Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the “1 + 1 + 1” Method in Theoretical Teaching of Emergency Pericardiocentesis

Background: Pericardial effusion may progress to cardiac tamponade when pressure around the heart increases to a level comparable to that of the right and left atria. Patients with cardiac tamponade need timely completion of emergency pericardiocentesis to relieve the threat to the patient’s life, and to save valuable time for patients who need emergency thoracotomy and pericardial window drainage. Pericardiocentesis is a necessary clinical skill for residents in standardized training. In addition, nurses who are familiar with this technology can better assist clinicians to perform this operation. In order to make the medical staff quickly master the theoretical knowledge of emergency pericardiocentesis, we designed a “1 + 1 + 1” teaching method for the theoretical teaching of emergency pericardiocentesis. Objective: This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the “1 + 1 + 1” teaching method in the theoretical teaching of emergency pericardiocentesis. Methods: We used an English teaching video of emergency pericardiocentesis and applied the “1 + 1 + 1” teaching method for theoretical teaching. A questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the lecture among 19 medical staff of different years of service to understand their mastery of the theoretical content of emergency pericardiocentesis before and after the lecture. According to the years of service, the medical staff were divided into three groups: 1 - 3 years (Group A), 4 - 10 years (Group B), and over 10 years (Group C), and the changes in the mastery of various contents by the overall medical staff and each group were statistically analyzed. Results: Before the lecture, the number of people who mastered the indications, contraindications, most commonly used methods, and common complications of emergency pericardiocentesis were 15, 12, 16, and 17, respectively, whereas after the lecture, these numbers increased to 17, 19, 19, and 19, respectively. The overall mastery before and after the lecture was statistically significant (p Conclusion: The “1 + 1 + 1” teaching method can effectively improve the overall mastery level of medical staff’s theoretical knowledge of emergency pericardiocentesis, especially in improving the mastery of contraindications of this operation.

血脂与根治性前列腺切除术治疗后复发风险的关系

目的探讨血脂与根治性前列腺切除术(RP)治疗后复发风险的关系。方法选择行RP治疗的前列腺癌患者161例,其中预后中低风险68例、高风险93例。术后随访3年,生化复发45例、未复发116例。收集所有研究对象的一般资料、实验室检查资料、Gleason评分及临床分期。比较预后中低风险者与高风险者、生化复发者与未复发者上述临床资料,将差异有统计学意义的指标纳入多因素Logistic回归模型,分析行RP治疗患者预后高风险和生化复发的危险因素。结果预后高风险者HDL-C异常率及Lp(a)水平均高于中低风险者(P均<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,HDL-C异常是行RP治疗患者预后高风险的危险因素(P<0.05)。生化复发者HDL-C、Lp(a)异常率,Lp(a)、PSA水平及Gleason评分≥8分、临床分期≥T2c期比例均高于未复发者(P均<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,临床分期≥T2c期、高PSA水平和Lp(a)异常是行RP治疗患者生化复发的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论血脂中HDL-C、Lp(a)异常与行RP治疗患者预后高风险及生化复发有关。

‘玉露香’ב香红梨’F1代果实品质分析、优系筛选及品质评价方法

杂交育种是梨新品种选育的主要途径,杂种F1代的有效选择是筛选优良株系的关键环节。为了建立一套适合梨杂种后代果实品质评价的方法,本试验以‘玉露香’ב香红梨’杂交F1代为材料,测其10个优良单株14个果实品质性状指标并进行变异和相关性分析,用主成分分析、聚类分析和“合理-满意度”分析分别进行综合评价,筛选适宜的梨果实品质评价指标和方法,并对10个单株果实品质进行排序。结果表明,在构成果实品质主成分的信息中提取出5个主成分,结合聚类分析最终确定14个果实品质指标可简化为5个代表性指标:单果重、糖酸比、心果比、可溶性糖含量和果皮厚度。为了进一步验证主成分和聚类分析选出的5个代表性指标的可靠性再进行“合理-满意度”分析,依旧以这5个指标进行评价,结果发现除株系1-9和4-11排序上与其存在较大差异外,其他株系排序与主成分分析的结果基本相似,最终结合果实感官品质评价和聚类分析筛选出6个优株:1-9、2-160、2-166、3-208、4-11、4-156。本研究将主成分分析、聚类分析、“合理-满意度”多维价值理论合并用于‘玉露香’ב香红梨’后代果实的评价及验证得出,仅运用简化的5个指标进行主成分分析就可以较准确地对杂交后代单株果实品质进行评价并排序。这个方法可使梨果实品质评价得以简化,为梨果实品质综合评价提供新的思路和方法,可为杂交后代高效株选提供参考。

