Research progress of TRIMs protein family in tumors

The tripartite motif(TRIMs)protein family has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity among most of its members.They participate in multiple cellular processes and signaling pathways in living organisms,including cell cycle,growth,and metabolism,and mediate chromatin modification,transcriptional regulation,post-translational modification,and cellular autophagy.Previous studies have confirmed that the TRIMs protein family is involved in the development of various cancers and correlated with the prognosis of tumor patients.Here we summarize the biological roles of the TRIMs protein family in cancers.

Seamless Stitching of Redox Windows to Enable High-Voltage Resilient Solid Sodium Ion Batteries

While sulfide solid electrolytes such as Na_(11)Sn_(2)PS_(12)can allow fast transport of Na+ions,their utilization in solid sodium ion batteries is rather unsuccessful since they are not electrochemically compatible to both high-voltage cathodes and sodium metal anode.In this work,we devise an effective approach toward realizing solid sodium ion batteries,using the Na_(11)Sn_(2)PS_(12)electrolyte and slurry-coated NASICON-type Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3)@C as high-voltage cathode,highly beneficial for low processing cost and high content/loading of active cathode matter.We report that through significantly improved integrity of electrolyte-cathode interface,such solid sodium ion batteries can deliver outstanding cycling and rate performance,with a charge voltage resilience up to 4.1 V,a high cathode discharge capacity of 128.7 mAh g^(-1)against the Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3)@C in cathode is achieved at 0.05 C,and capacity retention ratio of 82%with a rate of 0.1 C is realized after prolonged cycling at room temperature.Besides,we demonstrate that such a solid sodium ion battery can even perform at a sub-zero Celsius temperature of-10℃,when the conventional control cell using liquid electrolyte completely fail to function.This work is to offer a dependable avenue in engineering next generation of safe solid ion batteries based on highly sustainable and much cheaper material resources.

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of lead-free cesium tin halide perovskite microplates

Tin halide perovskites recently have attracted extensive research attention due to their similar electronic and band structures but non-toxicity compared with their lead analogues. In this work, we prepare high-quality CsSnX_(3)(X=Br,I) microplates with lateral sizes of around 1–4 μm by chemical vapor deposition and investigate their low-temperature photoluminescence(PL) properties. A remarkable splitting of PL peaks of the CsSnBr_(3)microplate is observed at low temperatures. Besides the possible structural phase transition at below 70 K, the multi-peak fittings using Gauss functions and the power-dependent saturation phenomenon suggest that the PL could also be influenced by the conversion from the emission of bound excitons into free excitons. With the increase of temperature, the peak position shows a blueshift tendency for CsSnI_(3), which is governed by thermal expansion. However, the peak position of the CsSnBr3microplate exhibits a transition from redshift to blueshift at ~160 K. The full width at half maximum of CsSnX_(3)broadens with increasing temperature, and the fitting results imply that longitudinal optical phonons dominate the electron–phonon coupling and the coupling strength is much more robust in CsSnBr3than in CsSnI_(3). The PL intensity of CsSnX_(3)microplates is suppressed due to the enhanced non-radiative relaxation and exciton dissociation competing with radiative recombination. According to the Arrhenius law, the exciton binding energy of CsSnBr_(3)is ~38.4 meV, slightly smaller than that of CsSnI_(3).

Research progress of protein phosphatase 2A in cellular autophagy

Autophagy is an important metabolic process.It facilitates the recycling of intracellular substances by removing,degrading,and recycling damaged organelles,proteins,and lipids in lysosomal vacuoles and plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.Protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A)is a key serine/threonine phosphatase and one of the main cell cycle regulatory enzymes.As PP2A activity is essential for the cell,dysfunction or dysregulation of PP2A can affect various physiological processes,including autophagy.Here,we review the autophagy-related factors that target PP2A in different diseases,such as breast cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,and Alzheimer’s disease,to maintain cell homeostasis by modulating the level of autophagy through mTORC1/ULK1 pathway,MAPK pathway,or AMPK pathway.

