Background:This study aimed to review treatments and evaluate the aesthetic outcomes,complications,and reoperation rates regarding surgical correction for a postoperative contracted nose.Methods:PubMed,MEDLINE,and Emb...Background:This study aimed to review treatments and evaluate the aesthetic outcomes,complications,and reoperation rates regarding surgical correction for a postoperative contracted nose.Methods:PubMed,MEDLINE,and Embase databases were searched for studies detailing aesthetic outcomes and complications of surgical correction of a contracted nose.Surgical procedures,adjuvant treatment,outcomes,and complications were synthesized and analyzed.Results:Nine articles encompassing 376 patients were included in the systematic review,and six articles(198 participants)were included in the meta-analysis.The most frequently used graft material was the autologous rib cartilage(61.1%).Surgical procedures were heterogeneous in these studies.The nasolabial angle reduced by 9.52°(95%confidence interval(CI):(-11.95,-7.09),P<0.0001),and the nasal length increased significantly(standardized mean difference(SMD)=2.25,95%CI:(1.26,2.23),P<0.00001).However,the evidence was insufficient to determine a significant change in the columellar-labial angle(SMD=-0.95,95%CI:(-2.19,0.29),P=0.13)and columellar-lobular angle(SMD=2.39,95%CI:(-1.20,5.97),P=0.19).Aesthetic dissatisfaction(12.5%)and infection(4.5%)were the most commonly reported complications.Reoperation was performed in 5.3%of patients.Conclusion:Surgical correction can increase the nasal length,reduce the nasolabial angle,and have a low reoperation rate.No significant improvement in the columellar-labial or columellar-lobular angle was observed.展开更多
The clinical use of fat grafts for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy or radiotherapy has the disadvantages of limited retention and survival rates.To solve this problem,adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)have been s...The clinical use of fat grafts for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy or radiotherapy has the disadvantages of limited retention and survival rates.To solve this problem,adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)have been suggested as an alternative cell source for breast reconstruction,because they are simple to access,have low immunogenicity,and support the survival of mature adipose grafts.However,despite their outstanding properties,the use of ADSCs in patients with breast cancer is controversial,and the oncological safety of this method has been questioned.The biological effects of ADSCs on breast cancer are complex,and clinical research on ADSC-assisted fat grafting is limited.Here,we review the current experimental findings on the effects of ADSCs on breast cancer,mainly focusing on the role of ADSCs in breast cancer proliferation and growth processes,such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and angiogenesis.We also discuss the safety of ADSCs in clinical breast reconstruction.展开更多
Nasal defects can be reconstructed with a nasolabial perforator flap,resulting in good aesthetic outcomes based on the facial subunit principle,owing to the combined advantages of the traditional nasolabial flap and t...Nasal defects can be reconstructed with a nasolabial perforator flap,resulting in good aesthetic outcomes based on the facial subunit principle,owing to the combined advantages of the traditional nasolabial flap and the perforator flap.However,the localization of perforators makes the clinical application of a nasolabial perforator flap difficult.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the nasolabial perforator flap from anatomical,methodological,and clinical application aspects,intending to provide plastic surgeons with a reference on conducting nasal reconstruction with a nasolabial perforator flap.展开更多
Skeletal muscle regeneration mainly depends on muscle satellite cells;however,these cells are not sufficient for supporting repair and regeneration in volumetric muscle loss(VML),Duchenne muscular dystrophy,and other ...Skeletal muscle regeneration mainly depends on muscle satellite cells;however,these cells are not sufficient for supporting repair and regeneration in volumetric muscle loss(VML),Duchenne muscular dystrophy,and other muscle injuries or muscle diseases.As such,much work has been conducted in recent years to search for myogenic stem cells.Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)have a wide range of sources,rapid growth,and multi-directional differentiation potential,and have become vital candidates for muscle regeneration.Multiple factors influence the myogenic differentiation capacity of ADSCs.This paper reviews the regulatory aspects and possible factors that have been identified in recent years to affect myogenic differentiation of ADSCs.Based on these factors,gene editing,and perfusion concepts,a method was proposed to achieve maximal differentiation efficiency of ADSCs.This study focused on the application of ADSCs in muscle regeneration and disease.Based on the importance of myogenic differentiation of ADSCs for the repair and regeneration of muscle damage,this study provides a basis for future research surrounding the efficient induction of myogenic differentiation of ADSCs in vitro.展开更多