A data and physical model dual-driven based trajectory estimator for long-term navigation

Long-term navigation ability based on consumer-level wearable inertial sensors plays an essential role towards various emerging fields,for instance,smart healthcare,emergency rescue,soldier positioning et al.The performance of existing long-term navigation algorithm is limited by the cumulative error of inertial sensors,disturbed local magnetic field,and complex motion modes of the pedestrian.This paper develops a robust data and physical model dual-driven based trajectory estimation(DPDD-TE)framework,which can be applied for long-term navigation tasks.A Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)based quasi-static magnetic field(QSMF)detection algorithm is developed for extracting useful magnetic observation for heading calibration,and another Bi-LSTM is adopted for walking speed estimation by considering hybrid human motion information under a specific time period.In addition,a data and physical model dual-driven based multi-source fusion model is proposed to integrate basic INS mechanization and multi-level constraint and observations for maintaining accuracy under long-term navigation tasks,and enhanced by the magnetic and trajectory features assisted loop detection algorithm.Real-world experiments indicate that the proposed DPDD-TE outperforms than existing algorithms,and final estimated heading and positioning accuracy indexes reaches 5and less than 2 m under the time period of 30 min,respectively.

Hybrid pedestrian positioning system using wearable inertial sensors and ultrasonic ranging

Pedestrian positioning system(PPS)using wearable inertial sensors has wide applications towards various emerging fields such as smart healthcare,emergency rescue,soldier positioning,etc.The performance of traditional PPS is limited by the cumulative error of inertial sensors,complex motion modes of pedestrians,and the low robustness of the multi-sensor collaboration structure.This paper presents a hybrid pedestrian positioning system using the combination of wearable inertial sensors and ultrasonic ranging(H-PPS).A robust two nodes integration structure is developed to adaptively combine the motion data acquired from the single waist-mounted and foot-mounted node,and enhanced by a novel ellipsoid constraint model.In addition,a deep-learning-based walking speed estimator is proposed by considering all the motion features provided by different nodes,which effectively reduces the cumulative error originating from inertial sensors.Finally,a comprehensive data and model dual-driven model is presented to effectively combine the motion data provided by different sensor nodes and walking speed estimator,and multi-level constraints are extracted to further improve the performance of the overall system.Experimental results indicate that the proposed H-PPS significantly improves the performance of the single PPS and outperforms existing algorithms in accuracy index under complex indoor scenarios.

Combining genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis to identify molecular markers and genetic basis of population-asynchronous ovarian development in Coilia nasus