RRCNN: Request Response-Based Convolutional Neural Network for ICS Network Traffic Anomaly Detection

Nowadays,industrial control system(ICS)has begun to integrate with the Internet.While the Internet has brought convenience to ICS,it has also brought severe security concerns.Traditional ICS network traffic anomaly detection methods rely on statistical features manually extracted using the experience of network security experts.They are not aimed at the original network data,nor can they capture the potential characteristics of network packets.Therefore,the following improvements were made in this study:(1)A dataset that can be used to evaluate anomaly detection algorithms is produced,which provides raw network data.(2)A request response-based convolutional neural network named RRCNN is proposed,which can be used for anomaly detection of ICS network traffic.Instead of using statistical features manually extracted by security experts,this method uses the byte sequences of the original network packets directly,which can extract potential features of the network packets in greater depth.It regards the request packet and response packet in a session as a Request-Response Pair(RRP).The feature of RRP is extracted using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network,and then the RRP is judged to be normal or abnormal based on the extracted feature.Experimental results demonstrate that this model is better than several other machine learning and neural network models,with F1,accuracy,precision,and recall above 99%.

Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of the Readiness for Discharge of Patients after Prostate Cancer Surgery Based on the Concept of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS)

Objective To investigate the level of readiness for discharge of patients after prostate cancer surgery based on the concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide references for improving the readiness for discharge of patients after prostate cancer surgery. Methods The general information questionnaire, the discharge preparation scale, and the discharge guidance quality scale were used to investigate 119 patients discharged from the urological surgery department of a tertiary A-level hospital in Guangzhou after radical prostatectomy. Results The total score of discharge readiness of patients after radical prostatectomy was 147.74 ± 35.71 points, which was at a lower middle level and the total score of discharge guidance quality was 180.68 ± 38.91 points, which was at a medium level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level, family monthly income, Gleason score, whether to perform lymphatic dissection, whether to discharge with a urinary catheter, and the quality of discharge guidance were the main factors influencing the readiness for discharge of patients after prostate cancer surgery. Conclusion In clinical nursing work, it is necessary to implement individualized health education according to the characteristics and needs of different patients to improve the level of preparation for discharge of patients after prostate cancer surgery.

Quantum Communication Networks and Trust Management: A Survey

This paper summarizes the state of art in quantum communication networks and trust management in recent years.As in the classical networks,trust management is the premise and foundation of quantum secure communication and cannot simply be attributed to security issues,therefore the basic and importance of trust management in quantum communication networks should be taken more seriously.Compared with other theories and techniques in quantum communication,the trust of quantum communication and trust management model in quantum communication network environment is still in its initial stage.In this paper,the core technologies of establishing secure and reliable quantum communication networks are categorized and summarized,and the trends of each direction in trust management of quantum communication network are discussed in depth.

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Drought and Flood in Quanzhou Based on Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in Recent 55 Years

To analyze the characteristics of drought and flood variations in Quanzhou during recent 55 years, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) were calculated by using the monthly precipitation data from 6 meteorological bureaus across Quanzhou for 1960-2014. Results showed that: 1) During 1960-2014, the drought and flood showed Periodic variation characteristics in Quanzhou, the specific period of frequent drought was 1963-1972, 1977-1986 and 2009-2011, and the specific period of frequent flood was 1961-1962, 1972-1975, 1990-1992 and 1997-2007;the drought and flood did not have significant tendency of variation in Spring and Summer, and the drought and flood showed a non-significant downward trend in Autumn and Winter. 2) The drought and flood variation had relatively consistent trend in Quanzhou, but there was a big difference on the northwest mountainous area, the middle semi-mountainous area and the southeast coast area in some periods. 3) The precipitation cell and distribution in every season were Nan’an and Anxi, but there was a big difference in rainfall less area: it was Yongchun and Dehua in Spring, Chongwu and Jinjiang in Summer, Chongwu in Autumn, Dehua and Chongwu in Winter.

FPGA implementation and image encryption application of a new PRNG based on a memristive Hopfield neural network with a special activation gradient

A memristive Hopfield neural network(MHNN)with a special activation gradient is proposed by adding a suitable memristor to the Hopfield neural network(HNN)with a special activation gradient.The MHNN is simulated and dynamically analyzed,and implemented on FPGA.Then,a new pseudo-random number generator(PRNG)based on MHNN is proposed.The post-processing unit of the PRNG is composed of nonlinear post-processor and XOR calculator,which effectively ensures the randomness of PRNG.The experiments in this paper comply with the IEEE 754-1985 high precision32-bit floating point standard and are done on the Vivado design tool using a Xilinx XC7 Z020 CLG400-2 FPGA chip and the Verilog-HDL hardware programming language.The random sequence generated by the PRNG proposed in this paper has passed the NIST SP800-22 test suite and security analysis,proving its randomness and high performance.Finally,an image encryption system based on PRNG is proposed and implemented on FPGA,which proves the value of the image encryption system in the field of data encryption connected to the Internet of Things(Io T).

