This research aims at developing a new fuzzy activity finish time estimation model for project scheduling management.With the application of the fuzzy quality function deployment (FQFD) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy pr...This research aims at developing a new fuzzy activity finish time estimation model for project scheduling management.With the application of the fuzzy quality function deployment (FQFD) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) methods,the degree of fuzziness for every project activity is calculated in accordance with considerations of project uncertainties.These uncertainties are measured by the risk level of such project-related characteristics as time limit,activity start time,budget,manpower,technological difficulty,and facility requirements.In this paper,rather than applying the de-fuzzification technique to obtain the crisp activity duration for project scheduling,the fuzzy finish time estimation method for every activity is proposed based on the degree of fuzziness.The corresponding fuzzy activity duration time plot is also developed in a new fuzzy Gantt chart.The proposed model can provide a reasonable fuzzy finish time estimation for every activity,while most scheduling methods only provide the finish time of the entire project.Compared to existing models,this time estimation model and its corresponding Gantt chart are predicted to have higher reliability and practical application in project management and scheduling.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of the study is to report and to analyze the complications following intratympanic injections (ITI) of steroids. The occurrence rate of complications at different ITI sites, four quadrants of ea...Objective: The purpose of the study is to report and to analyze the complications following intratympanic injections (ITI) of steroids. The occurrence rate of complications at different ITI sites, four quadrants of eardrum, was also compared. Methods: A retrospective clinical review in a medical center. Each patient received ITI twice in a week for 2e3 consecutive weeks as a salvage therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Post-injection complications, especially transient dizziness and vertigo, were recorded. Patients with acute or chronic vertigo episodes in 1 month were excluded. Results: A total of 59 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and a total of 278 times of ITI were performed in 1 year. The post-injection complications included pain, tongue numbness, transient dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, and a small persistent perforation. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of these complications between the injections sites on the 4 quadrants of the tympanic membrane. However, there was statistical significance in the post-injection vertiginous episode after IT injections to posterior-inferior quadrant (Q3) and posterior-superior quadrant (Q4) compared to anterior-superior quadrant (Q1) and anterior-inferior quadrant (Q2) (P Z 0.0113).展开更多
文摘This research aims at developing a new fuzzy activity finish time estimation model for project scheduling management.With the application of the fuzzy quality function deployment (FQFD) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) methods,the degree of fuzziness for every project activity is calculated in accordance with considerations of project uncertainties.These uncertainties are measured by the risk level of such project-related characteristics as time limit,activity start time,budget,manpower,technological difficulty,and facility requirements.In this paper,rather than applying the de-fuzzification technique to obtain the crisp activity duration for project scheduling,the fuzzy finish time estimation method for every activity is proposed based on the degree of fuzziness.The corresponding fuzzy activity duration time plot is also developed in a new fuzzy Gantt chart.The proposed model can provide a reasonable fuzzy finish time estimation for every activity,while most scheduling methods only provide the finish time of the entire project.Compared to existing models,this time estimation model and its corresponding Gantt chart are predicted to have higher reliability and practical application in project management and scheduling.
文摘Objective: The purpose of the study is to report and to analyze the complications following intratympanic injections (ITI) of steroids. The occurrence rate of complications at different ITI sites, four quadrants of eardrum, was also compared. Methods: A retrospective clinical review in a medical center. Each patient received ITI twice in a week for 2e3 consecutive weeks as a salvage therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Post-injection complications, especially transient dizziness and vertigo, were recorded. Patients with acute or chronic vertigo episodes in 1 month were excluded. Results: A total of 59 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and a total of 278 times of ITI were performed in 1 year. The post-injection complications included pain, tongue numbness, transient dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, and a small persistent perforation. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of these complications between the injections sites on the 4 quadrants of the tympanic membrane. However, there was statistical significance in the post-injection vertiginous episode after IT injections to posterior-inferior quadrant (Q3) and posterior-superior quadrant (Q4) compared to anterior-superior quadrant (Q1) and anterior-inferior quadrant (Q2) (P Z 0.0113).
