A case of infectious endophthalmitis misdiagnosed as uveitis

Intraocular foreign body residue following ophthalmic surgery is rare but may cause severe postoperative occult inflammation.In some cases,small foreign bodies located in the anterior chamber angle may be missed by follow-up ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM).We report the case of an elderly female whose right eye was injured by a nail and received corneal repair surgery in our hospital.Eleven days post-surgery,we found a mobile,short,translucent,rod-shaped foreign body in the upper corner of the right eye and another in the iris root at 7 o’clock.Two months post-surgery,the patient consulted a doctor due to right eye redness,pain,and vision loss,which was ultimately shown to be associated with foreign body residue resulting in a delayed postoperative inflammatory response.The patient was cured by surgeries and active anti-inflammatory and anti-infection treatments,but the final diagnosis of the patient was infectious endophthalmitis misdiagnosed as uveitis,which worths our consideration.We also review relevant literature on the differentiation of postoperative infectious endophthalmitis from noninfectious uveitis.It’s a reminder that patients with delayed endophthalmitis after open ocular trauma should not exclude the possibility of intraocular foreign bodies.As well clinicians can distinguish infectious endophthalmitis from uveitis by needle aspiration biopsy or vitrectomy for microbial culture in order to determine the need for antibiotic treatment.

Fluorogenic sensing of amorphous aggregates,amyloid fibers,and chaperone activity via a near-infrared aggregation-induced emission-active probe

The presence of protein aggregates in numerous human diseases underscores the significance of detecting these aggregates to comprehend disease mechanisms and develop novel therapeutic approaches for combating these disorders.Despite the development of various biosensors and fluorescent probes that selectively target amyloid fibers or amorphous aggregates,there is still a lack of tools capable of simultaneously detecting both types of aggregates.Herein,we demonstrate the quantitative discernment of amorphous aggregates by QM-FN-SO3,an aggregationinduced emission(AIE)probe initially designed for detecting amyloid fibers.This probe easily penetrates the membranes of the widely-used prokaryotic model organism Escherichia coli,enabling the visualization of both amorphous aggregates and amyloid fibers through near-infrared fluorescence.Notably,the probe exhibits sensitivity in distinguishing the varying aggregation propensities of proteins,regardless of whether they form amorphous aggregates or amyloid fibers in vivo.These properties contribute to the successful application of the QM-FN-SO3 probe in the subsequent investigation of the antiaggregation activities of two outer membrane protein(OMP)chaperones,both in vitro and in their physiological environment.Overall,our work introduces a near-infrared fluorescent chemical probe that can quantitatively detect amyloid fibers and amorphous aggregates with high sensitivity in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,it demonstrates the applicability of the probe in chaperone biology and its potential as a high-throughput screening tool for protein aggregation inhibitors and folding factors.

Identification of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in neutrophils during sepsis-induced immunosuppression via bioinformatics analysis

To the Editor:Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.Sepsis deeply perturbs immune homeostasis,and impairs innate and adaptive immunity by directly altering the lifespan,production,and function of the effector cells responsibie for homeostasis.