The effects of five salt ingredients of sea water, KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 and MgSO4, on induction of cell prolif-eration in Sonneratia caseolaris were investigated. Proliferation was examined in tissue explants deriv...The effects of five salt ingredients of sea water, KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 and MgSO4, on induction of cell prolif-eration in Sonneratia caseolaris were investigated. Proliferation was examined in tissue explants derived from such as leaves, cotyledons, and hypocotyls using a small-scale liquid culture method. Addition of 12.5-25 mM of MgCl2 was unique in stimulating cell proliferation in all tissues of S. caseolaris. Otherwise, different effects of salts were observed among the three tissues. In hypocotyl culture, 25-50 mM of NaCl and CaCl2 stimulated cell divisions. Tolerance to 100 mM of MgSO4 was observed in leaves. Three osmotically active compounds commonly used in tissue culture, sorbitol, mannitol and glycinebetaine, were also tested to assess the importance of osmotic effects on cell proliferation. No significant stimulation by these was observed over a wide range of concentrations. Data were compared with those of cotyledon cultures of another mangrove, S. alba, which exhibits no stimulation by MgCl2, stimulation by KCl and tolerance to NaCl. Mechanisms for adaptation of mangrove plants to various and high salts were discussed by comparing the differences in reaction to salts in cultures of two Sonneratia mangrove species of the same genera growing different salt environment.展开更多
Amino acids profiles were investigated in tissues, cultured cells, i.e. callus or suspension cells, and their protoplasts of three mangrove species, Avicennia alba, Bruguiera sexangula, and Sonneratia alba. Original t...Amino acids profiles were investigated in tissues, cultured cells, i.e. callus or suspension cells, and their protoplasts of three mangrove species, Avicennia alba, Bruguiera sexangula, and Sonneratia alba. Original tissues of cultured cells of three mangrove species were cotyledons and hypocotyls, leaves, and cotyledons, respectively. In protoplasts isolated from cultured cells, glutamine and alanine were the major amino acids. Different contents of glycine, proline and serine were observed among protoplasts of three mangrove species. Large differences in the major amino acids were found among cultured cells and their protoplasts while no difference was found between callus and suspension cells independent of additional salt in culture medium. Protoplasts of original tissues, young leaves and cotyledons, contained alanine and glutamine and/or asparagine. In suspension cells of B. sexangula, total contents of amino acids were low while their protoplasts showed similar value as of other samples. Protoplasts of leaf and cotyledons of A. alba and cotyledons of A. lanata, A. marina and S. alba were also investigated. The total contents of amino acids and their profiles might be related to the recalcitrance for the growth and salt tolerance or halophilic nature of cells and basal media used for the maintenance of cell cultures or protoplast cultures of the mangrove species. This is the first report on callus induction from hypocotyls of A. alba.展开更多
文摘The effects of five salt ingredients of sea water, KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 and MgSO4, on induction of cell prolif-eration in Sonneratia caseolaris were investigated. Proliferation was examined in tissue explants derived from such as leaves, cotyledons, and hypocotyls using a small-scale liquid culture method. Addition of 12.5-25 mM of MgCl2 was unique in stimulating cell proliferation in all tissues of S. caseolaris. Otherwise, different effects of salts were observed among the three tissues. In hypocotyl culture, 25-50 mM of NaCl and CaCl2 stimulated cell divisions. Tolerance to 100 mM of MgSO4 was observed in leaves. Three osmotically active compounds commonly used in tissue culture, sorbitol, mannitol and glycinebetaine, were also tested to assess the importance of osmotic effects on cell proliferation. No significant stimulation by these was observed over a wide range of concentrations. Data were compared with those of cotyledon cultures of another mangrove, S. alba, which exhibits no stimulation by MgCl2, stimulation by KCl and tolerance to NaCl. Mechanisms for adaptation of mangrove plants to various and high salts were discussed by comparing the differences in reaction to salts in cultures of two Sonneratia mangrove species of the same genera growing different salt environment.
文摘Amino acids profiles were investigated in tissues, cultured cells, i.e. callus or suspension cells, and their protoplasts of three mangrove species, Avicennia alba, Bruguiera sexangula, and Sonneratia alba. Original tissues of cultured cells of three mangrove species were cotyledons and hypocotyls, leaves, and cotyledons, respectively. In protoplasts isolated from cultured cells, glutamine and alanine were the major amino acids. Different contents of glycine, proline and serine were observed among protoplasts of three mangrove species. Large differences in the major amino acids were found among cultured cells and their protoplasts while no difference was found between callus and suspension cells independent of additional salt in culture medium. Protoplasts of original tissues, young leaves and cotyledons, contained alanine and glutamine and/or asparagine. In suspension cells of B. sexangula, total contents of amino acids were low while their protoplasts showed similar value as of other samples. Protoplasts of leaf and cotyledons of A. alba and cotyledons of A. lanata, A. marina and S. alba were also investigated. The total contents of amino acids and their profiles might be related to the recalcitrance for the growth and salt tolerance or halophilic nature of cells and basal media used for the maintenance of cell cultures or protoplast cultures of the mangrove species. This is the first report on callus induction from hypocotyls of A. alba.
