Expression level of pluripotent genes in incomplete reprogramming

Objective:To compare the expression levels of pluripotent genes among incomplete reprogrammed colonies and induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs),to explore the relationship between the expression of pluripotent genes and incomplete reprogramming.Methods:four genes(Oct4,Sox2,Klf4,C-Myc) were introduced into human foreskin fibroblasts(HFFs) by retroviruses.The HFFs were induced to reprogramming.Different forms of colonies were picked up,analyzed,and compared with iPSCs from different aspects,including the morphology of clones,alkaline phosphatase(AP) staining,immuno-fluorescence,and Q-PCR.Results:In the reprogramming process,different colonies were emerged,some of them exhibited typical human embryonic stem cell morphology(eg.,compact colonies,high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratios,and prominent nucleoli).However,these colonies couldn't maintain these characters after passage.There was an intermediate state,named partially reprogramming.Through analysis and identification,AP staining results were weakly positive,compared with iPSC colonies.The immuno-fluorescence staining demonstrated these colonies just expressed pluripotent protein Oct4.Q-PCR indicated that the expression of exogenous transcription factors was inappropriate,either at a high level or at a low level.Most of the endogenous pluripotency genes were expressed at a low level.Conclusions:It may be one of the causes of incomplete reprogramming that the exogenous pluripotent gene is low-expressed or over-expressed,and successful reprogramming may depend on a specific stoichiometric balance of Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc.

Study on the relationship between microRNA and trophoblast cells and PE

Preeclampsia is a disease that occurs during pregnancy.Its pathogenesis is not clear.The delivery of placenta and fetus can effectively relieve symptoms.Trophoblast cells are the main cell components of placenta.The normal development of placenta depends on the normal differentiation,proliferation,migration and invasion of trophoblast cells.microRNA is a class of small non-coding RNA that are differentially expressed in PE patients and participate in the occurrence of PE by regulating the function of trophoblast cells.microRNA are expected to be early predictive markers of preeclampsia and provide new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of PE.

Effect of different fertilization time after human chorionic gonadotropin injection on fertilization outcome of patients in vitro fertilizationembryo transfer

Objective:To explore the effect of different fertilization time after human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)injection on the outcome of fertilization in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods:One thousand one hundred and forty IVF-ET cycles from January 2016 to August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the different fertilization time after injection of HCG divided into four groups:Group A(38.0 h~39.0 h),Group B(39.1 h~40.0 h),Group C(40.1 h~41.0 h),and Group D(41.1 h~42.0 h).The normal fertilization rate,the normal cleavage rate,the embryo utilization rate,the high-quality embryo rate,the clinical pregnancy rate,the implantation rate,and the spontaneous abortion rate were analyzed among the groups.Then we investigated the effect of different promotion methods on the outcome of fertilization during the optimal fertilization time.Results:There was no significant difference in 2PN cleavage rate,available embryo rate,clinical pregnancy rate,implantation rate and abortion rate among the four groups(P>0.05).The high-quality embryo rate in Group D(44.6%)was the highest,and was significantly different among the four groups(P<0.05).The normal fertilization rate in Group D(71.6%)was the highest,and was significantly different among the four groups(P<0.05).The normal fertilization rate(78.1%)of antagonist group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:The different fertilization time after HCG injection have effects on high-quality embryo rate and normal fertilization rate of patients in IVF-ET.The appropriate fertilization time of patients in IVF-ET was 41 h~42 h after HCG injection in our reproductive center,improved the clinical pregnancy rate and reduced the early abortion rate.The GnRH-ant protocol is superior to other protocol in IVF-ET.

Clinical study of different fertilization methods of assisted reproductive technology on neonatal birth defects

Objective:To investigate the incidence of neonatal birth defects in assisted reproductive technology(ART)by in vitro fertilization(IVF)and intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Methods:The clinical data of 4229 cases of singleton deliver by infertile patients under 35 years old who received IVF/ICSI-ET in our center were analyzed.According to different fertilization methods,they were divided into IVF group(2967 cases)and ICSI group(1262 cases).The general situation of birth,birth defects and the location of defects were compared between the two groups.Results:a total of 38 cases of neonatal birth defects were found,the incidence of birth defects was 0.89%,including 30 cases(1.01%)in IVF group and 8 cases(0.64%)in ICSI group.There was no significant difference in the incidence of birth defects between the two groups(P>0.05).There was also no significant difference in birth weight,gestational age and gender ratio between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Different fertilization methods in assisted reproductive technology do not increase the incidence of neonatal birth defects.

Diagnostic Guidelines for Infertility

Infertility seriously endangers the reproductive health of women at childbearing age.It is defined as the failure to achieve successful pregnancy after 1 year or more of regular unprotected intercourse.Broadly defined,infertility includes two aspects-failure to conceive or have a live birth.This guideline only addressed content relevant to the former.It was proposed by the gynecological endocrine group of the Chinese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Chinese Medical Association,based on relevant guidelines of the World Health Organization,the American Society for Reproductive Medicine,the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,as well as the clinical practice in China.The guideline was reviewed by experts and doctors from medical institutions at all levels,which is applicable to the diagnosis of infertility by physicians in obstetrics,gynecology,and andrology at various medical institutions nationwide.