Chimera states of phase oscillator populations with nonlocal higher-order couplings

The chimera states underlying many realistic dynamical processes have attracted ample attention in the area of dynamical systems.Here, we generalize the Kuramoto model with nonlocal coupling incorporating higher-order interactions encoded with simplicial complexes.Previous works have shown that higher-order interactions promote coherent states.However, we uncover the fact that the introduced higher-order couplings can significantly enhance the emergence of the incoherent state.Remarkably, we identify that the chimera states arise as a result of multi-attractors in dynamic states.Importantly, we review that the increasing higher-order interactions can significantly shape the emergent probability of chimera states.All the observed results can be well described in terms of the dimension reduction method.This study is a step forward in highlighting the importance of nonlocal higher-order couplings, which might provide control strategies for the occurrence of spatial-temporal patterns in networked systems.

乙烯醋酸乙烯酯/二氧化硅超疏水辐射降温薄膜的制备及性能

辐射降温材料通过在太阳光波段(0.3~2.5μm)反射太阳光并通过大气透明窗口波段(8~13μm)将热量辐射到寒冷的外太空以实现表面的自发降温,这是一种可持续发展的制冷方式。然而,材料在户外长期使用过程中会受到雨水冲刷或灰尘沾污而使降温效果受到严重影响。文中通过溶剂交换法制备了具有多孔结构的乙烯醋酸乙烯酯/疏水二氧化硅(EVA/SiO_(2))复合超疏水辐射降温薄膜。复合薄膜表面的水接触角为160.4°,滚动角为2.6°;在太阳光波段的平均反射率可达96%,大气透明窗口波段的平均发射率为94%。在炎热强日光照射下的空气流通环境中,该薄膜可实现比周围环境平均温度低7℃;在无空气对流和传导的理想条件下可达到12℃的平均降温。薄膜的超疏水自清洁特性可使其表面避免被外界污染从而保持稳定的光学性能和降温效果。该材料适用于户外需要降温的领域,应用前景广阔。

Rathke囊肿的诊断及神经内镜手术治疗

目的:提高Rathke囊肿的术前诊断率和总结神经内镜下切除Rathke囊肿的手术技术,并评价其疗效。方法:采用神经内镜经单鼻孔–蝶窦入路切除Rathke囊肿12例。结果:8例全切除、4例次全切除,症状均明显改善,无明显并发症发生,手术耗时较经鼻蝶窦入路显微镜下手术、开颅手术明显缩短。结论:神经内镜下经单鼻孔–蝶窦路径切除Rathke囊肿是一种有效的微侵袭手术方法。

礼敬中华优秀传统文化--山东省中医药文化博物馆巡礼

中医药文化是中华文明的瑰宝,几千年来守护着民族的繁衍生息。山东省中医药文化博物馆保留了中医药古籍善本、医用器具和药材标本等珍贵文物及展品,用最直观的实物形式展示了中医药学博大精深的内涵,展示了数千年不中断的中医药发展历史,展示了中医药文化独特的防病治病的理、法、方、药,展示了中华民族的健康养生理念,既是开展中医药文化科普教育的优势平台,也是弘扬中医药文化的重要阵地。

Electro-acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels and transplantation of umbilical cord bloodderived mesenchymal stem cells for treating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is a novel means of treating cerebral ischemia/reper- fusion, and can promote angiogenesis and neurological functional recovery. Acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels also has positive effects as a treatment for cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion. Therefore, we hypothesized that electro-acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels plus mesenchymal stem cell transplantation may have better therapeutic effects on the promotion of angiogenesis and recovery of neurological function than either treatment alone. In the present study, human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated, cultured, identified and intracranially transplanted into the striatum and subcortex of rats at 24 hours following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Subsequently, rats were electro-acupunctured at Conception and Governor vessels at 24 hours after transplantation. Modified neurological severity scores and immunohistochemistry findings revealed that the combined interventions of electro-acupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation clearly improved neurological impairment and up-regulated vascular endothelial growth factor expression around the isch- emic focus. The combined intervention provided a better outcome than mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alone. These findings demonstrate that electro-acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation have synergetic effects on promot- ing neurological function recovery and angiogenesis in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

