A high-precision multi-dimensional microspectroscopic technique for morphological and properties analysis of cancer cell

Raman and Brillouin scattering are sensitive approaches to detect chemical composition and mechanical elasticity pathology of cells in cancer development and their medical treatment researches.The application is,however,suffering from the lack of ability to synchronously acquire the scattering signals following three-dimensional(3D)cell morphology with reasonable spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio.Herein,we propose a divided-aperture laser differential confocal 3D Geometry-Raman-Brillouin microscopic detection technology,by which reflection,Raman,and Brillouin scattering signals are simultaneously in situ collected in real time with an axial focusing accuracy up to 1 nm,in the height range of 200μm.The divided aperture improves the anti-noise capability of the system,and the noise influence depth of Raman detection reduces by 35.4%,and the Brillouin extinction ratio increases by 22 dB.A high-precision multichannel microspectroscopic system containing these functions is developed,which is utilized to study gastric cancer tissue.As a result,a 25%reduction of collagen concentration,42%increase of DNA substances,17%and 9%decrease in viscosity and elasticity are finely resolved from the 3D mappings.These findings indicate that our system can be a powerful tool to study cancer development new therapies at the sub-cell level.

促动力药联合质子泵抑制剂与单独质子泵抑制剂治疗胃食管反流疾病疗效的荟萃分析

本研究旨在系统评价促动力药联合质子泵抑制剂与单独质子泵抑制剂治疗胃食管反流疾病的疗效,为临床用药提供循证参考。通过检索Pub Med和Embase英文数据库,收集促动力药联合质子泵抑制剂与单独使用质子泵抑制剂治疗胃食管反流疾病的随机对照研究,采用Rev Man 5.3偏倚风险评分工具对纳入研究进行质量评估并按预先设定的数据收集表提取相关资料。使用Rev Man 5.3和Stata 12.0统计软件进行分析,连续变量采用均差(Mean difference,MD)表示,分类变量采用相对比(Relativeratio,RR)表示。共纳入13个随机对照研究1388例患者,Meta分析结果显示:与质子泵抑制剂单药治疗相比,联合促动力药显著提高总有效率(RR=1.15,95%CI:(1.07,–1.24),P<0.001),胃食管反流问卷GERD-Q评分(MD=–1.38,95%CI:(–2.12,–0.64),P<0.001),胃食管反流症状频率量表FSSG评分(MD=2.11,95%CI:(1.68,2.54),P<0.001)和直观模拟评分(MD=–0.69,95%CI:(–0.93,–0.45),P<0.001),具有显著统计学差异。而两组内镜响应(RR=1.08,95%CI:(0.99,1.18),P=0.10)和症状响应(RR=1.22,95%CI:(0.94,1.59),P=0.13)比较无显著统计学差异。因此,对于胃食管反流患者,联合促动力药能明显提高总有效率(内镜响应和/或症状响应)及生活质量评分,但不能改善单独的内镜响应或症状响应。但考虑到本文纳入研究样本量较小,且合并一些混杂因素,因此期待大样本高质量的随机对照研究验证本文观点。

Surface disorder engineering in ZnCdS for cocatalyst free visible light driven hydrogen production

Metal chalcogenide solid solution,especially ZnCdS,has been intensively investigated in photocatalytic H_(2) generation due to their cost-effective synthetic procedure and adjustable band structures.In this work,we report on the defect engineering of ZnCdS with surface disorder layer by simple room temperature Li-ethylenediamine(Li-EDA)treatment.Experimental results confirm the formation of unusual Zn and S dual vacancies,where rich S vacancies(Vs)served as electron trapping sites,meanwhile Zn vacancies(Vzn)served as hole trapping sites.The refined structure significantly facilitates the photo charge carrier transfer and improves photocatalytic properties of ZnCdS.The disordered ZnCdS shows a highest photocatalytic H_(2) production rate of 33.6 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) under visible light with superior photocatalytic stabilities,which is 7.3 times higher than pristine ZnCdS and 7 times of Pt(1 wt.%)loaded ZnCdS.

