基于GIS的南华县耕地时空变化特征及其驱动力研究

在人类的发展历史长河中耕地一直有着十分重要的地位。在保护耕地方面人类必须要做的事情很多,处理好耕地的供需矛盾是粮食安全的关键。随着南华县经济不断发展和人口的增长,影响耕地变化的原因越来越多。本次研究以南华县为研究区,基于遥感影像和GIS软件分析近五年该地区耕地的空间变化趋势,并运用SPSS软件分析影响南华县耕地变化的驱动因子。通过研究得出如下结论:自2015年以来,南华县耕地面积一直处于增加的过程,由平缓增加变为急速增加;南华县耕地的空间分布格局比较明显,增加的耕地主要位于南华县内水土资源良好的大部分地区,耕地减少的区域主要分布在原有耕地的边缘以及相邻地区,南华县耕地总体来说处于增加趋势;农民人均收入、农业生产总值、社会固定资产投资总额、粮食产量是影响耕地面积变化的主要驱动力。

Multiple lines of evidence confirm that the critically endangered Blue-crowned Laughingthrush(Garrulax courtoisi)is an independent species

The taxonomy of the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush(Garrulax courtoisi)and its relationship with the Yellowthroated Laughingthrush(G.galbanus)and G.c.simaoensis,a range-restricted subspecies in China,has not been fully elucidated.So the taxonomic status and system evolution of the three taxa G.courtoisi,G.galbanus and G.c.simaoensis need to be reclarified.Two gene sequences myoglobin(MYO)and the mitochondrial cytochrome coxidase subunit I(COI)were combined to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among courtoisi,simaoensis and galbanus,genetic data,combining with morphological,ecological and acoustic data were used to comb out the classification status and divergence level of the three taxa.Significant genetic and morphological differentiations(body size and plumage coloration)were detected between courtoisi and galbanus.However,no notable and reliable differences between the courtoisi and simaoensis were detected.The courtoisi,simaoensis and galbanus are clearly isolated in geographical distribution as a result of differing altitudes,climate conditions and habitats.The courtoisi has characteristic preference for nest location compared with galbanus.In addition,the results of song analysis also indicated that there are differences in maximum frequency between courtoisi and galbanus.G.courtoisi was confirmed to be an independent species based on genetic,morphological,geographical,ecological and vocal characteristics,and the validity of simaoensis as a subspecies still need more evidence.This study further confirmed the high conservation value of Blue-crowned Laughingthrush.In addition,due to the genetic differences between Simao and Wuyuan populations,this should be fully considered in future protection strategies.

Oligodendrocyte-like cell transplantation for acute spinal cord injury

In this study, we used insulin-like growth factor-1 to induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） to differentiate into oligodendrocyte-like cells. Cell surface marker identification showed that they expressed myelin basic protein and galactosylceramide, two specific markers of oligodendrocytes. These cells were transplanted into rats with acute spinal cord injury at Tt0. At 8 weeks post-implantation, oligodendrocyte-like cells were observed to have survived at the injury site The critical angle of the inclined plane, and Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scores were all increased. Furthermore, latencies of motion-evoked and somatosensory-evoked potentials were decreased. These results demonstrate that transplantation of oligodendrocytic-induced MSCs promote functional recovery of injured spinal cord.

Network Pharmacological Mechanism Research of Herba Drynariae Rhizoma-Epimedii Folium in Treating Osteoarthritis

Objective: To investigate the potential mechanism of Drynariae Rhizoma-Epimedii Folium in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) based on network pharmacology. Methods: The potential active constituents and targets of Drynariae Rhizoma-Epimedii Folium were screened through the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP). Genecards database is used to find relevant targets of OA. The targets of “Drynariae Rhizoma-Epimedii Folium” were mapped to the targets of OA, and used Cytoscape software to build a “drug-ingredient-target-di- sease” regulatory network and protein protein interaction (PPI) network. R software was used to analyze the Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of traditional Chinese medicine-disease targets. Results: Thirty-four effective ingredients and 130 traditional Chinese medicine-disease targets were screened out for the treatment of OA. The GO functions of traditional Chinese medicine-disease targets mainly included cytokine activity, cytokine receptor binding, nuclear receptor activity, transcription factor activity, proximal promoter DNA-binding transcription activator activity, DNA-binding transcription activator activity, phosphatase binding and so on. KEGG pathways involved in traditional Chinese medicine-disease targets mainly included TLR4 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, apoptotic signaling pathway and so on. Conclusion: Network pharmacology may predict the multiple targets and multiple signaling pathways in Drynariae Rhizoma-Epimedii Folium treatment for OA, providing new ideas for future research.

Immobilized CeO_(2)@C-N Heterogenous Structures with Enhanced Dual Modal Photodynamic/Photothermal Bacterial Inactivation Under NIR Laser Irradiation

Non-antibiotic fungicides are urgently needed due to the potential threat of drug-resistant bacteria to human health.In this research,a novel antibacterial nanoplatform based on CeO_(2)@C-N has been developed to achieve rapid near-infrared(NIR)laser-induced sterilization.The prepared CeO_(2)@C-N hybrid material exhibited a nanowire-like structure,with dispersed CeO_(2)nanoparticles averaging 5 nm in size within the heterogeneous configuration.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Raman spectra revealed that the heterogenous structures have a significant amount of oxygen vacancies and defects.Notably,CeO_(2)@C-N has a narrower band gap than CeO_(2),which allows for broader absorbance extending to the NIR region.With these unique physiochemical properties,CeO_(2)@C-N could inactivate E.coli and MRSA at a low concentration(20 mg/L)under 808 nm NIR laser(1 W/cm^(2))irradiation.The excellent bactericidal activity of CeO_(2)@C-N is attributed to the combination of photodynamic and photo thermal processes,based on its excellent photo-thermal conversion property,detection of reactive oxygen species(ROS)(^(1)O_(2)and·OH)under light irradiation,and scavenger quenching experiment results.This study offers a feasible and efficient way to fabricate a highly effective antibacterial candidate.

Signatures of functional constraint at Fgfr1a Genes in schizothoracine fishes (Pisces: Cypriniformes): The dermal skeleton variation adapted to high-altitude environments

Fishes harbor a huge resource of phenotypic diversity and are useful for understanding the genetic basis of mor­phological variation.However,it is difficult to transfer classical genetic mapping to most non-model species.In this study,we performed a comparative sequence analysis of Fgfr1a to first interpret the evolution of this candi­date scale-loss gene in 15 schizothoracine fishes with various scale phenotypes.While considerable amino acid(AA)substitutions were observed,molecular evolution analysis indicates that the overall coding regions were subject to functional constraint.We also identified extra copies of Fgfr1a in 4 scale-loss fishes and detected ac­celerated evolution in one AA substitution specific to these duplicates.We speculate that Fgfr1a had accumulat­ed mutations in the ancestral lineage of scale-loss schizothoracine fishes before experiencing duplication events,which was further followed by the diversification of species.In silico mutation analysis predicted deleterious ef­fects of the mutations while no disruptive molecular mechanism was detected.Collectively,our results highlight the important role of Fgfr1a gene in the adaptive evolution of schizothoracine fishes during their radiation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.