维持性血液透析患者姑息照护需求和症状负担的调查研究

目的调查行维持性血液透析的终末期肾病患者姑息照护需求和症状负担的现况,并比较老年与非老年患者姑息照护需求和症状负担的差异。方法采用横断面调查法,选取2021年11月至2022年6月南京市2所三级医院血透中心的患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、姑息照护结局量表(Palliative Care Outcome Scale,POS)、透析症状指数(Dialysis Symptom Index,DSI)、欧洲五维健康量表(The European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions 3-Levels questionnaire,EQ-5D-3L)进行资料收集。采用描述性统计方法、组间比较和相关分析等进行资料分析。结果本研究共纳入236例患者,其中非老年和老年患者各118例。结果显示维持性血液透析患者POS中位数得分为16.0(12.0,23.0),老年患者得分更高(P<0.01)。患者平均症状数目为15.04±5.06,症状严重程度的中位数得分为59.0(52.0,71.0),老年患者得分更高(P<0.01)。患者最常见的症状是口干(91.5%),其次是瘙痒(83.1%)和皮肤干燥(82.2%)。此外,姑息照护需求与症状负担和生活质量之间存在显著相关性(P<0.01)。结论行维持性血液透析的终末期肾病患者症状负担严重并有中等程度的姑息照护需求,且在老年患者中尤为明显。未来需组建跨学科的姑息照护团队,除了积极管理患者的症状外,还需满足与姑息照护相关的生理、心理、社会和精神需求,以改善患者的生活质量。

Studies on the apoptosis of autonomic neuron in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate apoptosis of the autonomic neuron in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and observe the effect of intervention with nerve growth factor （NGF） on the apoptosis. Methods： A total of 29 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups, i.e. normal control （NC, n = 12）, untreated diabetic （DM, n = 9） and diabetic treated with NGF daily of 500 μg/kg for 30 days （DM＋NGF, n = 8）. The diabetic rat models were produced by intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin （65 mg/kg ）. Over 3 months since the diabetes were setup, the superior cervical sympathetic ganglions（SCG） and the celiac ganglions（CG） were removed and fixed with 10% paraformaldchyde. Apoptosis was measured using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling（TUNEL）. Apoptotic index （AI） was calculated by computer image analysis system. Results： The AI of SCG and CG in DM and DM＋NGF group were significant higher than those of NC group （P 〈 0.001） respectively. There was no difference of AI of SCG and CG between DM group and DM＋NGF group （both P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Neuron apoptosis may contribute to the pathophysiology of diabetic autonomic neuropathy and NGF can not prevent the apoptosis of autonomic neuron in diabetic rats.

Overview and countermeasures of cancer burden in China

Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death worldwide.Treatment of cancer exhausts significant medical resources,and the morbidity and mortality caused by cancer is a huge social burden.Cancer has therefore become a serious economic and social problem shared globally.As an increasingly prevalent disease in China,cancer is a huge challenge for the country’s healthcare system.Based on recent data published in the Journal of the National Cancer Center on cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2016,we analyzed the current trends in cancer incidence and changes in cancer mortality and survival rate in China.And also,we examined several key risk factors for cancer pathogenesis and discussed potential countermeasures for cancer prevention and treatment in China.

Circular RNA circCCNB1 inhibits the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through binding and stabilizing TJP1 mRNA

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant tumor that usually occurs in people from Southeast Asia and Southern China.NPC is prone to migration and invasion,leading to poor prognosis.A large number of circular RNAs(circ RNAs)exacerbate the process of metastasis in NPC;however,their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.We found that the circular RNA circ CCNB1,encoded by the oncogene CCNB1,was downregulated in NPC biopsies and cell lines.In vitro assays show that circ CCNB1 inhibits NPC cell migration and invasion.Moreover,circ CCNB1 induces a protein,nuclear factor 90(NF90),to bind and prolong the half-life of tight junction protein 1(TJP1)m RNA.Upregulation of TJP1 enhances tight junctions between cancer cells and inhibits NPC cell migration and invasion.This study reveals a novel biological function of circ CCNB1 in the migration and invasion of NPC by enhancing the tight junctions of cancer cells by binding to NF90 proteins and TJP1 m RNA,and may provide a potential therapeutic target for NPC.