Wavelength-Dependent Solar N_(2) Fixation into Ammonia and Nitrate in Pure Water

Solar-driven N_(2) fixation using a photocatalyst in water presents a promising alternative to the traditional Haber-Bosch process in terms of both energy efficiency and environmental concern.At present,the product of solar N_(2) fixation is either NH_(4)^(+)or NO_(3)^(-).Few reports described the simultaneous formation of ammonia(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))by a photocatalytic reaction and the related mechanism.In this work,we report a strategy to photocatalytically fix nitrogen through simultaneous reduction and oxidation to produce NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)byW18O49 nanowires in pure water.The underlying mechanism of wavelength-dependent N_(2) fixation in the presence of surface defects is proposed,with an emphasis on oxygen vacancies that not only facilitate the activation and dissociation of N_(2) but also improve light absorption and the separation of the photoexcited carriers.Both NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)can be produced in pure water under a simulated solar light and even till the wavelength reaching 730 nm.The maximum quantum efficiency reaches 9%at 365 nm.Theoretical calculation reveals that disproportionation reaction of the N_(2) molecule is more energetically favorable than either reduction or oxidation alone.It is worth noting that the molar fraction of NH_(4)^(+)in the total product(NH_(4)^(+)plus NO_(3)^(-))shows an inverted volcano shape from 365nm to 730 nm.The increased fraction of NO_(3)^(-)from 365 nm to around 427 nm results from the competition between the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at W sites without oxygen vacancies and the N_(2) oxidation reaction(NOR)at oxygen vacancy sites,which is driven by the intrinsically delocalized photoexcited holes.From 427nm to 730 nm,NOR is energetically restricted due to its higher equilibrium potential than that of OER,accompanied by the localized photoexcited holes on oxygen vacancies.Full disproportionation of N_(2) is achieved within a range of wavelength from~427nm to~515 nm.This work presents a rational strategy to efficiently utilize the photoexcited carriers and optimize the photocatalyst for practical nitrogen fixation.

A novel strategy of fabricated flexible ITO electrode by liquid metal ultra-thin oxide film

Flexible transparent conductive films are gaining attention day by day over the last few years due to it is a key component of next generation flexible electronics and optoelectronic devices.Indium tin oxide(ITO)as one of the most widely used transparent conductive material is limited by the traditional deposition approach cannot be achieve ultra-thin,which results in its brittle nature.Herein,a novel strategy for fabricating highly transparent conductive films by liquid metal interface phase separation technique based on low-melting liquid metal of InxSn100-x alloy is reported,during the solid-to-liquid phase transition of alloy,the monolayer of surface oxide film segregated with the bulk phase and was printed on the flexible polyethylene-naphthalate(PEN)substrate under the van der Waals.This novel strategy can directly print the ultra-thin self-oxide with the structure of ITO on PEN substrate,with the resulting of transparency over 97.5%and resistivity as low as 0.21 kU cm,providing a new way of lowcost raw ITO material as well as the personalized preparation strategy.The desirable highly transparent conductive films are comparable to recently reported ITO film,together with advantages of pretty steady,make them attractive as various flexible transparent conductive electrodes,for example,an ultra-thin ITO film is developed for luminescent devices.

中空核壳型锑碳材料的钠化过程观测与高效率储钠

锑因其高容量、低电压等优点成为备受关注的钠离子电池负极材料,但钠化过程中巨大的体积膨胀使其难以实现稳定的循环.本文提出了一个氧化-包覆-还原的策略,将不适合直接用作负极的商业化锑粉加工成中空核壳型棒状锑碳复合材料.氧化锑受热升华还原的过程中,在碳层上形成了密集分布的锑单原子.利用原位环境电镜,将该材料构建成微观纳米电池,实现了钠化过程的实时观测.发现锑在钠化过程中发生不规则膨胀,碳层可随锑膨胀产生相应变形.碳层内部的原有空间以及碳层向外扩张的能力,均有利于维持碳层对锑在钠化膨胀过程中的包覆效果.在电池测试中,该材料在0.1 C下的可逆比容量超过620 mA h g^(−1),首圈的库伦效率高达84.9%(显著高于文献报道的水平),以及在1 V vs.Na^(+)/Na的电位以下可完成95%的充电容量.该材料优异的电池性能说明中空核壳型结构设计可用于开发实用型锑基钠电负极材料.