Triglyceride glucose index for predicting cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease

Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.However the prognostic value of TyG index in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is not determined.

Clinical,biochemical and genetic characteristics of familial hypercholesterolemia with and without type 2 diabetes

Background Though type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is an important and independent risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD)in general population,whether this feature also exists in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia(FH)is less determined.The current study aims to characterize the clinical,laboratory,coronary and genetic characteristics of the FH patients with T2DM compared with FH alone.

The different relations of PCSK9 and Lp(a) to the presence and severity of atherosclerotic lesions in patients with HeFH

Background Relations of lipoprotein (a)(Lp[a]) and proprotein convertase substilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels to coronary artery disease (CAD) have been well established in general population, while little is known about the association between Lp(a) or PCSK9 and atherosclerotic lesions of different artery sites in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).

Non-obstructive coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in patients with angina-like chest pain detected by coronary angiography:a Chinese cohort study

Objective The utility of non-obstructive coronary artery diseases(NOCAD) in cardiovascular events (CVE) among Chinese patients has less been evaluated. Our objective was to investigate the prognostic value of NOCAD in patients with angina-like chest pain detected by coronary angiography (CAG) in a large Chinese cohort study.

残余胆固醇与心血管、癌症死亡率的相关性:一项全国性队列研究

The health significance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins,also known as remnant cholesterol,has been increasingly recognized.However,evidence of their associations with cause-specific mortality in the general population was previously insufficient.To explore these associations and their heterogeneities across subgroups,a prospective cohort study was conducted including 3,403,414 community-based participants from China HEART,an ongoing government-funded public health program throughout China,from November 2014 through December 2022.The study assessed mortality risk of all-cause mortality,cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality(including mortality from ischemic heart diseases(IHD),ischemic stroke(IS),and hemorrhagic stroke(HS),separately),and cancer mortality(including lung cancer,stomach cancer,and liver cancer,separately).During the 4-year follow-up,23,646 individuals died from CVD(including 8807 from IHD,3067 from IS,and 5190 from HS),and 20,318 from cancer(including 6208 from lung cancer,3013 from liver cancer,and 2174 from stomach cancer).Compared with individuals with remnant cholesterol<17.9 mg/d L,multivariable-adjusted mortality hazard ratios(HRs)for individuals with remnant cholesterol≥27.7 mg/d L were 1.03(1.00–1.05)for all-cause mortality,1.17(1.12–1.21)for CVD(1.19(1.12–1.27)for IHD mortality,and 1.22(1.09–1.36)for IS mortality),and 0.90(0.87–0.94)for allcancer mortality(0.94(0.87–1.02)for lung cancer,0.59(0.53–0.66)for liver cancer,and 0.73(0.64–0.83)for stomach cancer).In summary,this study revealed a correlation between increased remnant cholesterol levels and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease mortality,as well as a reduced risk of mortality for certain types of cancer.

Liver Fibrosis Scoring Systems as Novel Tools for Predicting Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients with a Prior Cardiovascular Event

Objective:Regarding the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease(CVD),there is great interest in preventing recurrent cardiovascular events(RCVEs).The prognostic importance of liver fibrosis scores(LFSs)has previously been reported in variousCVDs.We hypothesized that LFSs might also be useful predictors for RCVEs in patients with prior cardiovascular events(CVEs).Herein,we aimed to evaluate the associations of LFSs with RCVEs in a large,real-world cohort of coronary artery disease(CAD)patients with a prior CVE.Methods:In this multicenter prospective study,6527 consecutive patients with angiography-diagnosed CAD who had experienced a prior CVE(acute coronary syndrome,stroke,percutaneous coronary intervention,or coronary artery bypass grafting)were enrolled.LFSs were computed according to the published formulas:non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score(NFS)includes age,body mass index(BMI),impaired fasting glycemia or diabetes mellitus(DM),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)/alanine aminotransferase(ALT)ratio,platelets,and albumin;fibrosis-4(FIB-4)includes age,AST,ALT,and platelets;Forns score includes age,gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT),and platelets;BARD includes BMI,AST/ALT ratio,and DM;GGT/platelet ratio includes GGT and platelets;AST/ALT ratio includes AST and ALT;and AST/platelet ratio index includes AST and platelets.The originally reported cutoffs were used for the categorization of low-,intermediate-,and high-score subgroups.All patients were followed up for the occurrence of RCVEs(comprising cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,and stroke).Cox and Poisson regression analyses were used to assess the relationship of baseline LFSs with the risk of RCVE.Results:During a mean follow-up of(54.67±18.80)months,532(8.2%)RCVEs were recorded.Intermediate and high NFS,FIB-4,Forns,and BARD scores were independently associated with an increased risk of RCVE(hazard ratios ranging from 1.42 to 1.75 for intermediate scores and 1.35 to 2.52 for high scores).In the subgroup analyses of sex,age,BMI,DM,and hypertension status,the increased risk of RCVEs with high LFSs(NFS,FIB-4,Forns,and BARD)was maintained across the different subgroups(all P<0.05).Conclusion:This study showed that LFSs are indeed independently associated with RCVEs,suggesting that LFSs may be used as novel tools for risk stratification in CAD patients with a prior CVE.