Application value research of swallowing treatment device combined with swallowing rehabilitation training in the treatment of swallowing disorders after stroke

BACKGROUND Stroke is a common disabling disease,whether it is ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic stroke,both can result in neuronal damage,leading to various manifestations of neurological dysfunction.AIM To explore of the application value of swallowing treatment device combined with swallowing rehabilitation training in the treatment of swallowing disorders after stroke.METHODS This study selected 86 patients with swallowing disorders after stroke admitted to our rehabilitation department from February 2022 to December 2023 as research subjects.They were divided into a control group(n=43)and an observation group(n=43)according to the treatment.The control group received swallowing rehabilitation training,while the observation group received swallowing treatment device in addition to the training.Both groups underwent continuous intervention for two courses of treatment.RESULTS The total effective rate in the observation group(93.02%)was higher than that in the control group(76.74%)(P=0.035).After intervention,the oral transit time,swallowing response time,pharyngeal transit time,and laryngeal closure time decreased in both groups compared to before intervention.In the observation group,the oral transit time,swallowing response time,and pharyngeal transit time were shorter than those in the control group after intervention.However,the laryngeal closure time after intervention in the observation group was compared with that in the control group(P=0.142).After intervention,average amplitude value and duration of the genioglossus muscle group during empty swallowing and swallowing 5 mL of water are reduced compared to before intervention in both groups.After intervention,the scores of the chin-tuck swallowing exercise and the Standardized Swallowing Assessment are both reduced compared to pre-intervention levels in both groups.However,the observation group scores lower than the control group after intervention.Additionally,the Functional Oral Intake Scale scores of both groups are increased after intervention compared to pre-intervention levels,with the observation group scoring higher than the control group after intervention(P<0.001).The cumulative incidence of complications in the observation group is 9.30%,which is lower than the 27.91%in the control group(P=0.027).CONCLUSION The combination of swallowing therapy equipment with swallowing rehabilitation training can improve the muscle movement level of the genioglossus muscle group,enhance swallowing function,and prevent the occurrence of swallowing-related complications after stroke.

Paying attention to the value of thrombelastography and the impact of postreperfusion syndrome on outcomes of liver transplantation

Only limited information is available about the connection between massive blood transfusion and postoperative survival rates in pediatric liver transplantation.The aim of Gordon's study was to examine the potential impact of perioperative transfusion on postoperative complications and death in young children receiving pediatric living-donor liver transplantation(PLDLT).The authors concluded that transfusion of a red blood cell volume higher than 27.5 mL/kg during the perioperative period is associated with a significant increase in short-and long-term postoperative morbidity and mortality after PLDLT.However,viscoelastic coagulation monitoring was not utilized in the study;instead,only conventional coagulation monitoring was conducted.Overall,the choice of blood coagulation monitoring method during blood transfusion can have a significant impact on patient prognosis.Several studies have shown that the viscoelastic coagulation testing such as thrombelastography(TEG)is highly sensitive and accurate for diagnosing coagulation dysfunction.Indeed,a TEG-guided blood transfusion strategy can improve prognosis.Moreover,postreperfusion syndrome is one of the most common complications of liver transplantation and an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients and should also be included in regression analysis.

Risk factors for myocardial injury during living donor liver transplantation in pediatric patients with biliary atresia

BACKGROUND Cold ischemia-reperfusion of the liver is an inevitable occurrence in liver trans-plantation that may also cause damage to the heart.Perioperative myocardial injury during liver transplantation can increase the incidence of post-operative mortality,but there is little research on the incidence of myocardial injury in children who undergo living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).Therefore,this study mainly explores the independent risk factors for myocardial injury in children who undergo LDLT.factors for intraoperative myocardial injury.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the inpatient records of pediatric patients who underwent LDLT in Tianjin First Central Hospital from January 1,2020,to January 31,2022.Recipient-related data and donor-related data were collected.The patients were divided into a myocardial injury group and a nonmyocardial injury group according to the value of the serum cardiac troponin I at the end of surgery for analysis.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the risk factors for myocardial injury during LDLT in pediatric patients.RESULTS A total of 302 patients met the inclusion criteria.The myocardial injury group had 142 individuals(47%),and the nonmyocardial injury group included 160 patients(53%).Age,height,and weight were significantly lower in the myocardial injury group(P<0.001).The pediatric end-stage liver disease(PELD)score,total bilirubin,and interna-tional standardized ratio were significantly higher in the myocardial injury group(P<0.001).The mean arterial pressure,lactate,hemoglobin before reperfusion,duration of the anhepatic phase,cold ischemic time,incidence of postreperfusion syndrome(PRS),and fresh frozen plasma transfusion were significantly different between the two groups(P<0.05).The postoperative intensive care unit stay and peak total bilirubin values in the first 5 d after LDLT were significantly higher in the myocardial injury group(P<0.05).The pediatric patients with biliary atresia in the nonmyocardial injury group who underwent LDLT had a considerably higher one-year survival rate than those in the myocardial injury group(P=0.015).Multivariate logistic regression revealed the following independent risk factors for myocardial injury:a high PELD score[odds ratio(OR)=1.065,95%confidence interval(CI):1.013-1.121;P=0.014],a long duration of the anhepatic phase(OR=1.021,95%CI:1.003-1.040;P=0.025),and the occurrence of intraoperative PRS(OR=1.966,95%CI:1.111-3.480;P=0.020).CONCLUSION A high PELD score,a long anhepatic phase duration,and the occurrence of intraoperative PRS were independent risk factors for myocardial injury during LDLT in pediatric patients with biliary atresia.

带套囊气管导管在小儿全身麻醉扁桃体射频消融术中的应用

目的研究小儿扁桃体射频消融术全身麻醉气管插管时带套囊气管导管应用的安全性。方法选取2017年11月—2018年1月天津市儿童医院全身麻醉下行扁桃体射频消融术患儿100例。根据气管导管有无套囊选择情况,随机分为带套囊气管导管组(T组)和不带套囊气管导管组(N组),主要观察指标为拔管后有无喘鸣,次要观察指标为控制呼吸时有无漏气、插管后是否换管、拔管后SpO_2最低值以及术后插管相关并发症。结果两组患儿性别构成、年龄、体重和插管管号等一般情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患儿术中情况比较发现,两组患儿机械通气时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);T组患儿中有1例术中出现漏气,有1例更换气管导管,N组患儿中有11例出现术中漏气,有8例更换气管导管,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组患儿术毕拔管时喘鸣和拔管后SpO_2最低值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但T组患儿拔管时未吸出气管内血性分泌物,N组患儿拔管时有6例出现气管内血性分泌物,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论带套囊气管导管可安全用于8岁以下小儿行全身麻醉下扁桃体射频消融术,且不增加小儿拔管术后喘鸣发生率。