梓醇对H_(2)O_(2)诱导成骨细胞损伤的影响及机制

目的探究梓醇对H_(2)O_(2)诱导成骨细胞损伤的影响及机制。方法将小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1分为对照组、模型组、空载组(转染空载质粒)、梓醇组(100μmol/L)、梓醇+叉头框蛋白O3(FoxO3)过表达组(100μmol/L梓醇+转染FoxO3过表达质粒),经梓醇和转染处理后,除对照组细胞不作处理外,其余各组细胞以H_(2)O_(2)诱导建立成骨细胞氧化应激模型。检测各组细胞活力、凋亡率、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性、钙结节光密度(OD)值、活性氧(ROS)的平均荧光强度(MFI)、抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性、炎症因子[白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-1β]水平、FoxO3/Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。结果与对照组比较,模型组细胞活力、ALP活性、钙结节OD值、抗氧化酶活性和Wnt、β-catenin蛋白表达水平均显著降低,凋亡率、ROS的MFI、炎症因子水平和FoxO3蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,空载组细胞上述指标均无明显变化(P>0.05),梓醇组细胞上述指标均显著逆转(P<0.05);与梓醇组比较,梓醇+FoxO3过表达组细胞上述指标的逆转效果均被显著削弱(P<0.05)。结论梓醇可通过下调FoxO3激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,抑制H_(2)O_(2)诱导的MC3T3-E1细胞氧化应激和炎症反应,提高细胞活力与成骨分化能力,抑制细胞凋亡。

智能交通场景下的交互导识设计原则

目的探索智能交通场景下交互导识设计的原则,研究如何灵活应用多模态技术和交互设计方法,提升导识系统的效率和适应性,进而改善用户的出行体验。方法通过文献综述和案例分析,详细梳理和总结了交互导识设计在实际应用中的主要发展趋势、存在问题及设计师面临的挑战。结果研究显示,目前的交互导识出现了多通道应用、多终端融合,以及多样化的模式,这些变化使导识设计超越了传统静态和分散的形式,呈现出由多种维度支持的复合形态,进而要求设计师重新审视这一复杂的设计对象,调整设计原则以适应新的需求。结论提出了适用于智能交通环境下的交互导识设计原则和设计建议,包括建立更系统化的导识信息、打造一致性的用户体验和提供丰富的信息形态。

浅谈300吨大型转炉检修危险作业的安全管理

冶金企业大型转炉检修复杂多变,参与检修的人员众多,现场交叉作业多,涉及高处、煤气、有限空间、动火等危险作业,特别是部分检修任务进行临时外委施工,进一步加大了检修安全管理的难度。为此,应通过开展危险源辨识和隐患排查治理、加强危险作业安全管控等措施,全面提升大型转炉检修作业的安全管理水平。

基于LabVIEW的燃料电池控制程序设计

燃料电池作为一种新兴的高效、安全、环保的动力源,逐渐在汽车、船舶等领域得到广泛应用。然而燃料电池结构复杂、所包含元器件多,因此要求燃料电池控制系统能够全面监测运行状态并能够对运行过程进行实时控制。该文针对现有燃料电池样机,基于LabVIEW软件搭建燃料电池控制系统,完成上下位机通信程序及软件界面设计。通过仿真调试,所设计的燃料电池控制程序可实现燃料电池的全面状态监测及实时控制,满足燃料电池的控制需要。

新能源预测纳入备用对平衡和消纳的影响研究

高渗透率新能源深刻影响了日前电力平衡模式,新能源纳入日前电力系统备用面临高峰电力平衡不确定性增大、保供与新能源消纳统筹难度增大等问题。为此,综合分析了新能源纳入日前电力系统备用比例与电力保供、新能源消纳的关系。首先,研究了新能源纳入比例与电力保供的关系,提出了基于保供可靠性的新能源纳入比例上限的数学解析公式,进一步分析了影响新能源纳入比例上限的关键因素;然后,研究了新能源纳入比例与新能源消纳的关系,提出了基于消纳需要的新能源纳入比例下限的数学解析公式;最后,基于新能源纳入比例上、下限,提出了一种用以量化反映电网保供和消纳难度的综合指数。实例分析及应用验证所提方法的科学性和实用性。

新型双定子双凸极可变磁通记忆电机设计与性能比较

结合双凸极结构、双定子和混合永磁体的特点,提出了三种新型双定子双凸极可变磁通记忆电机(DS-DSVFMM)。通过采用高矫顽力和低矫顽力两组永磁体,实现了电机的高转矩密度和在线调磁功能。为了充分利用电机的内部空间,高矫顽力和低矫顽力永磁体以及调磁绕组都被放置在内定子中。建立该电机的简化等效磁路模型,并分析其磁通调节原理和特性;对三种不同结构DS-DSVFMM的调磁能力、负载转矩和抗退磁性能进行了研究和比较。对T形DS-DSVFMM进行加工和测试,并通过实验验证了该电机结构及其有限元分析的正确性。

