AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perfluoro-n-octane(PFO)for ophthalmic surgery versus F-Octane as an intraoperative tamponade in pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in management of retinal detachment.METHODS:This mul...AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perfluoro-n-octane(PFO)for ophthalmic surgery versus F-Octane as an intraoperative tamponade in pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in management of retinal detachment.METHODS:This multicenter,prospective,randomized,double-masked,parallel-controlled,non-inferiority trial was conducted in three ophthalmology clinical centers in China.Patients with retinal detachment,who were eligible for PPV were consecutively enrolled.Participants were assigned to PFO for ophthalmic surgery or F-Octane for intraocular tamponade in a 1:1 ratio.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure(IOP)measurement,and dilated fundus examination were performed preoperatively and at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively.The primary outcome was complete retinal reattachment rate at postoperative day one.The non-inferiority margin was set at 9.8%.The secondary outcomes included intraoperative retinal reattachment rate,and mean changes in IOP and BCVA from baseline to 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,respectively.Safety analyses were presented for all randomly assigned participates in this study.RESULTS:Totally 124 eligible patients completed the study between Mar.14,2016 and Jun.7,2017.Sixty of them were randomly assigned to the PFO for ophthalmic surgery group,and 64 were assigned to the F-Octane group.Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups.Both groups achieved 100%retinal reattachment at postoperative day one(difference 0,95%CI:-6.21%to 5.75%,P=1).The pre-defined noninferiority criterion was met.No significant difference was observed in intraoperative retinal reattachment rate(difference 1.77%,P=0.61),mean changes in IOP(difference 0.36,-0.09,2.22 mm Hg at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,with all P>0.05)and BCVA(difference 0.04,-0.02,0.06 logMAR at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,all P>0.05)between the two groups.No apparent adverse events related to the utilization of PFO were reported.CONCLUSION:In patients with retinal detachment undergoing PPV,PFO for ophthalmic surgery is non-inferior to F-Octane as an intraocular tamponade,and both are safe and well-tolerated.展开更多
Activation and reconstruction of the spinal cord circuitry is important for improving motor function following spinal cord injury.We conducted a case series study to investigate motor function improvement in 14 patien...Activation and reconstruction of the spinal cord circuitry is important for improving motor function following spinal cord injury.We conducted a case series study to investigate motor function improvement in 14 patients with chronic spinal cord injury treated with 4 weeks of unilateral(right only)cortical intermittent theta burst stimulation combined with bilateral magnetic stimulation of L3-L4 nerve roots,five times a week.Bilateral resting motor evoked potential amplitude was increased,central motor conduction time on the side receiving cortical stimulation was significantly decreased,and lower extremity motor score,Berg balance score,spinal cord independence measure-III score,and 10 m-walking speed were all increased after treatment.Right resting motor evoked potential amplitude was positively correlated with lower extremity motor score after 4 weeks of treatment.These findings suggest that cortical intermittent theta burst stimulation combined with precise root stimulation can improve nerve conduction of the corticospinal tract and lower limb motor function recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.展开更多
Catharanthus roseus L. (Madagascar periwinkle) biosynthesizes a diverse array of secondary metabolites including anticancer dimeric alkaloids (vinblastine and vincristine) and antihypertensive alkaloids (ajmalici...Catharanthus roseus L. (Madagascar periwinkle) biosynthesizes a diverse array of secondary metabolites including anticancer dimeric alkaloids (vinblastine and vincristine) and antihypertensive alkaloids (ajmalicine and serpentine). The multi-step terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) biosynthetic pathway in C. roseus is complex and is under strict molecular regulation. Many enzymes and genes involved in the TIAs biosynthesis have been studied in recent decades. Moreover, some regulatory proteins were found recently to control the production of TIAs in C. roseus. Based on mastering the rough scheme of the pathway and cloning the related genes, metabolic engineering of TIAs biosynthesis has been studied in C. roseus aiming at increasing the desired secondary metabolites in the past few years. The present article summarizes recent advances in isolation and characterization of TIAs biosynthesis genes and transcriptional regulators involved in the second metabolic control in C. roseus. Metabolic engineering applications in TIAs pathway via overexpression of these genes and regulators in C. roseus are also discussed.展开更多
