Ultra reliability and massive connectivity provision in integrated internet of military things(IoMT)based on tactical datalink

One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things(IoMT)is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service(QoS)in terms of ultra-high reliability.In this regard,this paper presents a class of code-domain nonorthogonal multiple accesses(NOMAs)for uplink ultra reliable networking of massive IoMT based on tactical datalink such as Link-16 and joint tactical information distribution system(JTIDS).In the considered scenario,a satellite equipped with Nr antennas servers K devices including vehicles,drones,ships,sensors,handset radios,etc.Nonorthogonal coded modulation,a special form of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)-NOMA is proposed.The discussion starts with evaluating the output signal to interference-plus-noise(SINR)of receiver filter,leading to the unveiling of a closed-form expression for overloading systems as the number of users is significantly larger than the number of devices admitted such that massive connectivity is rendered.The expression allows for the development of simple yet successful interference suppression based on power allocation and phase shaping techniques that maximizes the sum rate since it is equivalent to fixed-point programming as can be proved.The proposed design is exemplified by nonlinear modulation schemes such as minimum shift keying(MSK)and Gaussian MSK(GMSK),two pivotal modulation formats in IoMT standards such as Link-16 and JITDS.Numerical results show that near capacity performance is offered.Fortunately,the performance is obtained using simple forward error corrections(FECs)of higher coding rate than existing schemes do,while the transmit power is reduced by 6 dB.The proposed design finds wide applications not only in IoMT but also in deep space communications,where ultra reliability and massive connectivity is a keen concern.

Statistical Channel Modeling for Indoor VLC Communications Based on Channel Measurements

Visible light communication(VLC)has attracted much attention in the research of sixthgeneration(6G)systems.Furthermore,channel modeling is the foundation for designing efficient and robust VLC systems.In this paper,we present extensive VLC channel measurement campaigns in indoor environments,i.e.,an office and a corridor.Based on the measured data,the large-scale fading characteristics and multipath-related characteristics,including omnidirectional optical path loss(OPL),K-factor,power angular spectrum(PAS),angle spread(AS),and clustering characteristics,are analyzed and modeled through a statistical method.Based on the extracted statistics of the above-mentioned channel characteristics,we propose a statistical spatial channel model(SSCM)capable of modeling multipath in the spatial domain.Furthermore,the simulated statistics of the proposed model are compared with the measured statistics.For instance,in the office,the simulated path loss exponent(PLE)and the measured PLE are 1.96and 1.97,respectively.And,the simulated medians of AS and measured medians of AS are 25.94°and 24.84°,respectively.Generally,the fact that the simulated results fit well with measured results has demonstrated the accuracy of our SSCM.

反相乳液法聚合制备耐高温体积膨胀聚合物微球

以单硬脂酸甘油酯(GMS)为乳化剂、四烯丙基氯化铵(TAAC)为交联剂,通过反相乳液聚合制备了一种耐高温P(AM-AANa)聚合物微球。聚合物微球较优的合成条件是,交联剂和引发剂占单体的质量分数分别为0.8%和0.1%,mAM:mAA=0.5,m白油:mGM=5,m水相:m油相=2,在该条件下合成的微球吸水倍率为68.4 g/g,粒径为原来的29倍。傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线能量色散谱、扫描电镜和激光粒度仪分析结果表明,聚合物微球具有较好的球形度,聚合物微球在180℃时,分别在蒸馏水及在现场水中吸水10 d之后仍保持较好的球形,说明微球具有优良的耐高温稳定性。

Experimental Study for the Cementation Effect of Dust Soil by Using Soybean Urease

