Correlation between sodium-iodide symporter expression and circulating tumor cell positivity in differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Objective We investigated the correlation between the expression of the sodium-iodide symporter(NIS) and the detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC).Methods NIS expression in differentiated thyroid and the positive rate of CTCs in the peripheral blood were determined by immunohistochemistry S-P and flow cytometry from the records of 172 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.Results Seventy-six cases(44.2%) expressed NIS in the differentiated thyroid and 63 cases(36.6%) were positive for CTCs in the peripheral blood. There was a significant difference between N0 and N1 in the expression of NIS(χ~2 = 6.015, P = 0.014) and the positive rate of CTCs(χ~2 = 14.035, P = 0.001). N0 and N1 also differed significantly in the expression of NIS(r =-0.383,-0.610, P = 0.002, < 0.001). The differences in the NIS expression, but not in the positive rate of CTCs, were significant among the different pathological subtypes(χ~2 = 7.897, P = 0.005; χ~2 = 1.455, P = 0.228, respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between the highly differentiated type and intermediate differentiation type both in the expression of NIS and positive rate of CTCs(r =-0.591,-0.443, P < 0.001, P = 0.002). Conclusion There was a significant negative correlation between the expression of tissue NIS and positive rate of CTCs in the peripheral blood in DTC. The malignancy level and lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma were negatively correlated with NIS expression and positively correlated with the positive rate of CTC.

CK19与MUC1联合检测对诊断甲状腺癌循环血微转移的临床意义(英文)

Objective: We aimed to detect cytokeratin 19(CK19) and polymorphic epithelial mucin 1(MUC1) expression in peripheral blood of thyroid cancer patients, and investigate the clinical value of it as a diagnostic marker for circulating blood micrometastases. Methods: The flow cytometry(FCM) was used to detect and analyze CK19 and MUC1-expressing cells in peripheral blood of 491 thyroid cancer patients. Results: CK19 and MUC1 expression showed no statistically significant difference with gender and age in thyroid cancer patients(P > 0.05), while had statistically significant difference with tumor size, lymph node stage and distant metastasis(P < 0.01). The expression of CK19 and MUC1 were positively correlated(r = 0.628, P = 0.00). Conclusion: CK19 is closely related to MUC1 expression, tumor size, extent of invasion and distant metastasis in peripheral blood of thyroid cancer patients. The circulating blood CK19 and MUC1 tests can help predict thyroid cancer micrometastases and prognosis.

射频诱导甲状腺癌钠/磺转运体表达的研究(英文)

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency treatment on sodium/iodide symporter expression of thyroid cancer cells. Methods: In 29 thyroid cancer patients with low or no expression of soda \ iodide symporter, the radio frequency combined131I therapy was used, the whole-body scintigraphy and serum Ig were detected before and after the radiofrequency treatment. Results: The whole-body scintigraphy showed that 4 cases(4/29) before radiofrequency treatment had positive iodine uptake, 19 cases(19/29) two weeks after radiofrequency treatment had the positive iodine uptake, 12 cases(12/29) four weeks after radiofrequency treatment had the positive iodine uptake. Four weeks after radiofrequency treatment, 5 cases had increased serum Ig levels, 17 cases had decreased serum Ig levels, 7 cases showed no change. 25 cases(25/29) were effective, 15 cases(15/29) were cured. Conclusion: The radiofrequency induced the non-expressed the sodium/iodide symporter of thyroid cancer cells regain the iodine intake ability, it improved the clinical efficacy of131I therapy in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer.

Scabrous patrinia root inhibits circulating tumor cells in differentiated thyroid carcinoma–a clinical observation

Objective To observe the clinical inhibition of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC) by the extract of scabrous patrinia root(Huikangling).Methods Eighty-seven DTC patients tested positive for CTCs were randomly divided into two groups; all patients were treated with oral levothyroxine sodium in accordance with the DTC endocrine inhibition treatment criteria. Patients(n = 45) in the treatment group were provided the standard endocrine therapy along with oral Huikangling(0.4 g/tablet, 0.4 g × 3/time, 3 times/day, 12 weeks). Patients(n = 42) in the control group were only provided the standard therapy. After 4 and 12 weeks, CTCs in the blood were detected by flow cytometry.Results After 4 weeks of oral Huikangling treatment, CTCs were detected in 18(40%) and 29(69%) patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively; the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 8.49, P < 0.05). After 12 weeks, CTCs were detected in 7(15.6%) and 17(44.7%) patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively; the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 5.68, P < 0.05). Follow-up evaluation revealed two patients with lung metastasis and one patient with bone metastasis in the control group; one patient showed lateral neck lymph node metastasis without local recurrence in the treatment group.Conclusion Huikangling treatment reduces the number of CTC-positive DTC cases; however, further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Effect of parathyroid hormone on apoptosis of human medullary thyroid carcinoma cells

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of parathyroid hormone(PTH) on the apoptosis of human medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC) cells.Methods In vitro cultured medullary thyroid carcinoma cell lines were treated with parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone receptor-monoclonal antibody,and the apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometry.Results The cell morphology changed significantly after treatment based on the observation using the inverted phase-contrast microscope.Various concentrations of parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone receptor-monoclonal antibody effectively induced apoptosis in a time-and concentrationdependent manner.When the concentration of parathyroid hormone was 2.0 μmol/L and that of parathyroid hormone receptor-monoclonal antibody was 1.0 μmol/L,the apoptotic rate was 13.24% and 20.78%,respectively,representing a statistically significant difference from that of the control cells(P < 0.05).Conclusion PTH plays a role in inducing apoptosis of human MTC cells.

Clinical significance of BRAF^(V600E) and TERT promoter mutation in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between BRAF^(V600E) and TERT promoter mutations and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) risk factors, and their importance in the risk assessment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 107 cases of PTMC, which were diagnosed after the surgery in the department of head and neck surgery in Gansu Province Tumor Hospital from October 2014to June 2016. The mutations of BRAFV^(600E) and TERT promoter were detected by PCR direct sequencing.We analyzed the data usingχ~2 test and binary Logistic regression analysis.Results Among 107 patients with PTMC, the BRAFV^(600E) and TERT promoter mutation rates were 68.2%and 11.2%, respectively. Single factor analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the presence of membrane invasion, lymph node metastasis, and BRAFV^(600E) mutations (P<0.01). The age,gender, thyroid capsular invasion, poor pathologic subtype, and lymph node metastasis of patients, was significantly associated with the TERT promoter mutation (P<0.05) and the coexistence of the BRAF^(V600E)and TERT promotor mutations; although, there was a difference between the association of these factors with the TERT promoter mutation and the association of these factors with the coexistence of the BRAF^(V600E)and TERT promotor mutations. The multifactorial analysis showed that the factors closely related to the BRAFV^(600E) mutation included capsular invasion (P=0.012) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.000). The following factors were closely associated with the TERT promoter mutant:male (P=0.004), aged <45 years(P=0.026), capsular invasion (P=0.004), pathological subtype (P=0.030), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.043). The following factors were closely related to the simultaneous mutation of BRAFV^(600E) and TERT:male (P=0.022), capsular invasion (P=0.023), poor pathological subtype (P=0.041), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.030).Conclusion The risk of recurrence increases significantly when mutations in BRAFV^(600E) and TERT promoters occur simultaneously in PTMC and may have adverse outcomes. Combined detection of BRAFV^(600E) and TERT promoter mutations is of great value in risk assessment of PTMC.