Coilia nasus,a migratory fish species found in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and along offshore areas of China,possesses considerable aquacultural and economic potential.However,the species faces challenges due to significant variation in the gonadal development rate among females,resulting in inconsistent ovarian maturation times at the population level,an extended reproductive period,and limitations on fish growth rate due to ovarian prematurity.In the present study,we combined genome-wide association study(GWAS)and comparative transcriptome analysis to investigate the potential single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and candidate genes associated with population-asynchronous ovarian development in C.nasus.Genotyping of the female population based on whole-genome resequencing yielded 2120695 high-quality SNPs,39 of which were suggestively associated with ovarian development.Of note,a significant SNP peak on LG21 containing 30 suggestively associated SNPs was identified,with cpne5a determined as the causal gene of the peak.Therefore,single-marker and haplotype association analyses were performed on cpne5a,revealing four genetic markers(P<0.05)and seven haplotypes(r2>0.9)significantly associated with the phenotype.Comparative transcriptome analysis of precociously and normally maturing individuals screened out 29 and 426 overlapping differentially expressed genes in the brain and ovary,respectively,between individuals of different body sizes.Integrating the GWAS and transcriptome analysis results,this study identified genes and pathways related to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormone secretion,extracellular matrix,angiogenesis,and gap junctions involved in population-asynchronous ovarian development.The insights gained from this study provide a basis for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian development in fish and may facilitate the genetic breeding of C.nasus strains exhibiting population-synchronous ovarian development in the future.

Quantum Spin Exchange Interactions to Accelerate the Redox Kinetics in Li–S Batteries

Spin-engineering with electrocatalysts have been exploited to suppress the“shuttle effect”in Li–S batteries.Spin selec-tion,spin-dependent electron mobility and spin potentials in activation barriers can be optimized as quantum spin exchange interactions lead-ing to a significant reduction of the electronic repulsions in the orbitals of catalysts.Herein,we anchor the MgPc molecules on fluorinated carbon nanotubes(MgPc@FCNT),which exhibits the single active Mg sites with axial displacement.According to the density functional theory calculations,the electronic spin polarization in MgPc@FCNT not only increases the adsorption energy toward LiPSs intermediates but also facilitates the tunneling process of electron in Li–S batter-ies.As a result,the MgPc@FCNT provides an initial capacity of 6.1 mAh cm^(-2) even when the high sulfur loading is 4.5 mg cm^(-2),and still maintains 5.1 mAh cm^(-2) after 100 cycles.This work provides a new perspective to extend the main group single-atom catalysts enabling high-performance Li–S batteries.

Riding towards a sustainable future:an evaluation of bike sharing’s environmental benefits in Xiamen Island,China

In the pursuit of sustainable urbanization,Bike-Sharing Services(BSS)emerge as a pivotal instrument for promoting green,low-carbon transit.While BSS is often commended for its environmental benefits,we offer a more nuanced analysis that elucidates previously neglected aspects.Through the Dominant Travel Distance Model(DTDM),we evaluate the potential of BSS to replace other transportation modes for specific journey based on travel distance.Utilizing multiscale geographically weighted regression(MGWR),we illuminate the relationship between BSS’s environmental benefits and built-environment attributes.The life cycle analysis(LCA)quantifies greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from production to operation,providing a deeper understanding of BSS’s environmental benefits.Notably,our study focuses on Xiamen Island,a Chinese“Type Ⅱ large-sized city”(1–3 million population),contrasting with the predominantly studied“super large-sized cities”(over 10 million population).Our findings highlight:(1)A single BSS trip in Xiamen Island reduces GHG emissions by an average of 19.97 g CO_(2)-eq,accumulating monthly savings of 144.477 t CO_(2)-eq.(2)Areas in the southwest,northeast,and southeast of Xiamen Island,characterized by high population densities,register significant BSS environmental benefits.(3)At a global level,the stepwise regression model identifies five key built environment factors influencing BSS’s GHG mitigation.(4)Regionally,MGWR enhances model precision,indicating that these five factors function at diverse spatial scales,affecting BSS’s environmental benefits variably.

Sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides exert immunomodulatory potential on macrophages via Toll-like receptor 4 mediated MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways

The biological activity of plant polysaccharides can be enhanced by sulfated modification.In this study,the immunomodulatory effect of sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides(SCP3)on macrophages RAW264.7 and its potential molecular mechanism were investigated.Results showed that SCP3 at 25-100μg/m L increased viability and improved phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells.Meanwhile,SCP3 could activate mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathways,which increased the phosphorylation of Erk1/2,JNK,p38 and NF-κB p65,promoting secretion of cytokines tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin 6(IL-6)and nitric oxide(NO)as well as the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).In addition,Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)receptor inhibitors were able to block the production of NO and TNF-αby SCP3-stimulated macrophages.Based on Western blot analysis and validation using specific inhibitors against MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways,the results demonstrated that SCP3 induced macrophages activation and enhanced TNF-αand NO production via TLR4-mediated MAPK and NF-κB pathways.In summary,SCP3 has significant immunomodulatory potential.The underlying molecular mechanism was that SCP3 activates macrophages via TLR4 receptors to promote ROS production,which in turn activates the downstream MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and then increases the secretion levels of cytokines and NO.

Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in coronary chronic total occlusion patients

BACKGROUND The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been reported as a novel predictor for atherosclerosis and car-diovascular outcomes.This study aimed to determine the effects of NLR on long-term clinical outcomes of chronic total occlusion(CTO)patients.METHODS A total of 670 patients with CTO who met the inclusion criteria were included at the end of the follow-up period.Patients were divided into tertiles according to their baseline NLR levels at admission:low(n=223),intermediate(n=223),and high(n=224).The incidence of major adverse cardiac events(MACEs)during the follow-up period,including all-cause death,nonfatal myocardial infarction(MI),or ischemia-driven revascularization,were compared among the three groups.RESULTS Major adverse cardiac events were observed in 27 patients(12.1%)in the low tertile,40(17.9%)in the intermediate tertile,and 61(27.2%)in the high NLR tertile(P<0.001).Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of MACE,ischemia-driven coronary revascularization,non-fatal MI,and mortality in patients within the high tertile than those in the low and intermediate groups(all P<0.001).Multivariable COX regression analysis showed that the high tertile of baseline NLR level showed a strong association with the risk of MACE(hazard ratio[HR]=2.21;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.21-4.03;P=0.009),ischemia-driven coronary revascularization(HR=3.19;95%CI:1.56-6.52;P=0.001),MI(HR=2.61;95%CI:1.35-5.03;P=0.043)and mortality(HR=3.78;95%CI:1.65-8.77;P=0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that NLR is an inexpensive and readily available biomarker that can independently pre-dict cardiovascular risk in patients with CTO.

Clinical efficacy and safety of erlotinib combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer:A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Advanced pancreatic cancer is resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs,resulting in limited treatment efficacy and poor prognosis.Combined administration of the chemotherapeutic gemcitabine and erlotinib is considered a potential first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer.However,their comparative benefits and potential risks remain unclear.AIM To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of erlotinib combined with other chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.METHODS Literature on the clinical efficacy and safety of erlotinib combined with chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer was retrieved through an online search.The retrieved literature was subjected to a methodological qualitative assessment and was analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 software.Ten randomized controlled trials involving 2444 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were included in the meta-analysis.RESULTS Compared with chemotherapeutic treatment,erlotinib combined with chemotherapy significantly prolonged the progression-free survival time of pancreatic cancer patients[hazard ratio(HR)=0.78,95%CI:0.66-0.92,P=0.003].Meanwhile,the overall survival(HR=0.99,95%CI:0.72-1.37,and P=0.95)and disease control rate(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.45-0.91,P=0.84)were not significantly favorable.In terms of safety,the erlotinib and chemotherapy combination was associated with a significantly higher risk of diarrhea(OR=3.59,95%CI:1.63-7.90,P<0.05)and rash(OR=3.63,95%CI:1.64-8.01,P<0.05)compared with single-agent chemotherapy.Moreover,the risk of vomiting(OR=1.27,95%CI:0.62-2.59,P=0.51),regurgitation/anorexia(OR=1.61,95%CI:0.25-10.31,P=0.62),and infection(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.28-1.87,P=0.50)were not significant in either group.CONCLUSION Compared with a single chemotherapeutic modality,erlotinib combined with gemcitabine can prolong progression-free survival in pancreatic cancer,but does not improve survival benefit or disease control rate,and can increase the risk of diarrhea and rash.