Dust is an environmental and health hazard.In this study,a new technology for dust suppressant is introduced using soybean urease with an optimal cementing solution.Calcium carbonate is produced by soybean urease and cementing solution,which bonds the soil particles towards a dust suppressant.A laboratory wind tunnel test is carried out to examine its effectiveness and discover possible optimization solutions.Several factors,including soybean meal concentration,cementing solution concentration,and volume of solution per unit area,are examined to quantify their influences on soil transport mass,evaporation ratio,evaporation rate,surface strength,water retention ratio,and infiltration rate of soil treated by different dust suppressants.Field tests are conducted to explore the performance of this method in the natural environment.The results show that compared with other dust suppressants,the optimized soybean urease has the smallest evaporation rate,a moderate infiltration rate,the largest water retention ratio and surface strength.The indexes of soybean urease for dust suppressant are found to be better than traditional materials.In the natural environment,soybean urease has a stronger anti-disturbance ability.This study concludes that soybean urease dust suppressant has great application potential as a cheap and green method.

ERF5.1 modulates carotenoid accumulation by interacting with CCD4.1 in Lycium

Carotenoids are important natural pigments and have medical and health functions for humans.Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4(CCD4)and ethylene responsive factor(ERF)participate in carotenoid metabolism,but their roles in Lycium have not been discovered.Here,we annotated LbCCDs from the Lycium reference genome and found that LbCCD4.1 expression was significantly correlated with the carotenoid metabolites during Lycium five fruit developmental stages.Over-expression of LbCCD4.1 in NQ’s leaves resulted in a series of significantly lower contents of carotenoid metabolites,includingβ-carotene andβ-cryptoxanthin.Moreover,LbERF5.1,a transcription factor belonging to the ERF family that was located in the nucleus,was isolated.Significant reductions in the carotenoids,especially lutein,violaxanthin and their derivatives,were observed in over-expressing ERF5.1 transgenic NQ’s leaves.Over-expression or virus-induced gene silencing of LbERF5.1 in NQ’s leaves induced a consistent up-or down-expression,respectively,of LbCCD4.1.Furthermore,yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that ERF5.1 interacted with the promoter of CCD4.1 to increase its expression,and LbERF5.1 could bind to any one of the three predicted binding sites in the promoter of LbCCD4.1.A transcriptome analysis of LbERF5.1 and LbCCD4.1 over-expressed lines showed similar global transcript expression,and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase,phytoene synthase,lycopeneδ-cyclase cytochrome,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97A,cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase 97C,and zeaxanthin epoxidase in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were differentially expressed.In summary,we uncovered a novel molecular mechanism of carotenoid accumulation that involved an interaction between ERF5.1 and CCD4.1,which may be used to enhance carotenoid in Lycium.

Effects of postoperative use of proton pump inhibitors on gastrointestinal bleeding after endoscopic variceal treatment during hospitalization

BACKGROUND Endoscopic variceal treatment(EVT)is recommended as the mainstay choice for the management of high-risk gastroesophageal varices and acute variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis.Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)are widely used for various gastric acid-related diseases.However,the effects of PPIs on the development of post-EVT complications,especially gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB),remain controversial.AIM To evaluate the effects of postoperative use of PPIs on post-EVT complications in patients with liver cirrhosis during hospitalization.METHODS Patients with a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command,treated by an attending physician between January 2016 and June 2020 and underwent EVT during their hospitalization were included.Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the effects of postoperative use of PPIs on the development of post-EVT complications during hospitalization.Odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated.RESULTS A total of 143 patients were included.The incidence of post-EVT GIB and other post-EVT complications was 4.90%and 46.85%,respectively.In the overall analyses,postoperative use of PPIs did not significantly reduce the risk of post-EVT GIB(OR=0.525,95%CI=0.113-2.438,P=0.411)or other post-EVT complications(OR=0.804,95%CI=0.413-1.565,P=0.522).In the subgroup analyses according to the enrollment period,type and route of PPIs after the index EVT,use of PPIs before the index EVT,use of vasoactive drugs after the index EVT,indication of EVT(prophylactic and therapeutic),and presence of portal venous system thrombosis,ascites,and hepatocellular carcinoma,the effects of postoperative use of PPIs on the risk of post-EVT GIB or other post-EVT complications remain not statistically significant.CONCLUSION Routine use of PPIs after EVT should not be recommended in patients with liver cirrhosis for the prevention of post-EVT complications during hospitalization.