Light passing through a subwavelength hole in an opaque plate is a fundamental concern in both optical science and applications.Using both simulations and experiments,we show that,when a subwavelength hole in a silver...Light passing through a subwavelength hole in an opaque plate is a fundamental concern in both optical science and applications.Using both simulations and experiments,we show that,when a subwavelength hole in a silver thin film is surrounded by well-designed patterns of grooves,the wavefront of the infrared light through it can be shaped into a preset complicated pattern such as a Latin letter‘L’or‘O’at a given position instead of being diffracted in all directions.The design is created via the surface-wave-holography method,which allows direct determination of the surface plasmonic structure for a given wavefront-engineering functionality without the need to solve complex inverse problems.The results will deepen current understanding of this enduring issue and will find applications in many fields such as wave manipulation and sensing.展开更多
A new freshwater turbellarian species, Dugesia sinensis Chen & Wang, sp. nov., is described, which was collected from Caoxi rivulet, Shaoguan, Guandong Province, China. The morphology, reproduction, histochemical loc...A new freshwater turbellarian species, Dugesia sinensis Chen & Wang, sp. nov., is described, which was collected from Caoxi rivulet, Shaoguan, Guandong Province, China. The morphology, reproduction, histochemical localization of AChE and phylogenetics based on COI gene of the new species was observed and analysed. The new species differs from its sister species in the developed diagram of the male atrium, the bursal canal to the left of the copulatory apparatus and distance (1 mm) between copulatory bursa and the mouth. In addition, the results indicated that morphological differences of ACHE+ nerve structure can be used as a distinguishable character for species identification of genera Dugesiidae.展开更多
The genus Girardia (Tricladida: Dugesiidae) was recorded in China for the first time. A new freshwater turbellarian species, G. sinensis Chen & Wang, sp. nov., is described, which was collected from Xinghu Lake, Z...The genus Girardia (Tricladida: Dugesiidae) was recorded in China for the first time. A new freshwater turbellarian species, G. sinensis Chen & Wang, sp. nov., is described, which was collected from Xinghu Lake, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China. Observation and analysis of the new species was conducted on morphology, habits, reproduction, histochemistry and molecular phylogenetics. In addition, the results indicated that morphological differences of AChE^+ nerve structure can be used as a distinguishable character for species identification of Dugesiidae.展开更多
基金Supported by the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(No.21XD1402700)the Clinical Research Plan of Shenkang Hospital Development Center of Shanghai(No.SHDC2022CRD001).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perfluoro-n-octane(PFO)for ophthalmic surgery versus F-Octane as an intraoperative tamponade in pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in management of retinal detachment.METHODS:This multicenter,prospective,randomized,double-masked,parallel-controlled,non-inferiority trial was conducted in three ophthalmology clinical centers in China.Patients with retinal detachment,who were eligible for PPV were consecutively enrolled.Participants were assigned to PFO for ophthalmic surgery or F-Octane for intraocular tamponade in a 1:1 ratio.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure(IOP)measurement,and dilated fundus examination were performed preoperatively and at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively.The primary outcome was complete retinal reattachment rate at postoperative day one.The non-inferiority margin was set at 9.8%.The secondary outcomes included intraoperative retinal reattachment rate,and mean changes in IOP and BCVA from baseline to 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,respectively.Safety analyses were presented for all randomly assigned participates in this study.RESULTS:Totally 124 eligible patients completed the study between Mar.14,2016 and Jun.7,2017.Sixty of them were randomly assigned to the PFO for ophthalmic surgery group,and 64 were assigned to the F-Octane group.Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups.Both groups achieved 100%retinal reattachment at postoperative day one(difference 0,95%CI:-6.21%to 5.75%,P=1).The pre-defined noninferiority criterion was met.No significant difference was observed in intraoperative retinal reattachment rate(difference 1.77%,P=0.61),mean changes in IOP(difference 0.36,-0.09,2.22 mm Hg at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,with all P>0.05)and BCVA(difference 0.04,-0.02,0.06 logMAR at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,all P>0.05)between the two groups.No apparent adverse events related to the utilization of PFO were reported.CONCLUSION:In patients with retinal detachment undergoing PPV,PFO for ophthalmic surgery is non-inferior to F-Octane as an intraocular tamponade,and both are safe and well-tolerated.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China,No.2020YFC2004202the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81974358 and 81772453(all to DSX).
