Electro-optic modulators,which convert electrical signals onto the transmission light,are key devices in electro-optic modulating systems.Modulation efficiency is one of the most important parameters of an electro-opt...Electro-optic modulators,which convert electrical signals onto the transmission light,are key devices in electro-optic modulating systems.Modulation efficiency is one of the most important parameters of an electro-optic modulator,which directly determines the footprint and power consumption of the device.Generally,modulation efficiency strongly depends on the electro-optic response of the crystal.The Pb(In_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PIN-PMN-PT)single crystal with giant electro-optic coefficient(λ_(c))and high transparency indicates the potential to achieve greatly enhanced modulation efficiency.In this study,a prototype PIN-PMN-PT phase modulator was fabricated based on a titanium(Ti)in-diffusion waveguide,which is reported for the first time.The influences of titanium in-diffusion on the composition and domain structure of the PIN-PMN-PT single crystal were studied by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM),respectively.Finally,a half-wave voltage(V_(π))of 2.3 V was obtained using a device with 6-mm-long(L)electrodes.Furthermore,the electro-optic modulation efficiency(V_(π)L)was calculated as 1.38 V-cm,which was approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of commercial lithium niobate(LiNbO_(3),LN)phase modulators.Such enhanced modulation efficiency indicates more compact device and lower power consumption,which is of great significance for electro-optic modulation systems used in micro-fiber gyroscope,integrated photonic devices,etc.展开更多
To further enhance the property of piezoelectric materials is of great significance to improve the overall performance of electro-mechanical devices.Here in this work,we propose a thermal annealing and high temperatur...To further enhance the property of piezoelectric materials is of great significance to improve the overall performance of electro-mechanical devices.Here in this work,we propose a thermal annealing and high temperature poling approach to achieve significantly enhanced piezoelectricity in Pb(In_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)single bondPb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)single bondPbTiO_(3)(PIN-PMN-PT)crystals with a morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)composition.The main idea of our approach is to realize a more sufficiently polarized crystal via active manipulation of defects and orientation of defect polarization.Manipulation of defect dipoles by the high temperature poling is proved by the piezo-response force microscopy.Finally,a d_(33)of 3300 pC/N and a SE of 0.25%are obtained,nearly 60%higher than that of conventionally poled crystals.Moreover,such a boosting of piezoelectric property is obtained under a maintained Curie temperature.Our research not only reveals the active control of defect dipole via modified poling method in the PIN-PMN-PT crystal,but also provides a feasible strategy to further improve the property of piezoelectric materials.展开更多
In this study,we theoretically proposed a method to achieve an electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)-like effect in a whispering gallery mode resonator(WGMR)and experimentally validated the method in a lithium...In this study,we theoretically proposed a method to achieve an electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)-like effect in a whispering gallery mode resonator(WGMR)and experimentally validated the method in a lithium niobate(LN)device.Benefitting from the electro-optic and inverse piezoelectric effects of the LN material,two modes of the LN WGMR that are close in frequency can be tuned at different tuning rates,resulting in EIT-like resonance lineshapes.By varying the electric field applied to the LN WGMR,the full dynamic of the EIT-like phenomenon can be precisely controlled.The experimental results agreed well with the calculations based on the coupled mode theory.Moreover,we observed a hysteresis resulting from the photorefractive effect of LN.We believe our proposed method and demonstrated devices offer a way to control an EIT-like effect,which could have potential applications in light storage,quantum information processing,and enhanced sensing techniques.展开更多
An ultra-thin metasurface is proposed to realize wideband polarization-independent anomalous reflection. The sub-wavelengthresonator can produce different resonance modes, which are the result of the combined effect o...An ultra-thin metasurface is proposed to realize wideband polarization-independent anomalous reflection. The sub-wavelengthresonator can produce different resonance modes, which are the result of the combined effect of dielectric and the metallic structure.The gradient metasurface is done by six discrete orientation of the local sub-wavelength resonator which provides a phase gradient.The simulation and measured results show that 9 GHz bandwidth of the anomalous reflection is achieved.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52102143,51772239,62001369,62075088,and 51761145024)Shaanxi Province Project(Grant Nos.2017ktpt-21 and 2018TD-024)Jiangxi Technological Innovation Guidance Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.S20212BDH80017).