Background The corresponding author's experience and recent methods employed in autologous costal cartilage grafts combined with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(ePTFE)in Asian rhinoplasty were presented in this s...Background The corresponding author's experience and recent methods employed in autologous costal cartilage grafts combined with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(ePTFE)in Asian rhinoplasty were presented in this study.Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of rhinoplasty performed on patients using autogenous costal cartilage grafts combined with an ePTFE implant.Methods Seventy-five rhinoplasty cases with autologous costal cartilage grafts and an ePTFE implant were retrospectively reviewed.Graft types,complications associated with the graft itself or graft harvesting,surgical outcomes,and patient satisfaction were assessed.Results The mean follow-up time post-operation was 13.5 months.A total of 42/75 patients underwent revision surgeries.Graft-related complications were found in 8%of cases,including two warped graft and four infection cases.Three individuals with infections had mild graft resorption.One patient with an infection removed the implant.Graft exposure,mobility,and substantial resorption were not recorded.A total of two cases underwent revision procedures for infection and perforation,respectively.Chest incision lengths for graft harvesting averaged 2.1 cm.No pneumothorax or significant donor-site pain was found.Donor-site scars were negligible,although two cases had hypertrophic chest scars.In general,functional and esthetic outcomes were mostly satisfactory among the assessed patients.Conclusions Rhinoplasty using autologous rib cartilage provides adequate support and sufficient cartilage amounts for correcting nasal contouring.Meanwhile,ePTFE alone for nasal dorsum augmentation safely achieves satisfactory outcomes.Rib cartilage rhinoplasty performed by an experienced surgeon yields excellent,long-lasting results with minimal risk;however,the potential for infection should be considered following revision surgery.展开更多
An increasing number of researchers have demonstrated that poloxamer 188(P188)can be used as a pharmaceutical excipient for clinical applications.Its membrane-sealing effects and inherent biological activities make it...An increasing number of researchers have demonstrated that poloxamer 188(P188)can be used as a pharmaceutical excipient for clinical applications.Its membrane-sealing effects and inherent biological activities make it an extremely promising agent for plastic surgery.In this review,we summarize the positive roles of P188 in autologous fat grafting,wound healing,and cartilage transplantation.These roles include improving the survival rate of fat grafts and chondrocytes,stimulating the metabolic activity of adipocytes,promoting wound healing,and contributing to cartilage formation.Although further research is still needed,it is clear that P188 has great potential and application value in the field of plastic surgery.展开更多
Rhinoplasty in Asia is becoming increasingly widespread.When taking into consideration the anatomical differences between the features of Caucasian and Asian patients,it is unsurprising that knowledge gained from rese...Rhinoplasty in Asia is becoming increasingly widespread.When taking into consideration the anatomical differences between the features of Caucasian and Asian patients,it is unsurprising that knowledge gained from research on Caucasian rhinoplasty is not always applicable to Asian rhinoplasty.Furthermore,reviews aimed at describing the recent developments in Asian rhinoplasty are rare.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest trends in rhinoplasty for Asians by classifying it into three parts:methods,materials,and three-dimensional techniques,hopefully providing surgeons with references to aid in conducting rhinoplasty on Asians.展开更多
In the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery,the loss of organs or tissues caused by diseases or injuries has resulted in challenges,such as donor shortage and immunosuppression.In recent years,with the developm...In the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery,the loss of organs or tissues caused by diseases or injuries has resulted in challenges,such as donor shortage and immunosuppression.In recent years,with the development of regenerative medicine,the decellularization-recellularization strategy seems to be a promising and attractive method to resolve these difficulties.The decellularized extracellular matrix contains no cells and genetic materials,while retaining the complex ultrastructure,and it can be used as a scaffold for cell seeding and subsequent transplantation,thereby promoting the regeneration of diseased or damaged tissues and organs.This review provided an overview of decellularization-recellularization technique,and mainly concentrated on the application of decellularization-recellularization technique in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery,including the remodeling of skin,nose,ears,face,and limbs.Finally,we proposed the challenges in and the direction of future development of decellularization-recellularization technique in plastic surgery.展开更多
Severe muscle injury is still a challenging clinical problem. Exosomes derived from adipose stem cells (ASC-exos) may be a potential therapeutic tool, but their mechanism is not completely clear. This review aims to e...Severe muscle injury is still a challenging clinical problem. Exosomes derived from adipose stem cells (ASC-exos) may be a potential therapeutic tool, but their mechanism is not completely clear. This review aims to elaborate the possible mechanism of ASC-exos in muscle regeneration from the perspective of signal pathways and provide guidance for further study. Literature cited in this review was acquired through PubMed using keywords or medical subject headings, including adipose stem cells, exosomes, muscle regeneration, myogenic differentiation, myogenesis, wingless/integrated (Wnt), mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription, and their combinations. We obtained the related signal pathways from proteomics analysis of ASC-exos in the literature, and identified that ASC-exos make different contributions to multiple stages of skeletal muscle regeneration by those signal pathways.展开更多
