赵云待遇与其才能贡献不合

赵云资格老,两次救(夺)阿斗,对刘备和蜀汉政权有特殊贡献;成熟,深明大义,有政治头脑和良好品德,敢讲话讲真话;善于识人,不贪女色;有较高军事素养,敢于打仗,善于打仗。可是赵云没有享受关羽、马超、魏延等“同龄人”的待遇。究其原因主要有他从事的工作导致其少立功,入蜀前其主要职责是保卫后方中枢,掌管内务;没有多给赵云机会打仗立功;他说话耿直,直言相谏,不看对象;不争不抢,淡泊名利。近年来,出现有人对赵云评价较低的情况,这与陈寿给予赵云的记载文字过少有关。

Error Probability for Convolutional Codes with Weight Enumerating Function

The paper introduces the state reduction algorithm and accelerated state reduction algorithm are used to compute the distance weight enumerator(transfer function) T[x,y] of convolutional codes.Next use computer simulation to compare upper bound on the bit error probability on an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) for maximum free distance (MFD) codes of previously found and optimum distance spectrum (ODS) codes with rate 1/4,overall constraint length are 5 and 7,respectively. Finally,a method of how to search for good convolutional codes is given.

Review on degradation mechanism and health state estimation methods of lithium-ion batteries

State of health(SOH)estimation is important for a lithium-ion battery(LIB)health state management system,and accurate estimation of SOH is influenced by the degree of degradation of the LIB.However,considering the complex electrochemical reactions within Li electrons and the influence of many external factors on internal reactions,it is difficult to accurately estimate the SOH based on the surface state characteristics of the battery(including current,voltage,and temperature).Thus,in this study,the knowledge graph method is employed to analyze keyword co-occurrences and citations in the literature on LIB degradation and SOH estimation to determine research hotspots.Based on the research trends,findings regarding the internal and external degradation mechanisms and influencing factors of(LIBs)are reorganized,and chemical and physical degradation processes,including solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer formation,fracture,Li plating,and dendrite formation,are systematically introduced based on the modeling perspective.The interrelationships between these degradation factors and their effects on capacity and power decay as well as their correlation with SOH estimation are evaluated.Additionally,a comparative analysis of existing SOH estimation methods is presented,and the applicable scenarios and technical problems of each method are summarized.The key issues such as model simplification,estimation methods based on random data,and second-life SOH are also analyzed and discussed.The results show that the estimation results of methods mixing multiple models tend to be more accurate.Finally,the development trend of SOH estimation methods under complex degradation conditions and usage scenarios is analytically discussed.

Learning the right channel in multimodal imaging: automated experiment in piezoresponse force microscopy

We report the development and experimental implementation of the automated experiment workflows for the identification of thebest predictive channel for a phenomenon of interest in spectroscopic measurements. The approach is based on the combinationof ensembled deep kernel learning for probabilistic predictions and a basic reinforcement learning policy for channel selection. Itallows the identification of which of the available observational channels, sampled sequentially, are most predictive of selectedbehaviors, and hence have the strongest correlations. We implement this approach for multimodal imaging in piezoresponse forcemicroscopy (PFM), with the behaviors of interest manifesting in piezoresponse spectroscopy. We illustrate the best predictivechannel for polarization-voltage hysteresis loop and frequency-voltage hysteresis loop areas is amplitude in the model samples. Thesame workflow and code are applicable for any multimodal imaging and local characterization methods.

High-temperature Thermoelectric Properties of Cu-substituted Bi_2Ba_2Co_(2-x)Cu_xO_y Oxides

Cu-substituted Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy（0.0≤x≤0.4） samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method and the effect of Cu substitution on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties were investigated.The partial substitution of Cu for Co in Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy led to an increase in the electrical conductivity because of an increase in the hole concentration and grain size of sintered bodies.In addition,Cu substitution led to an increase in Seebeck coefficients while kept the thermal conductivity unchanged.The highest thermoelectric figure of merit（ZT value） was obtained in x=0.4 sample and the value was 1.5 times as large as that of Cu-free sample at 873 K.

Upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution quantification of single small extracellular vesicles

Although small EVs(sEVs)have been used widely as biomarkers in disease diagnosis,their heterogeneity at single EV level has rarely been revealed.This is because high-resolution characterization of sEV presents a major challenge,as their sizes are below the optical diffraction limit.Here,we report that upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)can be used for super-resolution profiling the molecular heterogeneity of sEVs.We show that Er3+-doped UCNPs has better brightness and Tm3+-doped UCNPs resulting in better resolution beyond diffraction limit.Through an orthogonal experimental design,the specific targeting of UCNPs to the tumour epitope on single EV has been cross validated,resulting in the Pearson’s R-value of 0.83 for large EVs and~65%co-localization double-positive spots for sEVs.Furthermore,super-resolution nanoscopy can distinguish adjacent UCNPs on single sEV with a resolution of as high as 41.9 nm.When decreasing the size of UCNPs from 40 to 27 nm and 18 nm,we observed that the maximum UCNPs number on single sEV increased from 3 to 9 and 21,respectively.This work suggests the great potentials of UCNPs approach“digitally”quantify the surface antigens on single EVs,therefore providing a solution to monitor the EV heterogeneity changes along with the tumour progression progress.

A simple small molecule as the acceptor for fullerene-free organic solar cells

A simple small molecule named DICTiF was designed,synthesized and used as the acceptor for solution processed bulk-heterojunction solar cells with polymer PBDB-T as the donor.A power conversion efficiency of 7.11%was obtained.

Perpetual cutoff method and CDE′(K, N) condition on graphs

By using the perpetual cutoff method,we prove two discrete versions of gradient estimates for bounded Laplacian on locally finite graphs with exception sets under the condition of CDE′(K,N).This generalizes a main result of F.Münch who considers the case of CD(K,∞)curvature.Hence,we answer a question raised by Münch.For that purpose,we characterize some basic properties of radical form of the perpetual cutoff semigroup and give a weak commutation relation between bounded LaplacianΔand perpetual cutoff semigroup P w t in our setting.

Optimal amounts of coconut oil in diets improve the growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nitrogen(45%crude protein)and iso-lipid(13%crude lipid)experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0%(the control),25%,50%,75%and 100%fish oil with coconut oil.The results showed that dietary CO had no significant effect on survival rate(SR.P>0.05).However,the specific growth rate was increased significantly when compared with the control group when fish were fed the diet with 50%CO(P<0.05).The saturated fatty acids were increased significantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle,whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in fish-fed diet with 50%CO;conversely,the content of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a,carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in fish-fed diet with 50%CO.To some extent,this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker.In conclusion,fish-fed diet with 50%CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity.Therefore,the optimal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%.