陈红风运用扶正法改善TNBC患者生存质量及其基于数据挖掘的经验研究（英文）

目的通过前后对比患者生存质量量表差异,初步评价陈红风教授应用扶正法通过中药复方改善三阴性乳腺癌患者生存质量的疗效;收集并整理陈红风教授临床治疗三阴性乳腺癌的中药复方,探索其用药规律。方法患者治疗前后填写乳腺癌患者生存质量测定量表FACT-B(V4.0),就诊中药复方使用Microsoft SQL Server2005构建数据库和数据挖掘平台,通过数据挖掘关联分析方法,总结药对和药物组合规律。结果复方对患者生理状况、社会/家庭状况、情感状况、功能状况和附加关注5部分平均分值均有增加(P<0.01);总结陈红风教授常用药物组合和药对。结论陈红风教授中药复方可以减轻患者的不良生理反应,改善患者的心理状况,提高患者的功能状况;复方以健脾养胃,活血散结为治则,且用药简洁,顾护后天为主。

Ji-Chuan decoction ameliorates slow transit constipation via regulation of intestinal glial cell apoptosis

BACKGROUND Slow transit constipation(STC)is a common intestinal disease with increasing incidence.STC results from various factors,such as the enteric nervous system and metabolic changes.As a classical formula of traditional Chinese medicine,Ji-Chuan decoction(JCD)has been extensively and effectively used in STC treatment,yet its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear.AIM To explore the integrated regulatory pattern of JCD against STC through hyphenated techniques from metabolism,network pharmacology and molecular methods.METHODS STC model mice were generated by intragastric administration of compound diphenoxylate(10 mg/kg/d)for 14 d.The STC mice in the low dose of JCD(3.04 g/kg),middle dose of JCD(6.08 g/kg)and high dose of JCD(12.16 g/kg)groups were orally administered JCD solution once a day for 2 wk.The acetylcholine(ACH)level was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The pathological features of colon tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The differentially expressed metabolites and metabolic pathways were tested by nontargeted metabolomics.The main targets and core ingredients of JCD were identified by network pharmacology,and the expression of AKT was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.Finally,the pathways involved in JCD treatment were predicted using a combination of differentially expressed metabolites and targets,and intestinal glial cell apoptosis was demonstrated by immunofluorescence.RESULTS JCD significantly promoted intestinal motility,increased the levels of the excitatory neurotransmitter ACH and reduced intestinal inflammation in STC mice.Untargeted metabolomics results showed that JCD significantly restored metabolic dysfunction and significantly affected taurine and hypotaurine metabolism.Network pharmacology and molecular experiments showed that JCD regulates AKT protein expression,and the core component is quercetin.Combined analysis demonstrated that apoptosis may be an important mechanism by which JCD relieves constipation.Further experiments showed that JCD reduced enteric glial cell(EGC)apoptosis.CONCLUSION This work demonstrated that reducing EGC apoptosis may be the critical mechanism by which JCD treats STC.These findings call for further molecular research to facilitate the clinical application of JCD.

Cascade model for continuous prediction of silicon content of molten iron with coupled state variable nodes

With the goal of achieving advanced and multi-step prediction of silicon content of molten iron in the blast furnace ironmaking process,a path adaptive optimization seeking strategy coupled with simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm was proposed from the perspective of innovative intelligent algorithm application.It was further coupled with wavelet neural network algorithm to deeply explore the nonlinear and strong coupling relationship between the information of big data samples and construct a cascade model for continuous prediction of silicon content of molten iron with the intelligent research results of state variables such as permeability index as the node and silicon content forecast as the output.In the model construction process,the 3r criterion was used for non-anomaly estimation of abnormal data to build a time-aligned sample set for multi-step forecasting of iron content,the normalization method was used to eliminate the influence of dimensionality of sample information,and the spearman correlation analysis algorithm was used to eliminate the time delay between state variables,control variables,and silicon content of molten iron in the blast furnace smelting process.The results show that permeability and theoretical combustion temperature as the key state variable nodes have real-time correlation with the silicon content of molten iron,and there are accurate forecasting results on the optimal path with the endpoint of molten iron silicon content prediction.The path finding based on the improved genetic algorithm of simulated annealing has good effect on the downscaling and depth characterization of sample data and improves the data ecology for the application of wavelet neural network algorithm.The accuracy of the real-time continuous forecasting model for the silicon content of molten iron reaches 95.24%;the hit rate of continuous forecasting one step ahead reaches 91.16%,and the hit rate of continuous forecasting five steps ahead is 87.41%.This model,which can realize the nodal dynamics of state variables,has better promotion value.

Influence of Cohesive Zone Shape on Solid Flow in COREX Melter Gasifier by Discrete Element Method

Based on the principle of discrete element method （DEM）, a 2D slot model of a COREX melter gasifier was established to analyze the influence of cohesive zone shape on solid flow, including mass distribution, velocity distribution, normal force distribution and porosity distribution at a microscopic level. The results show that the co- hesive zone shape almost does not affect the particle movement in the upper shaft and deadman shape. The particles in the lower central bottom experience large normal force to support the particles above them, while particles around the raceway and in the fast flow zone exhibit weak force network. The porosity distribution was also examined under three kinds of cohesive zones. Like the velocity distribution, the whole packed bed can be divided into four main re- gions. With the increase of cohesive zone position, the low porosity region located in the root of cohesive zone increa- ses. And the porosity distribution becomes asymmetric in the case of biased cohesive zone.

