for cationic dye,with maximum adsorption capacities of 386.13 mg g^(-1) and 284.20 mg g^(-1) for methyl violet(MV)and malachite green(MG).In a word,the novel approach can provide an important reference for green synthesis of high stable foam and the superporous material,and the adsorbent showed great application potential in the field of water treatment.