螺内酯对左室射血分数中间范围心力衰竭的预后影响

目的探讨左室射血分数(LVEF)中间范围心力衰竭(HFmrEF)患者应用螺内酯后对心功能及临床预后的影响。方法选取经门诊随访的LVEF为40%~49%且氨基末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)>125 pg/ml的慢性心力衰竭患者共102例,随机分为治疗组与对照组。在给予心力衰竭常规药物治疗方案的基础上,治疗组加用螺内酯10~20 mg/d,共随访36个月,观察两组随访前后血压、心率、纽约心脏病学会(NYHA)心功能分级、血钾水平、超声心动图测量的左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)及LVEF、6 min步行距离等指标的变化,比较两组心力衰竭再住院率、心血管病死亡率并进行生存分析。结果随访后治疗组收缩压、舒张压及LVEDD水平较对照组明显降低,6 min步行试验距离延长,临床总有效率,心血管病死亡率及累积无心血管病死亡率均明显优于对照组(P<0.05),随访中无高钾血症等不良事件。结论HFmrEF患者在心力衰竭常规治疗基础上应用螺内酯安全并可改善预后。

CBL结合同伴互助教学法在基础医学实验心血管教学模块中的应用

目的探讨以案例为基础的教学法(case-based learning, CBL)结合同伴互助教学法(peer-assisted learning, PAL)在基础医学实验心血管教学模块中的教学效果。方法选取2015级临床医学专业五年制本科学生72名为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组采用传统的实验教学方法。实验组学生则选取与临床联系紧密,且手术操作难度较大的5部分心血管实验教学模块作为教学试点项目,采用CBL与PAL相结合的教学模式,然后评价考核成绩和教学效果,比较两组之间的差异。结果实验组学生考核成绩测评明显高于对照组(P < 0.05)。实验组中94.4 %以上的学生认可CBL与PAL相结合的教学模式,认为该教学方法能够提升学生们的学习兴趣和个人能力,有利于心血管系统的理论知识的掌握,并且有94.4%以上的学生希望在以后的实验课中广泛开展CBL与PAL相结合的教学模式。结论 CBL与PAL相结合的教学模式能够激发学生的学习兴趣,更好地发挥主观能动性去拓展医学知识和培养创新思维。

网络新生代与网络社会心态:代际更替、心态变迁与引导路径

网络新生代正在推动中国的价值观代际更替。作为现实社会与网络社会并行互构进程中最为特殊的关键群体,“90后”“00后”在网络化生存、高压化生存和全球化生存状态中,表现出更强的个人主义和反权威性,以超强的网络行动力建构社会支持系统,并主动追求精神价值目标的满足。网络新生代在社会议题、社会情绪、社会价值观方面深刻影响了网络社会心态的变迁,其背后,是这一群体独特的精神需求与网络表达特性。国家、社会要针对网络新生代的生命发展周期与压力提升现状,推进更丰富、更多元、更具新生代政治审美特点的精神文化产品建设,同时充分信任和理解这一代人,激发新生代的政治地位感,增强新生代的政治话语权,通过合适的方式提供更加充分的表达平台和参与空间,增强其政治成就感;在传播内容、传播平台和传播渠道建设等多重维度上同步年轻化,这是主流意识形态能否有效引导网络新生代的核心问题。

Genetic Variation in Salt Stress Response and Germplasm Resource Evaluation among <i>Lycium</i>Accessions

Genetic variation between naturally occurring ecotypes can be helpful to elucidate the mechanism controlling salt stress response in different environments. The salt stress response of 20 natural accessions or cultivars of Lycium was characterized at a physiological level, following exposed to 300 mM NaCl for 15 days. It is shown that salt stress increased Na+, betaine and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as the relative permeability of plasma membranes, but decreased K+, chlorophyll and glutathione (GSH) content, as well as K+/Na+ ratio compared with their respective control value in most of the varieties, though the increasing or decreasing extent has a clear genetic diversity. The physiological response was utilized to evaluate the salt-tolerant capacity of these varieties by principal component analysis and clustering analysis, and in which total chlorophyll, K+/Na+ ratio and partially GSH have the maximum weight relatively. These varieties could be categorized into four sub-groups, means greatly resistance (Heiguo, Ninqi No. 2 and Beifang), moderately resistant, sensitive, and mostly sensitive (Ninqi No. 7) to salt stress. Our results provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the improvement of saline-alkali land and rational utilization of Lycium germplasm resources in the future.