Influence of Halide Choice on Formation of Low-Dimensional Perovskite Interlayer in Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent advances in heterojunction and interfacial engineering of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have enabled great progress in developing highly efficient and stable devices.Nevertheless,the effect of halide choice on the formation mechanism,crystallography,and photoelectric properties of the lowdimensional phase still requires further detailed study.In this work,we present key insights into the significance of halide choice when designing passivation strategies comprising large organic spacer salts,clarifying the effect of anions on the formation of quasi-2D/3D heterojunctions.To demonstrate the importance of halide influences,we employ novel neo-pentylammonium halide salts with different halide anions(neoPAX,X=I,Br,or Cl).We find that regardless of halide selection,iodide-based(neoPA)_(2)(FA)_((n-1))PbnI_((3n+1))phases are formed above the perovskite substrate,while the added halide anions diffuse and passivate the perovskite bulk.In addition,we also find the halide choice has an influence on the degree of dimensionality(n).Comparing the three halides,we find that chloride-based salts exhibit superior crystallographic,enhanced carrier transport,and extraction compared to the iodide and bromide analogs.As a result,we report high power conversion efficiency in quasi-2D/3D PSCs,which are optimal when using chloride salts,reaching up to 23.35%,and improving long-term stability.

A Reasonable Approach for the Development of Shale Gas Wells with Consideration of the Stress Sensitivity

High-pressure deep shale gas reservoirs are usually highly stress-sensitive.When the reasonable production mode of shale gas well is built,the impact of strong stress sensitivity should be fully considered.First,this study calculated the relationship between permeability and formation pressure under different elastic modulus based on the shale lithology of Long Ma Xi formation in Sichuan Basin by testing and analysing the mechanical parameters of the rock.According to numerical simulation result,when the elastic modulus exceeds 14.0 GPa,the stress sensitivity of the matrix will slight affect the cumulative gas production of shale gas.Second,the changing relation between fracture conductivity and permeability with fracture pressure and the time of pressure acts were experimentally studied.The numerical simulation result suggested that the 30-year cumulative gas production considering the stress sensitivity was reduced by 13.5%compared with the 30-year cumulative gas production without considering the stress sensitivity.Finally,the production of different production modes under different stress sensitive characteristics was predicted using numerical simulation method.When the matrix and fractures are fixed with a same stress-sensitive curve,the initial production allocation will not significantly impact the cumulative gas production.When the fractured fractures are subjected to a varying stress sensitive curve,the lower production allocation will result in higher post-production and cumulative gas production.

Study on the Ownership of Plant Genetic Resources on Farmers' Land

In order to protect Chinese farmers' sharing benefits and make legal preparation for accession to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, this paper analyzed differences between state sovereignty and ownership of genetic resources and between natural resources and plant genetic resources on farmers' land. Then, it studied the regulations of the United States, European Union and Indian on the ownership of plant genetic resources on farmers' land. On the basis of the analysis and study, the authors stated that the sovereignty of plant genetic resources can not replace the ownership system. The plant genetic resources on farmers' (community) land should be in the possession of farmers or communities, which should be confirmed by the State.

Variations in the Prevalence of Anemia of Varying Severity Among Urban Non-Pregnant Women—China,2021

Summary What is already known about this topic?Anemia is a significant public health issue affecting women globally.Prior studies in China predominantly concentrated on anemia in pregnant or reproductiveage women,leaving a gap in available data concerning anemia in non-pregnant women of all age groups in China.

Catalytic hosts with strong adsorption strength for long shelf-life lithium-sulfur batteries under lean electrolyte

Low electrolyte/sulfur ratio(E/S)is an important factor in increasing the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs).Recently,the E/S has been widely lowered using catalytic hosts that can suppress“shuttle effect”during cycling by relying on a limited adsorption area.However,the shelf-lives of these cathodes have not yet received attention.Herein,we show that the selfdischarge of sulfur cathodes based on frequently-used catalytic hosts is serious under low E/S because the“shuttle effect”during storage process caused by polysulfides(PSs)disproportionation cannot be suppressed using a limited adsorption area.We further prove that the adsorption strength toward PSs,which is unfortunately weak in commonly-used catalytic hosts,is critical for effectively hindering the disproportionation of the PSs.Subsequently,to verify this conclusion,we prepare a sulfur-doped titanium nitride(S-TiN)catalytic array host.As the adsorption strength and catalytic activity of TiN can be improved by S doping simultaneously,the constructed S/S-TiN cathodes under a low E/S(6.5μL·mg−1)exhibit better shelf-life and cycle-stability than those of S/TiN cathodes.Our work suggests that enhancing the adsorption strength of catalytic hosts,while maintaining their function to reduce E/S,is crucial for practical LSBs.

