Australia is a warm country with well-developed agriculture and a highly urbanized population.How these specific features impact the nitrogen cycle,emissions,and consequently affect environmental and human health is n...Australia is a warm country with well-developed agriculture and a highly urbanized population.How these specific features impact the nitrogen cycle,emissions,and consequently affect environmental and human health is not well understood.Here,we find that the ratio of reactive nitrogen(Nr)losses to air over losses to water in Australia is 1.6 as compared to values less than 1.1 in the USA,the European Union,and China.Australian Nr emissions to air increased by more than 70%between 1961 and 2013,from 1.2 Tg N yr^(-1) to 2.1 Tg N yr^(-1).Previous emissions were substantially underestimated mainly due to neglecting the warming climate.The estimated health cost from atmospheric Nr emissions in Australia is 4.6 billion US dollars per year.Emissions of Nr to the environment are closely correlated with economic growth,and reduction of Nr losses to air is a priority for sustainable development in Australia.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41822701 and 41773068)the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2018YFC0213300)+3 种基金the Discovery Early Career Researcher Award of the Australian Research Council(DE170100423)the Australia-China Joint Research Centre of Healthy Soils for Sustainable Food Production and Environmental Quality(ACSRF48165)supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council(NERC)National Capability award(NE/R000131/1)(Sus-tainable Use of Natural Resources to Improve Human HealthSupport Economic Development,SUNRISE)and award number(NE/R016429/1)as part of the UK-SCAPE pro-gramme delivering National Capability.
文摘Australia is a warm country with well-developed agriculture and a highly urbanized population.How these specific features impact the nitrogen cycle,emissions,and consequently affect environmental and human health is not well understood.Here,we find that the ratio of reactive nitrogen(Nr)losses to air over losses to water in Australia is 1.6 as compared to values less than 1.1 in the USA,the European Union,and China.Australian Nr emissions to air increased by more than 70%between 1961 and 2013,from 1.2 Tg N yr^(-1) to 2.1 Tg N yr^(-1).Previous emissions were substantially underestimated mainly due to neglecting the warming climate.The estimated health cost from atmospheric Nr emissions in Australia is 4.6 billion US dollars per year.Emissions of Nr to the environment are closely correlated with economic growth,and reduction of Nr losses to air is a priority for sustainable development in Australia.