陕甘宁边区新闻事业的突围与革新

陕甘宁边区是中国共产党在延安时期局部执政的试验区。20世纪30年代末,在日本帝国主义与国民党的双重夹击下,党的新闻事业工作一度告急,最突出的技术难题在于缺纸。然而,边区新闻事业的突围并非仅仅是技术层面的突围。解决了“卡脖子”的科技问题,纸张如何大规模生产、紧俏局面下如何寻找替代或衍生品、文字信息是否有其他发行方式等,这都是持久的新闻事业突围战中无法绕过的问题。从困顿到大繁荣,边区新闻事业在党不断的自我革新与创新建制中走向成熟。本文希望通过回顾党在紧张的资源条件下统筹新闻事业的“政—研—产—发”过程,勾画出党在被动条件下铺开的主动的自我革新的领导蓝图。

抗VEGF治疗在儿童眼底病中的应用

血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是胚胎时期眼球发育过程中血管形成的关键介质,也是在多种眼科疾病中引起视网膜新生血管形成和血管通透性改变的重要因子。随着抗VEGF治疗在成人的应用逐渐成熟,越来越多的研究关注于抗VEGF治疗在儿童眼底病的应用,包括早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)、Coats病、家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变(FEVR)、色素失禁症相关视网膜病变、镰状细胞视网膜病、视网膜母细胞瘤及各种病因引起的脉络膜新生血管等。本文将对抗VEGF在这些眼底病中的应用现状作一综述。

Tong xie yao fang relieves irritable bowel syndrome in rats via mechanisms involving regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine and substance P

AIM: To investigate whether the Chinese medicine Tong Xie Yao Fang(TXYF) improves dysfunction in an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) rat model. METHODS: Thirty baby rats for IBS modeling were separated from mother rats(1 h per day) from days 8 to 21, and the rectum was expanded by angioplasty from days 8 to 12. Ten normal rats were used as normal controls. We examined the effects of TXYF on defection frequency, colonic transit function and smooth muscle contraction, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) and substance P(SP) in colonic and hypothalamus tissues by Western blot and RT-PCT techniques in both normal rats and IBS model rats with characterized visceral hypersensitivity.in normal rats and 4.5 ± 1.58 in IBS model rats(P < 0.001). However, the defecation frequency was significantly decreased(3.0 ± 1.25 vs 4.5 ± 1.58, P < 0.05), while the time(in seconds) of colon transit function was significantly increased(256.88 ± 20.32 vs 93.36 ± 17.28, P < 0.001) in IBS + TXYF group rats than in IBS group rats. Increased colonic smooth muscle tension and contract frequency in IBS model rats were significantly decreased by administration of TXYF. Exogenous agonist stimulants increased spontaneous activity and elicited contractions of colon smooth muscle in IBS model rats, and all of these actions were significantly reduced by TXYF involving 5-HT and SP down-regulation. CONCLUSION: TXYF can modulate the activity of the enteric nervous system and alter 5-HT and SP activities, which may contribute to the symptoms of IBS.