Modeling assessment for ammonium nitrogen recovery from wastewater by chemical precipitation

Chemical precipitation to form magnesium ammonium phosphate（MAP） is an effective technology for recovering ammonium nitrogen（NH4＋-N）.In the present research,we investigated the thermodynamic modeling of the PHREEQC program for NH4＋-N recovery to evaluate the effect of reaction factors on MAP precipitation.The case study of NH4＋-N recovery from coking wastewater was conducted to provide a comparison.Response surface methodology（RSM） was applied to assist in understanding the relative significance of reaction factors and the interactive effects of solution conditions.Thermodynamic modeling indicated that the saturation index（SI） of MAP followed a polynomial function of pH.The SI of MAP increased logarithmically with the Mg2＋/NH4＋ molar ratio（Mg/N） and the initial NH4＋-N concentration（CN）,respectively,while it decreased with an increase in Ca2＋/NH4＋ and CO32？/NH4＋ molar ratios（Ca/N and CO32？/N）,respectively.The trends for NH4＋-N removal at different pH and Mg/N levels were similar to the thermodynamic modeling predictions.The RSM analysis indicated that the factors including pH,Mg/N,CN,Ca/N,（Mg/N）×（CO32？/N）,（pH）2,（Mg/N）2,and（CN）2 were significant.Response surface plots were useful for understanding the interaction effects on NH4＋-N recovery.

Combinatorial effects of conception and governor vessel electroacu-puncture and human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on pathomorphologic lesion and cellular apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combinatorial effects of conception and governor vessel electroacupuncture(EA) and human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells(HUCB-MSCs) on pathomorphologic lesion and cellular apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: With the HUCB-MSCs isolated, cultured and identified and the models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion established, the HUCB-MSCs of passage three were intracranially transplanted and the EA at conception and governor vessels was applied. The pathomorphologic lesion by hematoxylin-eosin staining and the cellular apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling method around the ischemic focus were observed. RESULTS: The cultured adherent HUCB-MSCs exhibited a spindle shape and expressed MSC-specific markers, with the cell purity and proliferation rate significantly increasing after the primary passage. HE staining showed that there were no pathological changes observed in the sham surgery group. However, in the PBS transplantation group, degeneration and necrosis of a great number of nerve cells were seen. In both the HUCB-MSCs transplantation group and the HUCB-MSCs transplantation + EA group, reparative changes of the pathomorphism of the tissue were found. Both combination treatment and simple MSCs treatment were able to improve the pathomorphorlogic lesion following cerebral ischemia and reduce the abnormal TUNEL-positive numbers, with former better than latter. CONCLUSION: HUCB-MSCs improve pathological lesions and inhibit the cellular apoptosis around the cerebral ischemic area. EA at conception and governor vessels also improve pathological lesion and inhibit the cellular apoptosis in rats treated with HUCB-MSCs transplantation, which effects were superior to that of simple HUCB-MSCs transplantation.

Ternary organic solar cells based on polymer donor,polymer acceptor and PCBM components

In this work,ternary organic solar cells(OSCs)combining a fullerene derivative PC71BM with a nonfullerene acceptor N2200-F blended with a polymer donor PM6 were reported.Compared with the binary systems,the highest power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 8.11%was achieved in ternary solar cells with 30 wt%N2200-F content,mainly due to the improved short-circuit current density(Jsc)and fill factor(FF).Further studies showed that the improved Jsc could attribute to the complementary abso rption of the two acceptors and the enhanced FF was originated from the higher hole mobility and the fine-tuned morphology in the ternary system.These results demonstrate that the combination of fullere ne and nonfullerene acceptors in ternary organic solar cells is a promising approach to achieve high-performance OSCs.

An Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Material Based on Benzo[ghi]perylenetri-imide and Cyclic Titanium-Oxo Cluster for Efficient Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells

Perovskite and organic solar cells usually require electron-transport interlayers to efficiently transport electrons from the photoactive layer to the metal electrode.In general,pure organic or inorganic materials are applied into the interlayers,but organic–inorganic hybrid materials have been rarely reported for this application.In this work,we report using the first titanium-oxo cluster-based organic–inorganic hybrid as the interlayer material by introducing largeπ-conjugated benzo[ghi]perylenetriimides as an organic part via a simple ligand-exchange reaction.This new hybrid material showed excellent solubility,well-aligned energy levels,and excellent electron mobilities,enabling its great potential application as an interlayer in solar cells such as perovskite and organic solar cells,providing high power conversion efficiencies of>20%and 16%,respectively.Therefore,we claim that our present work introduces a new class of cluster-based organic–inorganic hybrid interlayer materials that exhibit promising application in organic electronics.

A benzo[ghi]-perylene triimide based double-cable conjugated polymer for single-component organic solar cells

Single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs)with high stability and simplified fabrication process are supposed to accelerate the commercialization of organic photovoltaics.However,the types of photo-active materials and photovoltaic performance of SCOSCs are still far lagging behind the bulk-heterojunction type organic solar cells(BHJ OSCs).It is still an arduous task to introduce new photo-active materials into SCOSCs,aiming to improve the efficiencies of SCOSCs.One feasible way is to construct double-cable polymers with new structures and tune conformation,morphology and mobility for the improvement in power conversion efficiencies(PCEs).Hence,in this work,we constructed a new double-cable polymer PBTT-BPTI by introducing fused core 5,7-dibromo-2,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-c’]dithiophene-4,8-dione(TTDO)into the main backbone and benzo[ghi]-perylene triimide(BPTI)unit into the side chain.Both of the two units show strong electron-withdrawing property,which are expected to broaden absorption spectra and enhance intermolecular interaction.The double-cable polymer exhibited a broad absorption in the range of 300-700 nm with an optical band gap(E_(g))of 1.79 eV.The PCE of PBTT-BPTI-based SCOSCs was 2.15%,which may be limited by the unconstructed efficient electron transporting channels.

Tunable reducibility of Brillouin zone and bandgap width in elliptical nanowire arrays

Rotating elliptical nanowire arrays as two-dimensional photonic crystals has been proposed and studied in this Letter.The analysis of the four lowest energy bands and the first bandgap width of some examples illustrates that the rotation and configuration of the primitive cell can have effects on the reducibility of the Brillouin zone.As the central element’s orientation changes,the irreducible Brillouin zone could be expanded to the whole first Brillouin zone.Special attention has been paid to the nanowire arrays with adjacent elements perpendicular to each other,and the irreducible Brillouin zone unexpectedly retracted back to the 1/8 of the first Brillouin zone though the symmetry of elements is lower than that of the square lattice.Meanwhile,the first bandgap width of the perpendicular array can be adjusted by the rotation of each primitive element.

Synthesis of Pyrene-based Planar Conjugated Polymers and the Regioisomers by Intramolecular Cyclization

Several planar conjugated polymers and model compounds containing pyrene units are synthesized.The pre-cursor polymers and model compounds are obtained through the Pd(0)-catalyzed Suzuki reaction,then the planar structure is formed through intramolecular cyclization in the presence of acid.We investigate the regioisomers in intramolecular cyclization reaction by using model compounds,suggesting that the syn-and anti-structures are formed in ladder-type polymer LP1,and the syn-structure is more easily formed in LP3.The planar conjugated polymers and model compounds show untypical features of ladder-type polymers,they display broad absorption and blue or blue-green emission in solution,and interchainπ-πstacking in film still occurs.Moreover,the new polymers and model compounds are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,gel-permeation chromatography(GPC)and cyclic voltammetry(CV).