This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been...This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been successfully employed, DG simulations of chemically reacting flows introduce challenges that arise from flow unsteadiness, combustion, heat release, compressibility effects, shocks, and variations in thermodynamic properties. To address these challenges, algorithms are developed, including an entropy-bounded DG method, an entropy-residual shock indicator, and a new formulation of artificial viscosity. The performance and capabilities of the resulting DG method are demonstrated in several relevant applications, including shock/bubble interaction, turbulent combustion, and detonation. It is concluded that the developed DG method shows promising performance in application to multicomponent reacting flows. The paper concludes with a discussion of further research needs to enable the application of DG methods to more complex reacting flows.展开更多
To address the challenge of highly sensitive and accurate detection of biomarkers in complex environments,a rational engineering strategy for designing electrochemical immunosensing platform is proposed.Herein,we deve...To address the challenge of highly sensitive and accurate detection of biomarkers in complex environments,a rational engineering strategy for designing electrochemical immunosensing platform is proposed.Herein,we develop a microsensor chip through the combination of multiplexed electrodes and microfluidic channels for the parallel detection of human interleukins(IL-6 and IL-8).For the construction of an efficient sensing interface,the conductive silver nanowires(Ag NWs)wrapped with zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF-8)thin film(denoted as ZIF-8@Ag NWs)are prepared,and then employed for the multi-functionalization of electrodes.The immunodetection of ILs is based on the direct signal transduction ability of Ag NWs and specific interaction of periodically arranged Zn2+ions in ZIF-8 films with biomolecules,which offer the high assay sensitivity and good specificity.The immunosensor chip achieves a wide detection range from pg/mL to ng/mL and possesses the ability to resist non-specific proteins adsorption in biological complex media.Further clinical serum samples assay verifies that the combination of IL-6 and IL-8 levels yields high diagnostic accuracy.Principal component analysis(PCA)reveals that 18 patient samples could be fully separated from healthy control samples.The low-cost,easily fabricated electrochemical immunosensing platform provides a rapid serum test for diagnosis and personalized therapy of inflammatory diseases,and can also be generalized to other immunoreaction-based biomarkers detections.展开更多
基金supported by an Early Career Faculty grant from NASA's Space Technology Research Grants Programprovided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center
文摘This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been successfully employed, DG simulations of chemically reacting flows introduce challenges that arise from flow unsteadiness, combustion, heat release, compressibility effects, shocks, and variations in thermodynamic properties. To address these challenges, algorithms are developed, including an entropy-bounded DG method, an entropy-residual shock indicator, and a new formulation of artificial viscosity. The performance and capabilities of the resulting DG method are demonstrated in several relevant applications, including shock/bubble interaction, turbulent combustion, and detonation. It is concluded that the developed DG method shows promising performance in application to multicomponent reacting flows. The paper concludes with a discussion of further research needs to enable the application of DG methods to more complex reacting flows.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3200804)Shanghai“Road and Belt”International Cooperation Project(No.19520744200)the Key Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.20JC1415303).
文摘To address the challenge of highly sensitive and accurate detection of biomarkers in complex environments,a rational engineering strategy for designing electrochemical immunosensing platform is proposed.Herein,we develop a microsensor chip through the combination of multiplexed electrodes and microfluidic channels for the parallel detection of human interleukins(IL-6 and IL-8).For the construction of an efficient sensing interface,the conductive silver nanowires(Ag NWs)wrapped with zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF-8)thin film(denoted as ZIF-8@Ag NWs)are prepared,and then employed for the multi-functionalization of electrodes.The immunodetection of ILs is based on the direct signal transduction ability of Ag NWs and specific interaction of periodically arranged Zn2+ions in ZIF-8 films with biomolecules,which offer the high assay sensitivity and good specificity.The immunosensor chip achieves a wide detection range from pg/mL to ng/mL and possesses the ability to resist non-specific proteins adsorption in biological complex media.Further clinical serum samples assay verifies that the combination of IL-6 and IL-8 levels yields high diagnostic accuracy.Principal component analysis(PCA)reveals that 18 patient samples could be fully separated from healthy control samples.The low-cost,easily fabricated electrochemical immunosensing platform provides a rapid serum test for diagnosis and personalized therapy of inflammatory diseases,and can also be generalized to other immunoreaction-based biomarkers detections.