Effect of Tong Xie Yao Fang on endogenous metabolites in urine of irritable bowel syndrome model rats

BACKGROUND Tong Xie Yao Fang is a representative traditional Chinese prescription for the treatment of liver and spleen deficiency,abdominal pain and diarrhea.It has a unique function in the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),is a common functional bowel disease.Its main symptoms are recurrent abdominal pain,diarrhea,constipation or alternations between diarrhea and constipation.There are obvious differences in metabolites between TCM syndromes.By comparing the body fluid metabolism maps of model animals,metabolomics can discover disease biomarkers,analyze the differences in metabolic pathways and understand the pathological process and the metabolic pathways of substances in the body.Thus,the evaluation of animal models tends to be comprehensive and objective.This may provide further understanding between the interaction between Tong Xie Yao Fang and the IBS model.AIM To evaluate the effect of Tong Xie Yao Fang on IBS rats by using metabolomics method.METHODS Wistar rats were used to establish IBS models,and then randomly divided into four groups:A model control group and three Tong Xie Yao Fang treatment groups(high,medium and low doses).A normal,non-IBS group was established.The rats were treated for 2 wk.On days 0 and 14 of the experimental model,urine was collected for 12 h and was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.Nine potential biomarkers were identified,and six major metabolic pathways were found to be related to IBS.RESULTS In the study of metabonomics,nine potential biomarkers including L-serine,4-methylgallic acid,L-threonine,succinylacetone,prolyl-hydroxyproline,valylserine,acetyl citrate,marmesin rutinoside and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan were identified in urine,which were assigned to amino acids,organic acids,succinyl and glycosides.Furthermore,the metabolic pathway of L-serine,L-threonine and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan was found in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,which mainly involved the metabolism of cysteine and methionine,vitamin B6 metabolism,serotonin synapse,tryptophan metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism,digestion,absorption of protein and amino acid metabolism.These pathways are related to intestinal dysfunction,inflammatory syndrome,nervous system dysfunction and other diseases.CONCLUSION Tong Xie Yao Fang has pharmacological effects on IBS,and its mechanism may be related to the metabolism of the nine potential biomarkers identified above in urine.

Expression of lens-related microRNAs in transparent infant lenses and congenital cataract

AIM:To identify the expression of lens-related micro RNAs(miRNAs)in the central epithelium of transparent infant lenses and congenital cataract. METHODS:Lens-related mi RNAs were retrieved from Pub Med database. The expression levels of these mi RNAs in transparent infant lenses and congenital cataract were determined by stem-loop reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). mi Randa algorithm was used to predict the target genes of these differentially expressed mi RNAs. The target m RNA was validated.RESULTS:Six lens-related mi RNAs were retrieved from screening Pub Med database. The most abundant mi RNA in transparent infant lenses according to stem-loop RT-PCR was mi R-184. miR-182 was up-regulated in congenital cataract. Contrarily,miR-204 and miR-124 was down-regulated.mi R-204 exhibited a more significant decrease in expression than mi R-124. In addition,Meis2 was predicted to be the target of mi R-204 using mi Randa algorithm. mi R-204mimic/antagomir transfection experiments suggested the negative correlation between the expression of mi R-204 and Meis2.CONCLUSION:The expression levels of miR-182,miR-204 and mi R-124 differ between the central epithelium of transparent infant lens and congenital cataract,suggesting their involvement in the pathogenesis of congenital cataract. miR-204 may act via silencing Meis2 to regulate lens development and congenital cataract formation.

昭通渔洞水库流域不同作物种植模式对地表径流、渗漏水中氮磷流失量的影响

【目的】研究不同种植模式对地表径流和渗漏水的土壤表层氮、磷随降雨流失的情况。【方法】在渔洞水库流域的大田里设计了4种典型的作物种植类型。采用分光光度法测定样品中的氮、磷浓度。【结果】不同作物种植模式下地表径流中氮素流失质量浓度总体呈现先下降后上升,之后逐步下降的趋势,土壤渗透水相中氮素流失无明显变化趋势;不同作物种植模式对磷素流失质量浓度影响较大,地表径流和土壤渗透水相中磷素流失平均浓度较高的为苹果(0.71、0.99 mg/L)和青花(0.24、0.27 mg/L)。【结论】该试验设计合理,能为研究不同种植模式的氮磷流失量和吸收规律提供一定的理论依据,也可以为河流附近环境保护区的种植模式选择提供参考。

