As a kind of green concrete,the mechanical properties and durability of cemented gangue backfill material(CGBM)will be affected if they are in acid mine water with sulfate ions in the long term.To improve the performa...As a kind of green concrete,the mechanical properties and durability of cemented gangue backfill material(CGBM)will be affected if they are in acid mine water with sulfate ions in the long term.To improve the performance of CGBM in acid mine water with sulfate ions,CGBM specimens with different doses of barium hydroxide were immersed in sulfuric acid solutions of different concentrations for 270 days.The changes of mass,ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV)and compressive strength of the specimens at different ages were analyzed.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)were used to analyze the microstructure and composition of the specimens.The results show that incorporation of barium hydroxide into CGBM specimen can promote the formation of barium sulfate precipitation and inhibit the generation of corrosion products such as ettringite.Meanwhile,barium sulfate precipitation blocks the pore channel invaded by sulfuric acid solution,delaying the progress of corrosion reaction and making the interior of CGBM specimen more complete.And the specimen with 2.0 kg/m^(3)barium hydroxide was more effective in improving performance.This study provides a basis for the ratio design of CGBM in acid mine water with sulfate ions.展开更多
Tuning the coordination environment is the research axis of single atom catalysts (SACs). SACs are commonly stabilized by various defects from support. Here, we report a lattice confined Pd SAC using MnO_(2) as suppor...Tuning the coordination environment is the research axis of single atom catalysts (SACs). SACs are commonly stabilized by various defects from support. Here, we report a lattice confined Pd SAC using MnO_(2) as support. Compared with the Pd clusters anchored on the surface, the lattice confined Pd single atoms allows spontaneous exaction of surrounding lattice oxygen at room temperature when employed in CO oxidation. The MnO_(2) supported Pd SAC exhibited a high turnover frequency of 0.203 s^(−1) at low reaction temperature, which is higher than that of recently reported Pd SACs. Theoretical calculations also confirmed the confined monatomic Pd activate lattice oxygen with an ultralow energy barrier. Our results illustrate that the unique coordination environment of single atom provided by lattice confinement is promising to boost the activity of SACs.展开更多
Fluororesin-based anti-corrosive coatings including graded FEP/PPS were prepared on carbon steel by melt powder coating, the bonding strength of all coating systems was determined by the pull-off test. It is found tha...Fluororesin-based anti-corrosive coatings including graded FEP/PPS were prepared on carbon steel by melt powder coating, the bonding strength of all coating systems was determined by the pull-off test. It is found that the poor adhesion of fluororesin coatings to metallic substrates is improved obviously by the graded coating structure of FEP/PPS, and the bonding strength reaches up to 11.8 MPa for the five-layer system. Examination by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） verifies that the distribution of main components is graded in the five-layer system, which is responsible for the enhancement of the interfacial bonding.展开更多
Normal plant growth and development ensures the timely maturity and expected yield of crops.The repair mechanism of genome damage under adverse circumstances is essential for maintaining regular plant growth.Herein,tw...Normal plant growth and development ensures the timely maturity and expected yield of crops.The repair mechanism of genome damage under adverse circumstances is essential for maintaining regular plant growth.Herein,two allelic growth retardation mutants of Chinese cabbage,grm1 and grm2,were obtained from EMS-mutagenized populations of wild-type'FT'isolated-cultured microspores and seeds,respectively.Both mutants stably inherited and exhibited stunted growth with smaller leafy-heads.Genetic analysis and allelism test manifested that the mutated trait was triggered by a same single recessive nuclear gene.Via BSR-Seq,Brgrm1 was mapped to a target region including 20 genes on chromosome A09.Whole-genome re-sequencing revealed that BraA09g024830.3C in grm1 had a single base(A)deletion in the 17th exon,leading to a termination codon(TAG).Genotyping showed that the mutated phenotype co-segregated with the InDel in recombinants of the closest linkage markers.In addition,cloning of BraA09g024830.3C in grm2 found that a base substitution(G-A)occurred in the last base of the 1st intron causing an additional 263-bp retention in coding sequences,which in turn led to a termination codon(TAA).BraA09g024830.3C(BrDDB1A)is a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana Damaged DNA Binding Protein 1A(DDB1A),a key gene of UV tolerance involved in DNA damage repair.The two mutants exhibited normal plant growth identical with wild-type under an extremely low UV radiation.Our results demonstrated that BrDDB1A contributes to maintaining regular plant growth in Chinese cabbage,which provide insights into elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying Chinese cabbage growth and development.展开更多