混合动力船舶双向充电装置高性能控制策略

充电装置作为混合动力船舶最重要的组成之一,保证了系统主交流电网与主电池之间的能量转换。因此,研究其控制策略以及充电效率等问题对今后混合动力船舶的发展具有重要的指导意义。基于此,本文首先针对混合动力船舶充电装置的电路拓扑进行了分析。其次,重点对系统中不同工作模式的控制策略进行了研究,在充电和馈网模式下,提出了一种基于三相PWM整流器的预测直接功率控制的新型整体控制策略,对传统的控制策略进行了改进,简化充电/馈网模式的控制策略并提高了充放电效率和集成度。最后通过Simulink软件的仿真平台以及样机实验平台,仿真和实验分析验证了所提出控制策略的有效性和准确性。

基于超级电容的水下平台混合能源系统研究

针对燃料电池发电系统输出特性偏软,动态响应慢以及负载具有随机性、间歇性、波动性等问题,在水下平台混合动力系统中加入了超级电容。采用双向DC/DC变换器作为超级电容充放电主拓扑,设计了基于PI控制器的双闭环控制,实现了母线和超级电容之间能量的双向流动。运用PSIM软件对超级电容正常工作放电和充电2种工况进行仿真。仿真结果表明:通过双向DC/DC变换器可在系统重载时将超级电容存储的电能释放出来,在系统轻载、减速或制动等工况下降回馈再生电能存储至超级电容中,整个过程可以使大功率负载安全地接入系统,减小母线电压振荡,提高能量利用率。

Melatonin improves synapse development by PI3K/Akt signaling in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines.The role of melatonin,as a neuro hormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines,in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclea r.In the present study,we discove red that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits,spine loss,impaired inhibitory neurons,and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex.Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice.Furthermore,the administration of melatonin in the prefro ntal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region.The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor,wo rtmannin,and melatonin receptor antagonists,luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin,prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function.These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAe rgic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway,which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.

Recent advances in the application of MXenes for neural tissue engineering and regeneration

Transition metal carbides and nitrides(MXenes)are crystal nanomaterials with a number of surface functional groups such as fluorine,hydroxyl,and oxygen,which can be used as carriers for proteins and drugs.MXenes have excellent biocompatibility,electrical conductivity,surface hydrophilicity,mechanical properties and easy surface modification.However,at present,the stability of most MXenes needs to be improved,and more synthesis methods need to be explored.MXenes are good substrates for nerve cell regeneration and nerve reconstruction,which have broad application prospects in the repair of nervous system injury.Regarding the application of MXenes in neuroscience,mainly at the cellular level,the long-term in vivo biosafety and effects also need to be further explored.This review focuses on the progress of using MXenes in nerve regeneration over the last few years;discussing preparation of MXenes and their biocompatibility with different cells as well as the regulation by MXenes of nerve cell regeneration in two-dimensional and three-dimensional environments in vitro.MXenes have great potential in regulating the proliferation,differentiation,and maturation of nerve cells and in promoting regeneration and recovery after nerve injury.In addition,this review also presents the main challenges during optimization processes,such as the preparation of stable MXenes and long-term in vivo biosafety,and further discusses future directions in neural tissue engineering.

Genome-wide association study of grain micronutrient concentrations in bread wheat

Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food crop worldwide.The genetic dissection of important nutrient traits is essential for the biofortification of wheat to meet the nutritional needs of the world's growing population.Here,45,298 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from 55K chip arrays were used to genotype a panel of 768 wheat cultivars,and a total of 154 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were detected for eight traits under three environments by genome-wide association study(GWAS).Three QTLs(qMn-3B.1,qFe-3B.4,and qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6)detected repeatedly under different environments or traits were subjected to subsequent analyses based on linkage disequilibrium decay and the P-values of significant SNPs.Significant SNPs in the three QTL regions formed six haplotypes for qMn-3B.1,three haplotypes for qFe-3B.4,and three haplotypes for qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6.Phenotypic analysis revealed significant differences among haplotypes.These results indicated that the concentrations of several nutrient elements have been modified during the domestication of landraces to modern wheat.Based on the QTL regions,we identified 15 high-confidence genes,eight of which were stably expressed in different tissues and/or developmental stages.TraesCS3B02G046100 in qMn-3B.1 and TraesCS3B02G199500 in qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6 were both inferred to interact with metal ions according to the Gene Ontology(GO)analysis.TraesCS3B02G199000,which belongs to qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6,was determined to be a member of the WRKY gene family.Overall,this study provides several reliable QTLs that may significantly affect the concentrations of nutrient elements in wheat grain,and this information will facilitate the breeding of wheat cultivars with improved grain properties.