DBLiPro:A Database for Lipids and Proteins in Human Lipid Metabolism

To help researchers in the field of biology,medicine,chemistry,and materials science to use lipidomic data conveniently,there is an urgent need to develop a platform that provides a systematic knowledgebase of human lipid metabolism and lipidome-centric omics analysis tools.DBLiPro is a user-friendly webserver allowing for access to human metabolism-related lipids and proteins knowledge database and an interactive bioinformatics integrative analysis workflow for lipidomics,transcriptomics,and proteomics data.In DBLiPro,there are 3109 lipid-associated proteins(LAPs)and 2098 lipid metabolites in the knowledge base section,which were obtained from Uniprot,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and were further annotated by information from other public resources in the knowledge base section,such as RaftProt and PubChem.DBLiPro offers a step-by-step interactive analysis workflow for lipidomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and their integrating multi-omics analysis focusing on the human lipid metabolism.In summary,DBLiPro is capable of helping users discover key molecules(lipids and proteins)in human lipid metabolism and investigate lipid–protein functions underlying mechanisms based on their own omics data.The DBLiPro is freely available at http://lipid.cloud na.cn/home.

Dual role of lipids for genome stability and pluripotency facilitates full potency of mouse embryonic stem cells

While Mek1/2 and Gsk3βinhibition("2i")supports the maintenance of murine embryonic stem cells(EsCs)in a homogenous naive state,prolonged culture in 2i results in aneuploidy and DNA hypomethylation that impairs developmental potential.Additionally,2i fails to support derivation and culture of fully potent female ESCs.Here we find that mouse ESCs cultured in 2i/LIF supplemented with lipid-rich albumin(AlbuMAx)undergo pluripotency transition yet maintain genomic stability and full potency over long-term culture.Mechanisticaily,lipids in AlbuMAx impact intracellular metabolism including nucleotide biosynthesis,lipid biogenesis,and TCA cycle intermediates,with enhanced expression of DNMT3s that prevent DNA hypomethylation.Lipids induce a formative-like pluripotent state through direct stimulation of Erk2 phosphorylation,which also alleviates X chromosome loss in female ESCs.Importantly,both male and female"all-ESc"mice can be generated from de novo derived ESCs using AlbuMAXbased media.Our findings underscore the importance of lipids to pluripotency and link nutrient cues to genome integrity in early development.

How does heterogeneity in dwelling type preferences relate to housing and built environment characteristics?

Understanding housing preferences is critical for successful compact city development.However,there is limited research on understanding preference heterogeneity in dwelling type choices.Using the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey,this paper identifies the key housing and built environment characteristics associated with changes in dwelling type choice from detached houses to high-density.A latent class choice model captures the heterogeneity of dwelling type preferences within a traditionally low-density city,Brisbane,Australia.Findings reveal six household classes with distinct dwelling preferences:Class 1(senior households without children with other family members)and Class 2(couple families with children)in inner-city areas,Class 3(high-income young households)and Class 4(low-income households without children)in middle-city areas,Class 5(low-income families with children)and Class 6(middle-income young families without children)in outer-city areas.Residential environments with better access to educational facilities encourage Classes 3 and 6 to change to high-density living.Greater land use diversity encourages Classes 2,3,and 6 to move towards high-density living.Thefindings can be used to design and improve high-density housing for targeted population groups across inner-,middle-and outer-city areas.

枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂不同施用方式对甜瓜土壤微生物多样性及生长的影响

甜瓜连作种植和化学肥料过量施用造成了土壤微生态环境失衡、病害严重和产量降低等问题。施用枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂是改善土壤微生态环境、防治土传病害、促进植物生长的一项重要措施。文中以枯草芽孢杆菌为试验菌剂,分析菌剂不同施用方式对设施甜瓜土壤微生物多样性及生长的影响,采用稀释涂布平板方法测定土壤中可培养微生物的数量,采用Illumina Miseq测序技术测定土壤未培养微生物多样性,采用称重法测定甜瓜产量。结果表明,不同甜瓜生育时期,灌根、穴施和蘸根3种菌剂施用方式处理土壤可培养细菌的数量均显著高于对照,灌根、穴施和蘸根处理之间不存在显著差异;3个菌剂施用方式处理开花期土壤真菌数量显著低于对照,但是拉秧期土壤真菌数量差异不显著。比较3种菌剂施用处理中未培养微生物的多样性发现,细菌Shannon指数均高于常规施肥对照,Simpson指数低于对照;蘸根处理的真菌Shannon指数最低,Simpson指数最高。NMDS和聚类分析发现枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂蘸根施用处理对土壤中细菌和真菌菌群影响较大,均独立于一个分枝。微生物菌剂的施用使拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的丰度显著降低,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)的丰度显著升高,其中以蘸根处理变化最大。菌剂处理对真菌菌群的多样性影响较小,仅对壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)的丰度有显著影响。施用枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂可增加甜瓜的株高、茎粗、叶面积,蘸根处理的促长、增产效果最为显著。枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂作为一种新型环保肥料,具有增加土壤可培养微生物数量、提高土壤微生物多样性、促长增产的作用,该研究为枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂的合理施用提供了科学依据。

Positive effects of tree species diversity on litterfall quantity and quality along a secondary successional chronosequence in a subtropical forest

Aims Litterfall,as an important link between aboveground and belowground processes,plays a key role in forest ecosystems.Here,we test for effects of tree species richness on litter production and litter quality in subtropical forest.The study further encompasses a factorial gradient of secondary succession that resulted from human exploitation.Given that a large percentage of subtropical forests are in secondary successional stages,understanding the role of biodiversity on forest re-growth after disturbance appears critical.Methods From January 2009 to December 2014,we monitored forest litterfall in 27 Comparative Study Plots that spanned a gradient of tree species richness(3-20 species)and secondary successional ages(~20 to 120 years)in Gutianshan Natural Nature Reserve,Zhejiang Province,China.The experiment is part of the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research platform‘BEF-China’.Tree litterfall was collected in monthly intervals using litter traps.Samples were separated into leaf and non-leaf components.Leaf litter was further sorted into dominant and other species.Community level monthly leaf litter C and N contents were analysed through a full year.General linear mixed-effects models were applied to test for effects of tree species richness and successional age on litter quantity and leaf litter C/N.Important Findings Litterfall increased with species richness among and within successional age and this effect was consistent across years.Successionally older stands had higher litterfall and this effect was related to increased tree species richness.However,species richness did not change the intra-and inter-annual temporal stability of litterfall.Increasing tree species richness increased leaf litter quality(decreased C/N),while successional age had no effect.Our study indicates that more diverse forest stands produce more leaf litter and that this litter has higher N concentrations,which could promote forest growth through accelerated nutrient re-cycling.

Interspecific and intraspecific variation in specific root length drives aboveground biodiversity effects in young experimental forest stands

Aims Although the net biodiversity effect(NE)can be statistically partitioned into complementarity and selection effects(CE and SE),there are different underlying mechanisms that can cause a certain partitioning.Our objective was to assess the role of resource partitioning and species interactions as two important mechanisms that can bring about CEs by interspecific and intraspecific trait variation.Methods We measured tree height of 2493 living individuals in 57 plots and specific root length(SRL)on first-order roots of 368 of these individuals across different species richness levels(1,2,4,8 species)in a large-scale forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning experiment in subtropical China(BEF-China)established in 2009.We describe the effects of resource partitioning between species by a fixed component of interspecific functional diversity(RaoQ)and further effects of species interactions by variable components of interspecific and intraspecific functional diversity(community weighted trait similarity and trait dissimilarity,CWS and CWD).Finally,we examined the relationships between biodiversity effects on stand-level tree height and functional diversity(RaoQ,CWS and CWD)in SRL using linear regression and assessed the relative importance of these three components of functional diversity in explaining the diversity effects.Important Findings Our results show that species richness significantly affected SRL in five and tree height in ten out of 16 species.A positive NE was generally brought about by a positive CE on stand-level tree height and related to high values of RaoQ and CWS in SRL.A positive CE was related to high values of all three components of root functional diversity(RaoQ,CWS and CWD).Our study suggests that both resource partitioning and species interactions are the underlying mechanisms of biodiversity effects on stand-level tree growth in subtropical forest.