Adipose stem cells(ADSCs)have been reported to have multidirectional differentiation potential,and can promote cell proliferation and growth,and nerve regeneration function,which has become a promising treatment regim...Adipose stem cells(ADSCs)have been reported to have multidirectional differentiation potential,and can promote cell proliferation and growth,and nerve regeneration function,which has become a promising treatment regimen forwound repair.Exosomes derived from ADSCs(ADSCs-Exos)have excellenttissuerepairfunctions,including high vascular endothelial growth factor A,fibroblast growth factor_2,hepatocyte growth factor,platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB,and other importantwoundhealingfactors.l Supplementary Figure1,http:/links.lww.com/CM9/A828 is a simplified diagram of the exosome formation and release model.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(grant no.BYSYZD2019013)。
文摘Background:This study aimed to review treatments and evaluate the aesthetic outcomes,complications,and reoperation rates regarding surgical correction for a postoperative contracted nose.Methods:PubMed,MEDLINE,and Embase databases were searched for studies detailing aesthetic outcomes and complications of surgical correction of a contracted nose.Surgical procedures,adjuvant treatment,outcomes,and complications were synthesized and analyzed.Results:Nine articles encompassing 376 patients were included in the systematic review,and six articles(198 participants)were included in the meta-analysis.The most frequently used graft material was the autologous rib cartilage(61.1%).Surgical procedures were heterogeneous in these studies.The nasolabial angle reduced by 9.52°(95%confidence interval(CI):(-11.95,-7.09),P<0.0001),and the nasal length increased significantly(standardized mean difference(SMD)=2.25,95%CI:(1.26,2.23),P<0.00001).However,the evidence was insufficient to determine a significant change in the columellar-labial angle(SMD=-0.95,95%CI:(-2.19,0.29),P=0.13)and columellar-lobular angle(SMD=2.39,95%CI:(-1.20,5.97),P=0.19).Aesthetic dissatisfaction(12.5%)and infection(4.5%)were the most commonly reported complications.Reoperation was performed in 5.3%of patients.Conclusion:Surgical correction can increase the nasal length,reduce the nasolabial angle,and have a low reoperation rate.No significant improvement in the columellar-labial or columellar-lobular angle was observed.
基金supported by the Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(grant no.BYSYZD2019013)。
文摘The clinical use of fat grafts for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy or radiotherapy has the disadvantages of limited retention and survival rates.To solve this problem,adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)have been suggested as an alternative cell source for breast reconstruction,because they are simple to access,have low immunogenicity,and support the survival of mature adipose grafts.However,despite their outstanding properties,the use of ADSCs in patients with breast cancer is controversial,and the oncological safety of this method has been questioned.The biological effects of ADSCs on breast cancer are complex,and clinical research on ADSC-assisted fat grafting is limited.Here,we review the current experimental findings on the effects of ADSCs on breast cancer,mainly focusing on the role of ADSCs in breast cancer proliferation and growth processes,such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and angiogenesis.We also discuss the safety of ADSCs in clinical breast reconstruction.
基金supported by the Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital (grant no. BYSYFY2021005)
文摘Nasal defects can be reconstructed with a nasolabial perforator flap,resulting in good aesthetic outcomes based on the facial subunit principle,owing to the combined advantages of the traditional nasolabial flap and the perforator flap.However,the localization of perforators makes the clinical application of a nasolabial perforator flap difficult.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the nasolabial perforator flap from anatomical,methodological,and clinical application aspects,intending to provide plastic surgeons with a reference on conducting nasal reconstruction with a nasolabial perforator flap.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(grant nos.81873939 and 31970374)the Scientific Research Staring Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of Peking University Third Hospital(grant no.BYSYLXHG2019001).
文摘Skeletal muscle regeneration mainly depends on muscle satellite cells;however,these cells are not sufficient for supporting repair and regeneration in volumetric muscle loss(VML),Duchenne muscular dystrophy,and other muscle injuries or muscle diseases.As such,much work has been conducted in recent years to search for myogenic stem cells.Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)have a wide range of sources,rapid growth,and multi-directional differentiation potential,and have become vital candidates for muscle regeneration.Multiple factors influence the myogenic differentiation capacity of ADSCs.This paper reviews the regulatory aspects and possible factors that have been identified in recent years to affect myogenic differentiation of ADSCs.Based on these factors,gene editing,and perfusion concepts,a method was proposed to achieve maximal differentiation efficiency of ADSCs.This study focused on the application of ADSCs in muscle regeneration and disease.Based on the importance of myogenic differentiation of ADSCs for the repair and regeneration of muscle damage,this study provides a basis for future research surrounding the efficient induction of myogenic differentiation of ADSCs in vitro.
基金This work was supported by Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(No.BYSYZD2019013)the Scientific Research Staring Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Peking University Third Hospital(No.BYSYLXHG2019001).