Microstructure Variation of Pellets Containing Ferrous Dust during Carbonation Consolidation

The carbonation and microstructure characteristics of pellets containing ferrous dusts were investigated during carbonation consolidation at differem reaction temperatures and CO2 partial pressures. The results indicated that green pellets had loose and network supporting structure with initial strength, and large cracks and pores existed in the pellets. The carbonation reaction was controlled by interracial chemical reaction at the initial fast stage, which limited diffusion and thus caused the reaction rate to decrease. With increasing reaction temperature and CO2 partial pressure, the conversion rates of CaO and the number of microcrystalline CaCO3 particles increased, and the volume expansion of CaCO3 led to a decrease in the open porosity, average pore size and specific surface area of the pellets. Micro pores were occluded, and the number of smaller pores （diameter less than 50 nm） increased, thereby resulting in the more compact and uniform structure of carbonated pellets. Simuhaneously, the dense structure prevented CO2 diffusion into the product layer, affecting the increase in carbonation conversion rate.

Properties of ten-year-aged argon oxygen decarburization stainless steel slag

The characteristics of argon oxygen decarburization slag(AODS)for smelting stainless steel that has been aged for 10 years were analyzed.Three types of AODSs distributed at three positions in a slag heap were sampled for comparison experiments.Chemical analysis,mineral phase identification,thermogravimetric analysis,and micromorphology analysis were used to study the element migration trends and carbonation behavior of AODS after long-term aging.Sequential leaching tests were performed to study the chromium leachability of the aged AODS.The results show that during the long-term aging process,the AODS heap had undergone oxidation and carbonation,accompanied by element migration and mineralogical evolution.The surface slag had the highest degree of carbonation but the weakest chromium leachability.The chemical composition of the middle slag was the closest to that of the original slag.In the bottom steel slag,in addition to magnesium,certain depositions of other elements were present.The matrix phases in the aged slag were dicalcium silicate and merwinite,and the chromium was mainly wrapped in these matrix phases in the form of oxides,spinels,or alloys.Under the combined effects of carbonation and oxidation,the leaching characteristics of the chromium in the aged slag varied greatly depending on the location.The bottom slag had the strongest chromium leachability,and the hexavalent chromium had long-term continuous leachability.

Numerical investigation of breakup process of molten blast furnace slag through air quenching dry granulation technique

Molten slag is broken up by supersonic air into droplets through the air quenching dry slag granulation technique.The breakup process of blast furnace slag directly determines the droplet diameter and the waste heat recovery.In order to gain deep insight into the granulation mechanism and visualize the breakup process,three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulation based on the k-x based shear stress transport turbulence model was conducted to simulate the transient breakup process of molten slag(k is the turbulent kinetic energy,and x is the specific dissipation rate).The coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method was utilized to capture the sharp air–liquid interface.The results show that a flat film is formed firstly under the effects of air impingement,recirculation zone and pressure gradients.Then,the axial wave and the spanwise wave appear simultaneously and the film is broken up into ligaments owing to the generation of vortex and hole structure at the intersection of axial trough and spanwise trough.Finally,the ligaments are broken up into droplets owing to Rayleigh–Taylor instability at the air–liquid interface.The droplets smaller than 3.00 mm account for 80%,with the average diameter of 1.95 mm.

Crystallization behavior of blast furnace slag modified by adding iron ore tailing

Blast furnace （BF） slag is a by-product of the ironmaking process and could be utilized to manufacture slag fiber by adding iron ore tailing. The crystallization behavior of the modified BF slag is significant to the fi- brosis process. To investigate the influence of basieity on the crystallization behavior, BF slag was modi- fied by adding iron ore tailing at room temperature and melted at 1 500 ℃. FactSage simulation, X-ray dif- fraction, scanning electron microscopy backscattered electron imaging coupled to an energy dispersive spectrometer, and hot thermocouple technique analysis were performed to explore the crystallization be- havior of the modified BF slag during the cooling process. It was found that the initial crystallization tem- perature increased with the increase in basicity. Melilite, anorthite, clinopyroxene, and wollastonite could be generated during the cooling process as basicity ranged from 0.7 to 0.9. Spinel could be found as one of the phases; however, wollastonite disappeared under a basicity of 1.0. The initial crystallization tempera- ture was controlled by the crystallization of melilite during the cooling process when the basicity of the modified BF slag ranged from 0. 7 to 1.0. Moreover, the cooling rate could also influence the crystalliza- tion of the modified BF slag.

