MiR-181b suppresses proliferation of and reduces chemoresistance to temozolomide in U87 glioma stem cells

MicroRNAs regulate self renewal and differentiation of cancer stem cells.There,we sought to identify the expression of miR-181b in glioma stem cells and investigate the biological effect of miR-181b on glioma stem cells in this study.MiR-181b expression was measured by real-time PCR in glioma stem cells isolated from U87 cells by FACS sorting.After miR-181b was overexpressed in U87 glioma stem cells by miR-181b lentiviral expression vector and/or treatment of temozolomide,secondary neurosphere assay,soft agar colony assay and MTT assay were performed.Compared with U87 cells,the expression of miR-181b was significantly decreased in U87 glioma stem cells.Overexpression of miR-181b decreased neurosphere formation by U87 glioma stem cells in vitro and suppressed colony formation in soft agar,and the cell growth inhibition rates increased in a time-dependent manner in U87 glioma stem cells infected with miR-181b lentivirus.Furthermore,miR-181b had a synergistic effect on temozolomide-induced inhibition of secondary neurosphere and soft agar colony,and on cell growth inhibition rates.MiR-181b functions as a tumor suppressor that suppresses proliferation and reduces chemoresistance to temozolomide in glioma stem cells.

CRISPR-Cas13a system: a novel approach to precision oncology

A paper titled"The CRISPR-Cas13 a gene-editing system induces collateral cleavage of RNA in glioma cells",recently published in Advanced Science by the Kang group,reports the promising application of the CRISPR-Cas13 a system in cancer cells1.

Non-traditional cognitive brain network involvement in insulo-Sylvian gliomas:a case series study and clinical experience using Quicktome

Background Patients with insulo-Sylvian gliomas continue to present with severe morbidity in cognitive functions primarily due to neurosurgeons’lack of familiarity with non-traditional brain networks.We sought to identify the frequency of invasion and proximity of gliomas to portions of these networks.Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 45 patients undergoing glioma surgery centered in the insular lobe.Tumors were categorized based on their proximity and invasiveness of non-traditional cognitive networks and traditionally eloquent structures.Diffusion tensor imaging tractography was completed by creating a personalized brain atlas using Quicktome to determine eloquent and non-eloquent networks in each patient.Additionally,we prospectively collected neuropsychological data on 7 patients to compare tumor-network involvement with change in cognition.Lastly,2 prospective patients had their surgical plan influenced by network mapping determined by Quicktome.Results Forty-four of 45 patients demonstrated tumor involvement(<1 cm proximity or invasion)with components of non-traditional brain networks involved in cognition such as the salience network(SN,60%)and the central executive network(CEN,56%).Of the seven prospective patients,all had tumors involved with the SN,CEN(5/7,71%),and language network(5/7,71%).The mean scores of MMSE and MOCA before surgery were 18.71±6.94 and 17.29±6.26,respectively.The two cases who received preoperative planning with Quicktome had a postoperative performance that was anticipated.Conclusions Non-traditional brain networks involved in cognition are encountered during surgical resection of insulo-Sylvian gliomas.Quicktome can improve the understanding of the presence of these networks and allow for more informed surgical decisions based on patient functional goals.

Molecular diagnosis and treatment of meningiomas:an expert consensus(2022)

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasm with diverse pathological types and complicated clinical manifestations.The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System(WHO CNS5),published in 2021,introduces major changes that advance the role of molecular diagnostics in meningiomas.To follow the revision of WHO CNS5,this expert consensus statement was formed jointly by the Group of Neuro-Oncology,Society of Neurosurgery,Chinese Medical Association together with neuropathologists and evidence-based experts.The consensus provides reference points to integrate key biomarkers into stratification and clinical decision making for meningioma patients.

Periostin promotes EMT via inhibition of RIN1-mediated endocytosis of EGFR in gliomas

Purpose:Approximately 1/3 of brain tumors are gliomas.Previous glioma-related studies have reported increased expression of periostin(POSTN)in these cancerous tissues,but the role and mechanism of POSTN in glioma development remain unclear.Methods:Nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(nano LC-MS/MS)and RNA sequencing were used to identify diferential protein and mRNA expression in clinical glioma samples.Quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)was used to measure the expression of POSTN in tissues and cells.The efects of POSTN on glioma cell migration and invasion were examined using wound healing,Transwell,and three-dimensional spheroid assays in vitro and a nude mouse xenograft model in vivo.The efects of POSTN on the stability,endocytosis,and degradation of EGFR were examined by immunoblotting and immunofuorescence staining.Truncation mutation analysis was performed to investigate direct interactions between POSTN and EGFR.Immunohistochemical staining was carried out to confrm the clinical signifcance of POSTN.Results:Overexpression of POSTN induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in glioma cells in vivo and in vitro.Mechanistically,POSTN downregulation inhibited EGFR signaling by promoting EGFR endocytosis and degradation.In addition,POSTN was found to bind to EGFR and RIN1,inhibiting EGFR endocytosis and degradation and thus activating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Conclusion:These fndings indicate the mechanism by which the POSTN/EGFR/RIN1 axis inhibits EGFR endocytosis and degradation,resulting in glioma cell EMT through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.Targeting POSTN/EGFR/RIN1 interactions may guarantee benefcial outcomes of glioma treatment.

CACA guidelines for holistic integrative management of glioma

Glioma of the brain is a kind of tumor originating from neuroglial cells.It is the most common primary intracranial tumor,accounting for~30%of all central nervous system tumors and 80% of malignant brain tumors.Glioma is characterized by high disability and recurrence rates.The disease seriously threatens the life of patients,afects their quality of life,and brings a heavy economic and psychological burden to patients,families,and society.With the progression of molecular genetic testing technology and the completion of various clinical trials,the classifcation scheme for glioma is increasingly well established.Diagnosis and treatment regimens,including traditional and new regimens,are becoming increasingly specialized and standardized.The purpose is to develop a clinical diagnosis and treatment guideline for glioma in the Chinese population suitable for Chinese doctors and the general population based on domestic and international glioma research progress.Thus,domestic practitioners in the feld can obtain current information and provide better service to patients with glioma,promoting the development of domestic clinical medicine and basic research on glioma.