光纤传感技术在相似材料模型试验中的应用

为解决地下工程模型试验中应变无法量化分析的问题,以四川省九寨沟县青龙水电站引水隧洞为工程背景,设计并制作了隧洞模型试件,将分布式光纤和光栅传感器埋设于模型试件中进行隧洞模拟开挖试验,通过实验对比两种光纤传感技术,同时,探索出一种地质力学模型试验应变量测的可行方法,为研究地下工程的施工开挖及变形破坏提供参考。测量隧洞开挖前、开挖时、开挖后试件内部的应变,分析了其应变变化规律。实验结果表明,分布式光纤与光栅传感器测得应变值相近,说明了标定试验结果的准确性及分布式光纤在模型试验中的适用性,分布式光纤传感器能够真实地反应模型试件内光纤沿线的应变分布,及时准确地测量模型在加压作用和隧洞开挖过程中的应变分布情况。

On the intrinsic shape of the gamma-ray spectrum for Fermi blazars

The curvature of the γ-ray spectrum in blazars may reflect the intrinsic distribution of emitting electrons, which will further give some information on the possible acceleration and cooling processes in the emitting region. The γ-ray spectra of Fermi blazars are normally fitted either by a single power-law(PL) or a log-normal(call Logarithmic Parabola, LP) form. The possible reason for this difference is not clear. We statistically explore this issue based on the different observational properties of 1419 Fermi blazars in the 3 LAC Clean Sample. We find that the γ-ray flux(100 Me V–100 Ge V) and variability index follow bimodal distributions for PL and LP blazars, where the γ-ray flux and variability index show a positive correlation. However, the distributions of γ-ray luminosity and redshift follow a unimodal distribution. Our results suggest that the bimodal distribution of γ-ray fluxes for LP and PL blazars may not be intrinsic and all blazars may have an intrinsically curved γ-ray spectrum, and the PL spectrum is just caused by the fitting effect due to less photons.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of atmospheric pressure cold plasma enhanced early seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana

The stimulatory effects of atmospheric pressure cold plasma(APCP)on plant growth have attracted much attention due to its great potential as a new approach to increase crop growth and production.However,the transcriptome changes of plants induced by APCP treatment are unknown.Herein,the comparative transcriptome analysis was performed to identify the transcriptional response of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings to APCP.Results showed that APCP exhibited a dual effect(stimulation or inhibition)on Arabidopsis seedling growth dependent on the treatment time and the maximum stimulatory effects were achieved by 1 min APCP treatment.The metabolic analysis of amino acid,glutathione(GSH)and phytohormone demonstrated that 1 min APCP treatment decreased most amino acids concentrations in Arabidopsis seedling,while the accumulations of GSH,gibberellins and cytokinin were significantly increased.The RNA-Seq analysis showed that a total of218 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in 1 min APCP-treated seedlings versus the control,including 20 up-regulated and 198 down-regulated genes.The DEGs were enriched in pathways related to GSH metabolism,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling transduction and plant resistance against pathogens.Moreover,most of the DEGs were defense,stimuli or stressresponsive genes and encoded proteins with oxidoreductase activity.Expression determination of six randomly selected DEGs by quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated similar pattern with the RNASeq data.These results indicated that the moderate APCP treatment may regulate the expression of stimuli/stress-responsive genes involved in GSH,phytohormone/amino metabolism and plant defense against pathogens via MAPK signal transduction pathway,accordingly enhance Arabidopsis seedling growth.This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of APCP in agriculture.

中国绣球花主题植物景观营造

绣球花,又名八仙花、紫阳花等,是中国夏季著名的观花植物,除具极高的观赏价值外,绣球花还有很高的生态价值和药用价值。文章剖析了绣球花的主要特性、观赏品系以及绣球花文化内涵,结合国内外已有的景观案例,对我国绣球花主题植物景观营造要点进行了探讨,并对绣球花在我国现代园林中的应用进行了展望。