Developmental Potential and Clinical Value of Embryos with Abnormal Cleavage Rate

To investigate the developmental potential and clinical value of embryos with abnormal cleavage rate,a retrospective analysis was performed on 66 635 2-prokaryotic(2PN)and 1-pronuclear(1PN)embryos.The embryos were given conventionally in vitro fertilization(IVF)treatment and continuously cultured on the day 3(D3)at the Reproductive Medicine Center,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2016 to December 2017.The embryos were separated into the day-2(D2)undivided group with 106 cases,the arrested development group with 3482 cases,the blastomere reduction group with 541 cases,and the control group with 62 506 cases,respectively.The blastocyst utilization rates of these three abnormal groups were 2.83%,10.86%and 6.84%,respectively,which were significantly different from that in control group(39.46%).Furthermore,2 cases of anabiosis and 1 case of live birth were found in D2 undivided group.In arrested development group,there were 55 cases of anabiosis,11 cases of clinical pregnancy in single-embryo transplantation(including 6 cases of live birth),and 25 cases of clinical pregnancy in combination with one normal embryo transplantation(including 23 cases of live births and 15 cases of dizygotic twins under B-ultrasound).There were 13 case of anabiosis in blastomere reduction group:there was 1 case of single embryo transplantation and clinical pregnancy was obtained;there were also 6 cases of clinical pregnancy in combination with one single normal embryo transplantation(including 5 cases of live births and 2 cases of di2ygotic twins under B-ultrasound).In conclusion,embryos with abnormal cleavage rate still have the potential to continue to develop,and have certain blastocyst utilization rate and live birth.

High-quality Cleavage Embryo versus Low-quality Blastocyst in Frozen-thawed Cycles:Comparison of Clinical Outcomes

This study compared the clinical outcomes of the frozen-thawed cycles of high-quality cleavage embryos with low-quality blastocysts to provide a reference for the choice of frozen-thawed embryo transfer schemes and to improve clinical pregnancy rates.A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 2016 to 2017.In total,845 cases were divided into a high-quality cleavage embryo group(group A)and a low-quality blastocyst group(group B).Each group was further divided into subgroups based on the number of transplants.Group A was categorized into two subgroups comprising of 94 cases in subgroup Al(1 high-quality 8-cell group)and 201 cases in subgroup A2(2 high-quality 8-cell group).Group B was divided into four subgroups consisting of 73 cases in subgroup B I(D53BC group),65 cases in subgroup B2(D54BC group),110 cases in subgroup B3(D63BC group),and 282 cases in subgroup B4(D64BC group).The pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes between the groups were compared.The clinical pregnancy rates(56.72%and 60.00%)and live birth rates(47.76%and 46.15%)in subgroups A2 and B2 showed no significant differences,but these rates were significantly higher in subgroups A2 and B2 than in the rest subgroups(P<0.05).The multiple birth rate(26.32%)in the subgroup A2 was significantly higher than that in the rest subgroups(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the abortion rates among all groups(P>0.05).In terms of neonatal outcomes,there were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of premature births,sex ratios,and birth defects among the low-weight and gigantic infants(P>0.05).Transplanting two high-quality cleavage embryos during the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles could significantly increase clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates,but at the same time,it also increased the risks of multiple births and complications to mothers and infants.The D54BC subgroup had the most significant advantages among all groups(P<0.05).The rest low-quality blastocysts had clinical outcomes similar to the single high-quality cleavage embryo group.

Immunofluorescent Study of Human MⅡ Oocytes Failed to Fertilize after IVF and ICSI

Objective To discuss the reason why human M Ⅱ oocytes failed to fertilize after IVF and ICSI. Methods The unfertilized human MⅡ oocytes were collected 24-48 h after IVF and ICSI and stained for immunoflurescence and PI counterstain. The types of fertilization failure were identified under the fluorescence microscopy. Results About 55.8% oocytes in IVF were found no sperm in them, which were more than that in ICSI （9.7%） （P〈0.01）. About 14.9% oocytes in IVF and 58.1% in ICSI displayed oocyte activation failure. The difference was significant （P〈0.01）. Defects in pronuclear formation and or migration was found in a similar proportion of oocytes both after IVF （25.3%） and ICSI （32.3%）（P〉0.05）. There were 3.9% oocytes with other abnormalities were observed in IVF but none in ICSI. Conclusion The main reason of fertilization failure after IVF was no sperm penetration. However fertilization failure after ICSI was mainly associated with incomplete oocyte activation.