Emerging evidence indicates that CXCL12/ CXCR4 signaling is involved in chronic pain. However, few studies have systemically assessed its role in direct nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and the underlying mech- a...Emerging evidence indicates that CXCL12/ CXCR4 signaling is involved in chronic pain. However, few studies have systemically assessed its role in direct nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and the underlying mech- anism. Here, we determined that spared nerve injury （SNI） increased the expression of CXCL12 and its cognate receptor CXCR4 in lumbar 5 dorsal root ganglia （DRG） neurons and satellite glial cells. SNI also induced long- lasting upregulation of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the ipsi- lateral L4-5 spinal cord dorsal horn, characterized by CXCL12 expression in neurons and microglia, and CXCR4 expression in neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, SNI- induced a sustained increase in TNF-α expression in the DRG and spinal cord. Intraperitoneal injection （i.p.） of the TNF-α synthesis inhibitor thalidomide reduced the SNI-in- duced mechanical hypersensitivity and inhibited the expression of CXCL12 in the DRG and spinal cord. Intrathecal injection （i.t.） of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100, both 30 rain before and 7 days after SNI, reduced the behavioral signs of allodynia. Rats given an i.t. or i.p. bolus of AMD3100 on day 8 of SNI exhibited attenuated abnormal pain behaviors. The neuropathic pain established following SNI was also impaired by i.t. admin- istration of a CXCL12-neutralizing antibody. Moreover, repetitive i.t. AMD3100 administration prevented the acti- vation of ERK in the spinal cord. The mechanical hyper- sensitivity induced in nai＇ve rats by i.t. CXCL12 was alleviated by pretreatment with the MEK inhibitor PD98059. Collectively, our results revealed that TNF-α might mediate the upregulation of CXCL12 in the DRG and spinal cord following SNI, and that CXCL 12/CXCR4 sig- naling via ERK activation contributes to the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain.展开更多
RNA splicing and spliceosome assembly in eukaryotes occur mainly during transcription.However,co-transcriptional splicing has not yet been explored in plants.Here,we built transcriptomes of nascent chromatin RNAs in A...RNA splicing and spliceosome assembly in eukaryotes occur mainly during transcription.However,co-transcriptional splicing has not yet been explored in plants.Here,we built transcriptomes of nascent chromatin RNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana and showed that nearly all introns undergo co-transcriptional splicing,which occurs with higher efficiency for introns in protein-coding genes than for those in noncoding RNAs.Total intron number and intron position are two predominant features that correlate with co-transcriptional splicing efficiency,and introns with alternative 5′or 3′splice sites are less efficiently spliced.Furthermore,we found that mutations in genes encoding trans-acting proteins lead to more introns with increased splicing defects in nascent RNAs than in mature RNAs,and that introns with increased splicing defects in mature RNAs are inefficiently spliced at the co-transcriptional level.Collectively,our results not only uncovered widespread co-transcriptional splicing in Arabidopsis but also identified features that may affect or be affected by co-transcriptional splicing efficiency.展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51974192)the Distinguished Youth Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51925402)Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Project(2021SX-TD001).
文摘As a kind of green concrete,the mechanical properties and durability of cemented gangue backfill material(CGBM)will be affected if they are in acid mine water with sulfate ions in the long term.To improve the performance of CGBM in acid mine water with sulfate ions,CGBM specimens with different doses of barium hydroxide were immersed in sulfuric acid solutions of different concentrations for 270 days.The changes of mass,ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV)and compressive strength of the specimens at different ages were analyzed.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)were used to analyze the microstructure and composition of the specimens.The results show that incorporation of barium hydroxide into CGBM specimen can promote the formation of barium sulfate precipitation and inhibit the generation of corrosion products such as ettringite.Meanwhile,barium sulfate precipitation blocks the pore channel invaded by sulfuric acid solution,delaying the progress of corrosion reaction and making the interior of CGBM specimen more complete.And the specimen with 2.0 kg/m^(3)barium hydroxide was more effective in improving performance.This study provides a basis for the ratio design of CGBM in acid mine water with sulfate ions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21473233,21403277)the Frontier Science Program of Shell Global Solutions International B.V.(PT32281)+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0202802)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(14ZR1444600)~~
基金X.Liao gratefully thanks the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21706216)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020YFG0162)+3 种基金the Young Scholar Project in Xihua University.X.Li acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21972163)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and DHU Distinguished Young Professor Program,and the Development Fund for Shanghai Talents.Z.Jiang acknowledges financial support from the Joint Fund U1732267.M.Y.thanks the JSPS KAKENHI(No.JP 18H05517)JST-CREST for financial supports,and Riken SPring-8 for the approval of the SRXRD measurement(20190028)EXAFS studies were carried out at the BL14W1 beamline in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility[63],Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,China(16ssr-f00787).X.Liao gratefully thanks the useful discussion with Ya Wang and Yanmin Liu.
文摘Tuning the coordination environment is the research axis of single atom catalysts (SACs). SACs are commonly stabilized by various defects from support. Here, we report a lattice confined Pd SAC using MnO_(2) as support. Compared with the Pd clusters anchored on the surface, the lattice confined Pd single atoms allows spontaneous exaction of surrounding lattice oxygen at room temperature when employed in CO oxidation. The MnO_(2) supported Pd SAC exhibited a high turnover frequency of 0.203 s^(−1) at low reaction temperature, which is higher than that of recently reported Pd SACs. Theoretical calculations also confirmed the confined monatomic Pd activate lattice oxygen with an ultralow energy barrier. Our results illustrate that the unique coordination environment of single atom provided by lattice confinement is promising to boost the activity of SACs.