文摘Activation and reconstruction of the spinal cord circuitry is important for improving motor function following spinal cord injury.We conducted a case series study to investigate motor function improvement in 14 patients with chronic spinal cord injury treated with 4 weeks of unilateral(right only)cortical intermittent theta burst stimulation combined with bilateral magnetic stimulation of L3-L4 nerve roots,five times a week.Bilateral resting motor evoked potential amplitude was increased,central motor conduction time on the side receiving cortical stimulation was significantly decreased,and lower extremity motor score,Berg balance score,spinal cord independence measure-III score,and 10 m-walking speed were all increased after treatment.Right resting motor evoked potential amplitude was positively correlated with lower extremity motor score after 4 weeks of treatment.These findings suggest that cortical intermittent theta burst stimulation combined with precise root stimulation can improve nerve conduction of the corticospinal tract and lower limb motor function recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.
文摘Catharanthus roseus L. (Madagascar periwinkle) biosynthesizes a diverse array of secondary metabolites including anticancer dimeric alkaloids (vinblastine and vincristine) and antihypertensive alkaloids (ajmalicine and serpentine). The multi-step terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) biosynthetic pathway in C. roseus is complex and is under strict molecular regulation. Many enzymes and genes involved in the TIAs biosynthesis have been studied in recent decades. Moreover, some regulatory proteins were found recently to control the production of TIAs in C. roseus. Based on mastering the rough scheme of the pathway and cloning the related genes, metabolic engineering of TIAs biosynthesis has been studied in C. roseus aiming at increasing the desired secondary metabolites in the past few years. The present article summarizes recent advances in isolation and characterization of TIAs biosynthesis genes and transcriptional regulators involved in the second metabolic control in C. roseus. Metabolic engineering applications in TIAs pathway via overexpression of these genes and regulators in C. roseus are also discussed.
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Foundation of China under grant no.2011CB922002 and Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y1V2013L11).
文摘Light passing through a subwavelength hole in an opaque plate is a fundamental concern in both optical science and applications.Using both simulations and experiments,we show that,when a subwavelength hole in a silver thin film is surrounded by well-designed patterns of grooves,the wavefront of the infrared light through it can be shaped into a preset complicated pattern such as a Latin letter‘L’or‘O’at a given position instead of being diffracted in all directions.The design is created via the surface-wave-holography method,which allows direct determination of the surface plasmonic structure for a given wavefront-engineering functionality without the need to solve complex inverse problems.The results will deepen current understanding of this enduring issue and will find applications in many fields such as wave manipulation and sensing.
基金supported by University Student Innovation Project of Guangdong Province,China(2014 10590027)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41176106)+3 种基金Guangdong Natural Science Foundation for Major cultivation project(2014A030308017)Shenzhen Grant Plan for Science&Technology(JCYJ20120613112512654,JSGG20130411160539208)Shenzhen special funds for Bio-industry development(NYSW20140327010012)the Youth Innovation Fund of China:Xiaoping Technological Innovation Team Project
文摘A new freshwater turbellarian species, Dugesia sinensis Chen & Wang, sp. nov., is described, which was collected from Caoxi rivulet, Shaoguan, Guandong Province, China. The morphology, reproduction, histochemical localization of AChE and phylogenetics based on COI gene of the new species was observed and analysed. The new species differs from its sister species in the developed diagram of the male atrium, the bursal canal to the left of the copulatory apparatus and distance (1 mm) between copulatory bursa and the mouth. In addition, the results indicated that morphological differences of ACHE+ nerve structure can be used as a distinguishable character for species identification of genera Dugesiidae.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41176106)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation for Major cultivation project(2014A030308017)+3 种基金Shenzhen Grant Plan for Science & Technology(JCYJ20120613112512654,JSGG20130411160539208)Shenzhen special funds for Bio-industry development(NYSW20140327010012)University Student Innovation Project of Guangdong Province,China(201410590027)the Youth Innovation Fund of China:Xiaoping Technological Innovation Team Project
文摘The genus Girardia (Tricladida: Dugesiidae) was recorded in China for the first time. A new freshwater turbellarian species, G. sinensis Chen & Wang, sp. nov., is described, which was collected from Xinghu Lake, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China. Observation and analysis of the new species was conducted on morphology, habits, reproduction, histochemistry and molecular phylogenetics. In addition, the results indicated that morphological differences of AChE^+ nerve structure can be used as a distinguishable character for species identification of Dugesiidae.