Crystallization behavior of blast-furnace slag by single hot thermocouple technique

The crystallization behavior of blast-furnace slag under isothermal and continuous-cooling conditions was studied using the single hot thermocouple technique.The crystallization phases were obtained using FactSage software and X-ray diffractometry.The crystallization kinetic parameters were calculated by combining these results with the Johnson-Mehl—Avrami model.Under isothermal conditions,the shortest crystallization incubation time was 24 and 18 s when the temperatures were 1300 and 1150℃,and the corresponding critical cooling rates were 4.5 and 14.3℃/s,respectively.At 1270℃,the slag was difficult to crystallize and the fiber-forming rate improved.When the continuous-cooling rate was 6.5℃/s,the slag solidified into a glassy state.The main crystallization phases,gehlenite,akermanite,anorthite,and melangite,were most easily precipitated.The growth factors of melangite and anorthite were approximately 1.63 and 1.68,respectively,which indicated that the crystals nucleated on the surface and grew in two dimensions.

Structure characterization and grinding performance of gas-quenched steel slag abrasive

Gas-quenched steel slag abrasive was obtained by gas quenching with high-temperature liquid steel slag as raw material.The phase composition,thermal properties,micromorphology,magnetic properties,and mechanical properties of the par-ticles were characterized by using an X-ray diffractometer,a differential thermal analyzer,a scanning electron microscope,a magnetic property meter,and a compressive strength tester,respectively.Results show that the gas-quenched steel slag abrasive is a monodisperse regular sphere.The compressive strength of a single particle is 34 N.The product is ferromag-netic and has good thermal properties.The micromorphology and flatness of the workpiece before and after grinding with the gas-quenched steel slag abrasive were measured using a three-dimensional profilometer.Results reveal that the surface roughness of the workpiece is reduced to 1.526,0.623,and 0.227μm after grinding for 5,10,and 20 min,respectively.The surface profile fluctuation decreases to±1.0μm.Thus,the workpiece surface tends to be flat without obvious scratches.

Preparation and Metallurgical Analysis of High Activity Burnt Lime for Steelmaking

Burnt lime is an important material in steelmaking and its activity degree is a key factor for liquid steel quality. The burnt lime was made by the calcination of limestone in a high pressure electric furnace. The burnt lime mineralogical phases and micro-morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and field emission scan- ning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）. The burnt lime activity degree was determined by acid-base titration, the burnt lime pore distribution was measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry （MIP）, and the thermal effect of a mixture of burnt lime and slag was measured by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results showed that the CaO grain size and pore size of burnt lime made under high pressure were larger than those of burnt lime made under atmos- pheric pressure. The CaO grain size and pore size increased and the laminate phenomenon also occurred clearly under high pressure. The activity degree of burnt lime made under high pressure was greater than that made under atmos- pheric pressure. The maximum activity degree was 437 mL for burnt lime made under a pressure of 0.4 MPa. For the same ratio of CaO to SiOz, the melting temperature, hemisphere temperature and fluidity temperature of slag decreased with increasing burnt lime activity degree. The higher the activity degree the burnt lime had, the better the slag forming occurred. It was advantageous for -2CaO · SiO2 and 3CaO · SiO2 forming at lower temperatures if the burnt lime activity degree was increased.

High-temperature modification and air-quenching granulation of steel slag

To solve the problem of difficult utilization of steel slag,the liquid steel slag was modified and the air-quenching granulation process was carried out to make steel slag into a value-added end product:air-quenching granulated steel slag.The granulated slag was tested to analyze the variation rule of slag properties under different modification conditions.Based on the phase diagram of CaO–Si_(2)O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3 slag system,the feasibility of blast furnace(BF)slag as modifier was determined.When the addition of BF slag was increased from 0%to 35%,following results were obtained.The slag fluidity was improved,and the air-quenching temperature range was expanded.Then,the yield of air-quenched steel slag increased,while the granulation rate,the degree of sphericity,the compactness were decreased.Furthermore,the air-quenching granulation process could substantially improve the stability and the amorphous content of steel slag.The maximum removal rate of free CaO was above 80%and the amorphous content was up to 95%.Taking the factors of yield and properties of granulated steel slag into full consideration,the optimum proportion of BF slag is around 15%.

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of flow and splash behavior in an oxygen coal combustion melting and separating furnace

The change of bubbles and the position of the tuyere in an oxygen coal combustion melting and separating furnace affect the flow and splash behavior of the molten pool.To analyze this problem further,a three-dimensional numerical simulation method was used to explore the behavior and change of the flow field inside the molten pool during double-row tuyere injection.In addition,the arrangement of the tuyere was changed for a more detailed understanding of the internal phase distribution and splashing in a molten pool.The results indicated that under three-dimensional numerical simulation conditions,bubbles rise after leaving the tuyere and break on the surface of the molten pool,which results in certain fluctuations in the nearby melt.During the injection process of the tuyere,the meteorological accumulation in the middle part of the molten pool formed part of the foam slag because of the influence of surface tension.When the layout of the upper and lower exhaust tuyeres was changed from staggered to symmetrical,or when the spacing of the upper and lower exhaust tuyeres changed,it had an effect on the phase distribution and splash behavior.