文摘Electro-optic modulators,which convert electrical signals onto the transmission light,are key devices in electro-optic modulating systems.Modulation efficiency is one of the most important parameters of an electro-optic modulator,which directly determines the footprint and power consumption of the device.Generally,modulation efficiency strongly depends on the electro-optic response of the crystal.The Pb(In_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PIN-PMN-PT)single crystal with giant electro-optic coefficient(λ_(c))and high transparency indicates the potential to achieve greatly enhanced modulation efficiency.In this study,a prototype PIN-PMN-PT phase modulator was fabricated based on a titanium(Ti)in-diffusion waveguide,which is reported for the first time.The influences of titanium in-diffusion on the composition and domain structure of the PIN-PMN-PT single crystal were studied by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM),respectively.Finally,a half-wave voltage(V_(π))of 2.3 V was obtained using a device with 6-mm-long(L)electrodes.Furthermore,the electro-optic modulation efficiency(V_(π)L)was calculated as 1.38 V-cm,which was approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of commercial lithium niobate(LiNbO_(3),LN)phase modulators.Such enhanced modulation efficiency indicates more compact device and lower power consumption,which is of great significance for electro-optic modulation systems used in micro-fiber gyroscope,integrated photonic devices,etc.
基金This work is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52102143,51772239,62001369 and 51761145024)Shaanxi province project(2017ktpt-21 and 2018TD-024)Jiangxi Technological Innovation Guidance Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.S20212BDH80017)。
文摘To further enhance the property of piezoelectric materials is of great significance to improve the overall performance of electro-mechanical devices.Here in this work,we propose a thermal annealing and high temperature poling approach to achieve significantly enhanced piezoelectricity in Pb(In_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)single bondPb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)single bondPbTiO_(3)(PIN-PMN-PT)crystals with a morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)composition.The main idea of our approach is to realize a more sufficiently polarized crystal via active manipulation of defects and orientation of defect polarization.Manipulation of defect dipoles by the high temperature poling is proved by the piezo-response force microscopy.Finally,a d_(33)of 3300 pC/N and a SE of 0.25%are obtained,nearly 60%higher than that of conventionally poled crystals.Moreover,such a boosting of piezoelectric property is obtained under a maintained Curie temperature.Our research not only reveals the active control of defect dipole via modified poling method in the PIN-PMN-PT crystal,but also provides a feasible strategy to further improve the property of piezoelectric materials.
基金Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20212BDH80017)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62001369)。
文摘In this study,we theoretically proposed a method to achieve an electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)-like effect in a whispering gallery mode resonator(WGMR)and experimentally validated the method in a lithium niobate(LN)device.Benefitting from the electro-optic and inverse piezoelectric effects of the LN material,two modes of the LN WGMR that are close in frequency can be tuned at different tuning rates,resulting in EIT-like resonance lineshapes.By varying the electric field applied to the LN WGMR,the full dynamic of the EIT-like phenomenon can be precisely controlled.The experimental results agreed well with the calculations based on the coupled mode theory.Moreover,we observed a hysteresis resulting from the photorefractive effect of LN.We believe our proposed method and demonstrated devices offer a way to control an EIT-like effect,which could have potential applications in light storage,quantum information processing,and enhanced sensing techniques.
文摘An ultra-thin metasurface is proposed to realize wideband polarization-independent anomalous reflection. The sub-wavelengthresonator can produce different resonance modes, which are the result of the combined effect of dielectric and the metallic structure.The gradient metasurface is done by six discrete orientation of the local sub-wavelength resonator which provides a phase gradient.The simulation and measured results show that 9 GHz bandwidth of the anomalous reflection is achieved.