水下平台中继供电变换技术研究

本文研究了水下平台有缆中继供电模式下的电能变换技术,水面平台交流电能经脐带缆传输至水下平台,通过本文提出的二极管不控整流+四路交错Buck拓扑将波动交流电变换为稳定直流电供给负载,大大提升了水下平台的续航能力和作业效率。分析了该电路的运行原理,最后搭建了一台功率80 kW的电路仿真模型,并在100%负载、50%负载和25%负载工况下进行了仿真,结果显示在各工况下有能效减少纹波,多路交错并联Buck变换器各功率器件应力小,电感设计简单,热设计良好,在大功率应用场合优势非常明显。

Data-enhanced revealing of trends in Geoscience

Purpose:This article presents an in-depth analysis of global research trends in Geosciences from 2014 to 2023.By integrating bibliometric analysis with expert insights from the Deep-time Digital Earth(DDE)initiative,this article identifies key emerging themes shaping the landscape of Earth Sciences①.Design/methodology/approach:The identification process involved a meticulous analysis of over 400,000 papers from 466 Geosciences journals and approximately 5,800 papers from 93 interdisciplinary journals sourced from the Web of Science and Dimensions database.To map relationships between articles,citation networks were constructed,and spectral clustering algorithms were then employed to identify groups of related research,resulting in 407 clusters.Relevant research terms were extracted using the Log-Likelihood Ratio(LLR)algorithm,followed by statistical analyses on the volume of papers,average publication year,and average citation count within each cluster.Additionally,expert knowledge from DDE Scientific Committee was utilized to select top 30 trends based on their representation,relevance,and impact within Geosciences,and finalize naming of these top trends with consideration of the content and implications of the associated research.This comprehensive approach in systematically delineating and characterizing the trends in a way which is understandable to geoscientists.Findings:Thirty significant trends were identified in the field of Geosciences,spanning five domains:deep space,deep time,deep Earth,habitable Earth,and big data.These topics reflect the latest trends and advancements in Geosciences and have the potential to address real-world problems that are closely related to society,science,and technology.Research limitations:The analyzed data of this study only contain those were included in the Web of Science.Practical implications:This study will strongly support the organizations and individual scientists to understand the modern frontier of earth science,especially on solid earth.The organizations such as the surveys or natural science fund could map out areas for future exploration and analyze the hot topics reference to this study.Originality/value:This paper integrates bibliometric analysis with expert insights to highlight the most significant trends on earth science and reach the individual scientist and public by global voting.

Remote sensing of quality traits in cereal and arable production systems:A review

Cereal is an essential source of calories and protein for the global population.Accurately predicting cereal quality before harvest is highly desirable in order to optimise management for farmers,grading harvest and categorised storage for enterprises,future trading prices,and policy planning.The use of remote sensing data with extensive spatial coverage demonstrates some potential in predicting crop quality traits.Many studies have also proposed models and methods for predicting such traits based on multiplatform remote sensing data.In this paper,the key quality traits that are of interest to producers and consumers are introduced.The literature related to grain quality prediction was analyzed in detail,and a review was conducted on remote sensing platforms,commonly used methods,potential gaps,and future trends in crop quality prediction.This review recommends new research directions that go beyond the traditional methods and discusses grain quality retrieval and the associated challenges from the perspective of remote sensing data.

Double-nylon purse-string suture in closing postoperative wounds following endoscopic resection of large(≥3 cm)gastric submucosal tumors

BACKGROUND Endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR)of gastric submucosal tumors(SMTs)is safe and effective;however,postoperative wound management is equally important.Literature on suturing following EFTR for large(≥3 cm)SMTs is scarce and limited.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and clinical value of double-nylon purse-string suture in closing postoperative wounds following EFTR of large(≥3 cm)SMTs.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 85 patients with gastric SMTs in the fundus of the stomach or in the lesser curvature of the gastric body whose wounds were treated with double-nylon purse-string sutures after successful tumor resection at the Endoscopy Center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.The operative,postoperative,and follow-up conditions of the patients were evaluated.RESULTS All tumors were completely resected using EFTR.36(42.35%)patients had tumors located in the fundus of the stomach,and 49(57.65%)had tumors located in the body of the stomach.All patients underwent suturing with double-nylon sutures after EFTR without laparoscopic assistance or further surgical treatment.Postoperative fever and stomach pain were reported in 13(15.29%)and 14(16.47%)patients,respectively.No serious adverse events occurred during the intraoperative or postoperative periods.A postoperative review of all patients revealed no residual or recurrent lesions.CONCLUSION Double-nylon purse-string sutures can be used to successfully close wounds that cannot be completely closed with a single nylon suture,especially for large(≥3 cm)EFTR wounds in SMTs.

