TNNI3K is a cardiac-specific and cardiac troponin I(cT n I)-interacting MAP kinase, known to play important roles in promoting cardiac differentiation, maintenance of beating rhythm and contractual force. The molecula...TNNI3K is a cardiac-specific and cardiac troponin I(cT n I)-interacting MAP kinase, known to play important roles in promoting cardiac differentiation, maintenance of beating rhythm and contractual force. The molecular structure of TNNI3 K contains three kinds of domain: a seven or ten NH2-terminal ankyrin repeat domain followed by a protein kinase domain and a COOH-terminal serine-rich domain. There are many binding sites in the structure of TNNI3 K for binding to ATP, magnesium, nucleotide, protein kinase C, antioxidant protein 1(AOP-1) and cT n I, indicating TNNI3 K has many interacting partners. This review summarizes the evidence, hypothesis and significance of TNNI3 K interacting with TNNI3 and its other putative interaction partners. From the literature, the interaction partners of TNNI3 K are divided into 2 types following their phenotypic pattern of functions, positive interaction(to increase the cardiac performance) or negative interaction(to suppress the cardiac performance). Following their binding sites, it also can be divided into other 2 types: binding to C-terminal domain(e.g., cT n I) or binding to both ankyrin repeat domain and C-terminal domains(AOP-1).To date, a well understood partner of TNNI3 K is cT nI, from the molecular structure, physiological function, mechanisms and its significance in some physiological and pathophysiological conditions. There are many reasons to believe that, with more understanding on the TNNI3 K interacting with its partners, we can understand more roles of TNNI3 K in some cardiac diseases.展开更多
Objective:The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of enteral nutrients in diabetic patients with fibrocolonoscopy.Materials and Methods:A total of 58 diabetic patients undergoing fibrocolonoscopy from...Objective:The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of enteral nutrients in diabetic patients with fibrocolonoscopy.Materials and Methods:A total of 58 diabetic patients undergoing fibrocolonoscopy from January 2017 to December 2017 were included as the traditional bowel preparation group.The patients took traditional semi‑flow diet and catharsis as intestinal preparation and were given health education.Sixty patients treated with fibrocolonoscopy from July to December in 2018 were included as the enteral nutrition group and received enteral nutrients and catharsis as intestinal preparation and were given modified health education.The incidence of hypoglycemia during intestinal preparation was compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 20(34.48%)patients in the traditional bowel preparation group had hypoglycemia(including asymptomatic hypoglycemia)during bowel preparation,with the total frequency of 40.The blood glucose level fluctuated between 1.7 and 3.9 mmol/L.Only five patients in the enteral nutrition group had hypoglycemia(including asymptomatic hypoglycemia)during bowel preparation.The incidence of hypoglycemia was lower in the enteral nutrition group than that in the traditional bowel preparation group(χ^2=4.937,P=0.026).Conclusion:The enteral nutrients as diet for fibrocolonoscopy bowel preparation and strengthening health education could reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes during bowel preparation and ensure patient safety.展开更多
Opioid addiction is one of the top challenges for society, particularly in China. To fight it, the key is to reveal its underlying mechanisms. Among the strategies to overcome the mental damage caused by opioids, inve...Opioid addiction is one of the top challenges for society, particularly in China. To fight it, the key is to reveal its underlying mechanisms. Among the strategies to overcome the mental damage caused by opioids, investigating native anti-opioid peptides derived from mammalian （including human） brains is an important option because of safety concerns. In 1983, diazepam-binding inhibitor （DBI）, a 10-kDa peptide, was first derived from rat brains （Guidotti et al., 1983）. After repeated treatment with morphine, the DBI level is enhanced in rodent brains （Katsura et al., 1998; Shibasaki et al., 2006）.展开更多
文摘TNNI3K is a cardiac-specific and cardiac troponin I(cT n I)-interacting MAP kinase, known to play important roles in promoting cardiac differentiation, maintenance of beating rhythm and contractual force. The molecular structure of TNNI3 K contains three kinds of domain: a seven or ten NH2-terminal ankyrin repeat domain followed by a protein kinase domain and a COOH-terminal serine-rich domain. There are many binding sites in the structure of TNNI3 K for binding to ATP, magnesium, nucleotide, protein kinase C, antioxidant protein 1(AOP-1) and cT n I, indicating TNNI3 K has many interacting partners. This review summarizes the evidence, hypothesis and significance of TNNI3 K interacting with TNNI3 and its other putative interaction partners. From the literature, the interaction partners of TNNI3 K are divided into 2 types following their phenotypic pattern of functions, positive interaction(to increase the cardiac performance) or negative interaction(to suppress the cardiac performance). Following their binding sites, it also can be divided into other 2 types: binding to C-terminal domain(e.g., cT n I) or binding to both ankyrin repeat domain and C-terminal domains(AOP-1).To date, a well understood partner of TNNI3 K is cT nI, from the molecular structure, physiological function, mechanisms and its significance in some physiological and pathophysiological conditions. There are many reasons to believe that, with more understanding on the TNNI3 K interacting with its partners, we can understand more roles of TNNI3 K in some cardiac diseases.
文摘Objective:The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of enteral nutrients in diabetic patients with fibrocolonoscopy.Materials and Methods:A total of 58 diabetic patients undergoing fibrocolonoscopy from January 2017 to December 2017 were included as the traditional bowel preparation group.The patients took traditional semi‑flow diet and catharsis as intestinal preparation and were given health education.Sixty patients treated with fibrocolonoscopy from July to December in 2018 were included as the enteral nutrition group and received enteral nutrients and catharsis as intestinal preparation and were given modified health education.The incidence of hypoglycemia during intestinal preparation was compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 20(34.48%)patients in the traditional bowel preparation group had hypoglycemia(including asymptomatic hypoglycemia)during bowel preparation,with the total frequency of 40.The blood glucose level fluctuated between 1.7 and 3.9 mmol/L.Only five patients in the enteral nutrition group had hypoglycemia(including asymptomatic hypoglycemia)during bowel preparation.The incidence of hypoglycemia was lower in the enteral nutrition group than that in the traditional bowel preparation group(χ^2=4.937,P=0.026).Conclusion:The enteral nutrients as diet for fibrocolonoscopy bowel preparation and strengthening health education could reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes during bowel preparation and ensure patient safety.
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Dr. lain C Bruce for helpful comments on the manuscript. 77 and ZL were partially supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program （973 Program） （No. 2012CB518006）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 31228010, 31171026, 31100597, 31327901, 31221002, 31330024, 31400708, 31670843, 31521062, and SQ2011SF11B01041）. Yu-Zhen Chen, Xiao-Cun Li, Zhen-Quan Guo, Li Zhou, Zhuan Zhou, Song-vve no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human subjects performed by the any of the authors. All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed.
文摘Opioid addiction is one of the top challenges for society, particularly in China. To fight it, the key is to reveal its underlying mechanisms. Among the strategies to overcome the mental damage caused by opioids, investigating native anti-opioid peptides derived from mammalian （including human） brains is an important option because of safety concerns. In 1983, diazepam-binding inhibitor （DBI）, a 10-kDa peptide, was first derived from rat brains （Guidotti et al., 1983）. After repeated treatment with morphine, the DBI level is enhanced in rodent brains （Katsura et al., 1998; Shibasaki et al., 2006）.