Multidisciplinary management of ulcerative colitis complicated by immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis with life-threatening gastrointestinal hemorrhage:A case report

BACKGROUND Programmed cell death 1(PD-1)inhibitors are immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)that have demonstrated significant efficacy in treating various advanced malignant tumors.While most patients tolerate treatment well,several adverse drug reactions,such as fatigue,myelosuppression,and ICI-associated colitis,have been reported.CASE SUMMARY This case involved a 57-year-old male patient with ulcerative colitis complicated by hepatocarcinoma who underwent treatment with tirelizumab(a PD-1 inhibitor)for six months.The treatment led to repeated life-threatening lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.The patient received infliximab,vedolizumab,and other salvage procedures but ultimately required subtotal colectomy due to uncontrollable massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding.Currently,postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding has stopped,the patient’s stool has turned yellow,and his full blood cell count has returned to normal.CONCLUSION This case highlights the necessity of early identification,timely and adequate treatment of ICI-related colitis,and rapid escalation to achieve the goal of improving prognosis.

Assessment of perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease activity with endoanal ultrasound: A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Perianal fistulas pose dual challenges to Crohn's disease(CD)patients.Low patient compliance due to the complexity of existing examination methods plagues the treatment and follow-up management of perianal CD.AIM To determine the accuracy of endoanal ultrasound(EUS)and shear wave elastography(SWE)for evaluating perianal fistulizing CD(PFCD)activity.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study.A total of 67 patients from August 2022 to December 2023 diagnosed with CD were divided into three groups:Non-anal fistula group(n=23),low-activity perianal fistulas[n=19,perianal disease activity index(PDAI)≤4],high-activity perianal fistulas(n=25,PDAI>4)based on the PDAI.All patients underwent assessments including EUS+SWE,pelvic magnetic resonance[pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)],C-reactive protein,fecal calprotectin,CD activity index,PDAI.RESULTS The percentage of fistulas indicated by pelvic MRI and EUS was consistent at 82%,and there was good consistency in the classification of perianal fistulas(Kappa=0.752,P<0.001).Significant differences were observed in the blood flow Limberg score(χ^(2)=8.903,P<0.05)and shear wave velocity(t=2.467,P<0.05)between group 2 and 3.Shear wave velocity showed a strong negative correlation with magnetic resonance novel index for fistula imaging in CD(Magnifi-CD)score(r=-0.676,P<0.001),a weak negative correlation with the PDAI score(r=-0.386,P<0.05),and a weak correlation between the Limberg score and the PDAI score(r=0.368,P<0.05).CONCLUSION EUS combined with SWE offers a superior method for detecting and quantitating the activity of perianal fistulas in CD patients.It may be the ideal tool to assess PFCD activity objectively for management strategies.

邮政免胶带封装箱的使用现状及问题探究

免胶带封装箱通过特殊的封装方式,省去胶带基材封箱,在降低白色污染和减少资源消耗方面发挥了重大作用,符合国家邮政局对快递封装用品绿色化的要求。邮政免胶带封装箱结构、封口方式、印刷等存在多种形式,在目前的推广使用过程中存在使用率相对较低、运输过程中容易出现破损、客户对免胶带封装箱的接受度较低等问题。文章探究了免胶带封装箱的使用现状和存在的问题,为高质量推进免胶带封装箱的使用提出了建议。

缺血性脑卒中病人皮内针技术临床应用情况调查

目的:调查某三级甲等中医院住院的缺血性脑卒中病人皮内针技术应用现状。方法:选取2022年1月—6月于北京市某三级甲等中医院住院使用皮内针技术的477例缺血性脑卒中住院病人展开回顾性调查与分析。结果:91.6%的缺血性脑卒中病人使用皮内针技术;住院科室多为脑病科、心血管科;出院诊断以腔隙性脑梗死为主(213例);辨证分型以风痰阻络证为主(138例);皮内针技术治疗的热点病症为肢体活动不利与头晕等,分别为140例、95例;取穴平均每人每次5个,肢体活动不利多选内关(128例)、太阳(89例)、足三里(70例)穴;头晕多选内关(65例)、三阴交(43例)、足三里(42例)穴;病人入院与出院时日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同性别、年龄病人出院与入院ADL得分差值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:缺血性脑卒中病人皮内针技术应用普遍,且其有助于改善病人的日常活动能力。