Fault characteristics and their control on oil and gas accumulation in the southwestern Ordos Basin

3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this basin.Seismic interpretation suggests that the faults in the southwestern Ordos Basin have three basic characteristics,namely extreme micro-scale,distinct vertical stratification,and regularity of planar distribution.These NS-,NW-,and NE-trending fault systems developed in the Meso-Neoproterozoic e Lower Ordovician strata.Of these,the NS-trending fault system mainly consists of consequent and antithetic faults which show clear syndepositional deformation.The fault systems in the Carboniferous e Middle-Lower Triassic strata are not clear on seismic reflection profiles.The NW-and NE-trending fault systems are developed in the Upper Triassic e Middle Jurassic strata.Of these,the NW-trending fault system appears as a negative flower structure in sectional view and in an en echelon pattern in plan-view;they show transtensional deformation.A NE-trending fault system that developed in the Lower Cretaceous e Cenozoic strata shows a Y-shaped structural style and tension-shear properties.A comprehensive analysis of the regional stress fields at different geologic times is essential to determine the development,distribution direction,and intensity of the activity of fault systems in the Ordos Basin.Current exploration suggests three aspects in which the faults within the Ordos Basin are crucial to oil and gas accumulation.Firstly,these faults serve as vertical barriers that cause the formation of two sets of relatively independent petroleum systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata respectively;this is the basis for the‘upper oil and lower gas’distribution pattern.Secondly,the vertical communication of these faults is favorable for oil and gas migration,thus contributing to the typical characteristics of multiple oil and gas fields within the basin,i.e.oil and gas reservoirs with multiple superimposed strata.Finally,these faults and their associated fractures improve the permeability of Mesozoic tight reservoirs,providing favorable conditions for oil enrichment in areas around the fault systems.

SiRAP2-12,a Positive Regulatory Factor,Effectively Improves the Waterlogging Tolerance of Foxtail Millet(Setaria italica)

Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)growth was inhibited because of waterlogging stress,which has caused yield reduc-tion.ERF family plays an important role to plant adversity tolerance.In our study,we obtained 19,819 differential expressed genes(DEGs)between the two treatments based on the RNA-seq sequencing of foxtail millet of water-logging stress.Furthermore,a total of 28 ERF family members were obtained,which have a complete open read-ing frame.We studied the evolution and function of SiERF family and how they affected the waterlogging tolerance.It was found that SiERF1A/B/C(GenBank ID:OR775217,OR775219,OR775218)and SiRAP2-12(GenBank ID:OR775216)have similar functions to the known waterlogging tolerance genes of other plants.Among them,the SiRAP2-12 expression was obviously significantly up-regulated in foxtail millet after 5d water-logging stress.After SiRAP2-12 was silenced,the activity of defense enzymes in millet decreased significantly.In details,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD),the osmotic regulator proline(Pro),and the activity of the anaerobic respiratory enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH)content were decreased by 78.61%,29.52%,79.95%,19.41%and 54.77%,respectively.In contrast,the relative electrical conductivity contents(REC),malondialdehyde(MDA),and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))of the foxtail millet subjected to virus-induced gene silencing clearly increased by 1.03-fold,36.09%,and 15.21%,respectively.The content of sodium(Na^(+))in the SiRAP2-12-silenced foxtail millet also increased,but that of potassium(K^(+))decreased.Interestingly,we found that ethylene content was significantly reduced.Further,the SiAOC1 expression,an essential gene for ethylene synthesis,was inhibited in SiRAP2-12-silenced foxtail millet after waterlogging stress.Taken together,we hypothesized that SiRAP2-12 might be a positive regulator of millet tolerance to waterlogging stress.