文摘Fluororesin-based anti-corrosive coatings including graded FEP/PPS were prepared on carbon steel by melt powder coating, the bonding strength of all coating systems was determined by the pull-off test. It is found that the poor adhesion of fluororesin coatings to metallic substrates is improved obviously by the graded coating structure of FEP/PPS, and the bonding strength reaches up to 11.8 MPa for the five-layer system. Examination by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） verifies that the distribution of main components is graded in the five-layer system, which is responsible for the enhancement of the interfacial bonding.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.31730082).
文摘Normal plant growth and development ensures the timely maturity and expected yield of crops.The repair mechanism of genome damage under adverse circumstances is essential for maintaining regular plant growth.Herein,two allelic growth retardation mutants of Chinese cabbage,grm1 and grm2,were obtained from EMS-mutagenized populations of wild-type'FT'isolated-cultured microspores and seeds,respectively.Both mutants stably inherited and exhibited stunted growth with smaller leafy-heads.Genetic analysis and allelism test manifested that the mutated trait was triggered by a same single recessive nuclear gene.Via BSR-Seq,Brgrm1 was mapped to a target region including 20 genes on chromosome A09.Whole-genome re-sequencing revealed that BraA09g024830.3C in grm1 had a single base(A)deletion in the 17th exon,leading to a termination codon(TAG).Genotyping showed that the mutated phenotype co-segregated with the InDel in recombinants of the closest linkage markers.In addition,cloning of BraA09g024830.3C in grm2 found that a base substitution(G-A)occurred in the last base of the 1st intron causing an additional 263-bp retention in coding sequences,which in turn led to a termination codon(TAA).BraA09g024830.3C(BrDDB1A)is a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana Damaged DNA Binding Protein 1A(DDB1A),a key gene of UV tolerance involved in DNA damage repair.The two mutants exhibited normal plant growth identical with wild-type under an extremely low UV radiation.Our results demonstrated that BrDDB1A contributes to maintaining regular plant growth in Chinese cabbage,which provide insights into elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying Chinese cabbage growth and development.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31171070,81171060,81501070and 81571079)
文摘Emerging evidence indicates that CXCL12/ CXCR4 signaling is involved in chronic pain. However, few studies have systemically assessed its role in direct nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and the underlying mech- anism. Here, we determined that spared nerve injury （SNI） increased the expression of CXCL12 and its cognate receptor CXCR4 in lumbar 5 dorsal root ganglia （DRG） neurons and satellite glial cells. SNI also induced long- lasting upregulation of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the ipsi- lateral L4-5 spinal cord dorsal horn, characterized by CXCL12 expression in neurons and microglia, and CXCR4 expression in neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, SNI- induced a sustained increase in TNF-α expression in the DRG and spinal cord. Intraperitoneal injection （i.p.） of the TNF-α synthesis inhibitor thalidomide reduced the SNI-in- duced mechanical hypersensitivity and inhibited the expression of CXCL12 in the DRG and spinal cord. Intrathecal injection （i.t.） of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100, both 30 rain before and 7 days after SNI, reduced the behavioral signs of allodynia. Rats given an i.t. or i.p. bolus of AMD3100 on day 8 of SNI exhibited attenuated abnormal pain behaviors. The neuropathic pain established following SNI was also impaired by i.t. admin- istration of a CXCL12-neutralizing antibody. Moreover, repetitive i.t. AMD3100 administration prevented the acti- vation of ERK in the spinal cord. The mechanical hyper- sensitivity induced in nai＇ve rats by i.t. CXCL12 was alleviated by pretreatment with the MEK inhibitor PD98059. Collectively, our results revealed that TNF-α might mediate the upregulation of CXCL12 in the DRG and spinal cord following SNI, and that CXCL 12/CXCR4 sig- naling via ERK activation contributes to the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China and National Science Foundation of China(91740202).Y.W.was supported by a fellowship from Shenzhen Un iversity.
文摘RNA splicing and spliceosome assembly in eukaryotes occur mainly during transcription.However,co-transcriptional splicing has not yet been explored in plants.Here,we built transcriptomes of nascent chromatin RNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana and showed that nearly all introns undergo co-transcriptional splicing,which occurs with higher efficiency for introns in protein-coding genes than for those in noncoding RNAs.Total intron number and intron position are two predominant features that correlate with co-transcriptional splicing efficiency,and introns with alternative 5′or 3′splice sites are less efficiently spliced.Furthermore,we found that mutations in genes encoding trans-acting proteins lead to more introns with increased splicing defects in nascent RNAs than in mature RNAs,and that introns with increased splicing defects in mature RNAs are inefficiently spliced at the co-transcriptional level.Collectively,our results not only uncovered widespread co-transcriptional splicing in Arabidopsis but also identified features that may affect or be affected by co-transcriptional splicing efficiency.