多学科管理在风痰阻络型缺血性脑卒中病人中的应用

目的:探讨多学科管理在风痰阻络型缺血性脑卒中病人中的应用效果。方法:采用便利抽样的方法,选取2022年1月—6月于中国中医科学院西苑医院脑病科住院的78例风痰阻络型缺血性脑卒中病人作为研究对象,采用多学科管理方案对病人进行干预,比较病人入院时及出院时肌力、神经功能障碍、神经功能恢复状态及日常生活活动能力。结果:风痰阻络型缺血性脑卒中肢体活动不利病人入院时与出院时的肌力、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、改良Rankin评分量表等级、日常生活活动能力量表评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:多学科管理可改善风痰阻络型缺血性脑卒中肢体活动不利病人的肌力、神经功能障碍、神经功能恢复状态和日常生活活动能力。

V2V Energy Trading Considering User Satisfaction under Low-Carbon Objectives via Bayesian Game

In response to the additional load impact caused by the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into the grid or microgrids (MGs), as well as the issue of low responsiveness of EV users during vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) power exchange processes, this paper explores a multi-party energy trading model considering user responsiveness under low carbon goals. The model takes into account the stochastic charging and discharging characteristics of EVs, user satisfaction, and energy exchange costs, and formulates utility functions for participating entities. This transforms the competition in multi-party energy trading into a Bayesian game problem, which is subsequently resolved. Furthermore, this paper primarily employs sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of multi-party energy trading on user responsiveness and green energy utilization, with the aim of promoting incentives in the electricity trading market and aligning with low-carbon requirements. Finally, through case simulations, the effectiveness of this model for the considered scenarios is demonstrated.

洪泽湖生态岛屿近岸防护工程优化设计研究

在深入分析洪泽湖“聚泥成岛”工程新筑生态岛屿岸坡土体冲蚀成因和周边水域的水位变化、风场、流场的基础上,以鹭居岛为例,对新筑岛屿迎流侧、过渡带以及近岸侧防护工程方案进行优化设计,以期为大型浅水湖泊近岸带防护工程设计提供技术参考。

大风对洪泽湖泗阳生态岛湖流影响数值模拟研究

为研究大风对洪泽湖泗阳生态岛工程湖流影响,采用MIKE 3建立了洪泽湖三维水动力数学模型。通过实测资料对模型参数率定,验证结果良好,进而研究了不同工况条件下洪泽湖水动力特性及泗阳生态岛工程对其附近湖流动力影响特性。结果表明:洪泽湖湖区流场变化主要受大风影响,风向及水位的变化均能对湖区壅水及湖流结构产生影响。生态岛的填筑将导致湖区出现局部迎流侧流速增大、背流侧流速减小的现象,但对整个湖区湖流及环流结构基本无影响。研究成果可为洪泽湖泗阳生态岛工程安全运行提供技术支撑。

渤南洼陷沙四下亚段沉积中心迁移演化规律

渤南洼陷沙四下亚段沉积时期气候干旱,发育套以红色系为主的红层沉积。红层地层厚度、泥岩颜色,砂体沉积组构在时间和空间上快速变化,洼陷原型及沉积中心迁移规律分析极为困难。基于红层沉积特点,以构造格架为约束,在传统原始沉积厚度恢复基础上,通过不同尺度地层厚度分析,结合物源供给与地层厚度相关性分析,明确不同区域尺度厚度中心指示意义,厘定沉积中心迁移规律。沙四下亚段沉积早期孤西断裂控制沉积中心发育,孤西断裂下降盘厚度中心为沉积中心.