文摘Background The corresponding author's experience and recent methods employed in autologous costal cartilage grafts combined with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(ePTFE)in Asian rhinoplasty were presented in this study.Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of rhinoplasty performed on patients using autogenous costal cartilage grafts combined with an ePTFE implant.Methods Seventy-five rhinoplasty cases with autologous costal cartilage grafts and an ePTFE implant were retrospectively reviewed.Graft types,complications associated with the graft itself or graft harvesting,surgical outcomes,and patient satisfaction were assessed.Results The mean follow-up time post-operation was 13.5 months.A total of 42/75 patients underwent revision surgeries.Graft-related complications were found in 8%of cases,including two warped graft and four infection cases.Three individuals with infections had mild graft resorption.One patient with an infection removed the implant.Graft exposure,mobility,and substantial resorption were not recorded.A total of two cases underwent revision procedures for infection and perforation,respectively.Chest incision lengths for graft harvesting averaged 2.1 cm.No pneumothorax or significant donor-site pain was found.Donor-site scars were negligible,although two cases had hypertrophic chest scars.In general,functional and esthetic outcomes were mostly satisfactory among the assessed patients.Conclusions Rhinoplasty using autologous rib cartilage provides adequate support and sufficient cartilage amounts for correcting nasal contouring.Meanwhile,ePTFE alone for nasal dorsum augmentation safely achieves satisfactory outcomes.Rib cartilage rhinoplasty performed by an experienced surgeon yields excellent,long-lasting results with minimal risk;however,the potential for infection should be considered following revision surgery.
基金The study was supported by the Scientific Research Staring Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of the Peking University Third Hospital(grant no.BYSYLXHG2019001).
文摘An increasing number of researchers have demonstrated that poloxamer 188(P188)can be used as a pharmaceutical excipient for clinical applications.Its membrane-sealing effects and inherent biological activities make it an extremely promising agent for plastic surgery.In this review,we summarize the positive roles of P188 in autologous fat grafting,wound healing,and cartilage transplantation.These roles include improving the survival rate of fat grafts and chondrocytes,stimulating the metabolic activity of adipocytes,promoting wound healing,and contributing to cartilage formation.Although further research is still needed,it is clear that P188 has great potential and application value in the field of plastic surgery.
基金the Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(grant no.BYSYFY2021005).
文摘Rhinoplasty in Asia is becoming increasingly widespread.When taking into consideration the anatomical differences between the features of Caucasian and Asian patients,it is unsurprising that knowledge gained from research on Caucasian rhinoplasty is not always applicable to Asian rhinoplasty.Furthermore,reviews aimed at describing the recent developments in Asian rhinoplasty are rare.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest trends in rhinoplasty for Asians by classifying it into three parts:methods,materials,and three-dimensional techniques,hopefully providing surgeons with references to aid in conducting rhinoplasty on Asians.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81873939)Scientific Research Staring Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Peking University Third Hospital(No.BYSYLXHG2019001)
文摘In the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery,the loss of organs or tissues caused by diseases or injuries has resulted in challenges,such as donor shortage and immunosuppression.In recent years,with the development of regenerative medicine,the decellularization-recellularization strategy seems to be a promising and attractive method to resolve these difficulties.The decellularized extracellular matrix contains no cells and genetic materials,while retaining the complex ultrastructure,and it can be used as a scaffold for cell seeding and subsequent transplantation,thereby promoting the regeneration of diseased or damaged tissues and organs.This review provided an overview of decellularization-recellularization technique,and mainly concentrated on the application of decellularization-recellularization technique in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery,including the remodeling of skin,nose,ears,face,and limbs.Finally,we proposed the challenges in and the direction of future development of decellularization-recellularization technique in plastic surgery.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 81873939)
文摘Severe muscle injury is still a challenging clinical problem. Exosomes derived from adipose stem cells (ASC-exos) may be a potential therapeutic tool, but their mechanism is not completely clear. This review aims to elaborate the possible mechanism of ASC-exos in muscle regeneration from the perspective of signal pathways and provide guidance for further study. Literature cited in this review was acquired through PubMed using keywords or medical subject headings, including adipose stem cells, exosomes, muscle regeneration, myogenic differentiation, myogenesis, wingless/integrated (Wnt), mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription, and their combinations. We obtained the related signal pathways from proteomics analysis of ASC-exos in the literature, and identified that ASC-exos make different contributions to multiple stages of skeletal muscle regeneration by those signal pathways.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos. 81873939 and 31970374)。
文摘Adipose stem cells(ADSCs)have been reported to have multidirectional differentiation potential,and can promote cell proliferation and growth,and nerve regeneration function,which has become a promising treatment regimen forwound repair.Exosomes derived from ADSCs(ADSCs-Exos)have excellenttissuerepairfunctions,including high vascular endothelial growth factor A,fibroblast growth factor_2,hepatocyte growth factor,platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB,and other importantwoundhealingfactors.l Supplementary Figure1,http:/links.lww.com/CM9/A828 is a simplified diagram of the exosome formation and release model.