A Health State Prediction Model Based on Belief Rule Base and LSTM for Complex Systems

In industrial production and engineering operations,the health state of complex systems is critical,and predicting it can ensure normal operation.Complex systems have many monitoring indicators,complex coupling structures,non-linear and time-varying characteristics,so it is a challenge to establish a reliable prediction model.The belief rule base(BRB)can fuse observed data and expert knowledge to establish a nonlinear relationship between input and output and has well modeling capabilities.Since each indicator of the complex system can reflect the health state to some extent,the BRB is built based on the causal relationship between system indicators and the health state to achieve the prediction.A health state prediction model based on BRB and long short term memory for complex systems is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the LSTMis introduced to predict the trend of the indicators in the system.Secondly,the Density Peak Clustering(DPC)algorithmis used todetermine referential values of indicators for BRB,which effectively offset the lack of expert knowledge.Then,the predicted values and expert knowledge are fused to construct BRB to predict the health state of the systems by inference.Finally,the effectiveness of the model is verified by a case study of a certain vehicle hydraulic pump.

论建构中国特色的比较法学学科体系的主体意识

建构具有中国特色的比较法学学科体系,研究者的主体意识是不容忽视的,但其也是最容易被忽视的。建构自主的学科体系,研究者须怀有独立而不依附、平等而不卑微、稳重而不封闭、开放而不媚外的胸怀,增强求同存异、借鉴与创新、工具与思想的融合提升的研究意识。如果缺少了这种主体意识,所构建的学科体系不仅不能起到预期效果,反而会产生副作用。鉴于主体意识之重要性,因此,需要从主动与被动、保守与开放等多角度对主体意识进行分析阐述,在此阐释基础上,进行深化整合,研究者须秉持主体意识,在整体性视域下自主地、创新地进行比较法学研究,以期实现本土化的比较法学学科体系的构建。

Genesis of the Bianjiadayuan Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit, Inner Mongolia, China:Constraints from in-situ sulfur isotope and trace element geochemistry of pyrite

The Southern Great Xing’an Range (SGXR) which forms part of the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is known as one of the most important Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au metallogenic belts in China,hosting a number of porphyry Mo (Cu),skarn Fe (Sn),epithermal Au-Ag,and hydrothermal veintype Ag-Pb-Zn ore deposits.Here we investigate the Bianjiadayuan hydrothermal vein-type Ag-Pb-Zn ore deposit in the southern part of the SGXR.Porphyry Sn ±Cu ± Mo mineralization is also developed to the west of the Ag-Pb-Zn veins in the ore field.We identify a five-stage mineralization process based on field and petrologic studies including (i) the early porphyry mineralization stage,(ii) main porphyry mineralization stage,(iii) transition mineralization stage,(iv) vein-type mineralization stage and (v) late mineralization stage.Pyrite is the predominant sulfide mineral in all stages except in the late mineralization stage,and we identify corresponding four types of pyrites: Py1 is medium-grained subhedral to euhedral occurring in the early barren quartz vein;Py2 is medium- to fine-grained euhedral pyrite mainly coexisting with molybdenite,chalcopyrite,minor sphalerite and galena;Py3 is fine-grained,subhedral to irregular pyrite and displays cataclastic textures with micro-fractures;Py4 occurs as euhedral microcrystals and forms irregularly shaped aggregate with sphalerite and galena.LA-ICP-MS trace element analyses of pyrite show that Cu,Pb,Zn,Ag,Sn,Cd and Sb are partitioned into pyrite as structurally bound metals or mineral micro/nano-inclusions,whereas Co,Ni,As and Se enter the lattice via isomorphism in all types of pyrite.The Cu,Zn,Ag,Cd concentrations gradually increase from Py1 to Py4,which we correlate with cooling and mixing of ore-forming fluid with meteoric water.Py2 contains the highest contents of Co,Ni,Se,Te and Bi,suggesting high temperature conditions for the porphyry mineralization stage.Ratios of Co/Ni (0.03-10.79,average 2.13) and sulphur isotope composition of sulfide indicate typical hydrothermal origin for pyrites.The δ^34SCDT values of Py1 (0.42‰-1.61‰,average 1.16‰),Py2 (-1.23‰ to 0.82‰,average 0.35‰),Py3 (-0.36‰ to 2.47‰,average 0.97‰),Py4 (2.51‰-3.72‰,average 3.06‰),and other sulfides are consistent with those of typical porphyry deposit (-5‰ to 5‰),indicating that the Pb-Zn polymetallic mineralization in the Bianjiadayuan deposit is genetically linked to the Yanshanian (JurassiceCretaceous) magmatic-hydrothermal events.Variations of d34S values are ascribed to the changes in physical and chemical conditions during the evolution and migration of the ore-forming fluid.We propose that the high Sn content of pyrite in the Bianjiadayuan hydrothermal vein-type PbeZn polymetallic deposit can be used as a possible pathfinder to prospect for Sn mineralization in the surrounding area or deeper level of the ore field in this region.