Nucleotide excision repair pathway gene polymorphisms are associated with risk and prognosis of colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)are universally present in nucleotide excision repair(NER)pathway genes,which could make impacts on colorectal carcinogenesis and prognosis.AIM To explore the association of all tagSNPs in NER pathway genes with colorectal cancer(CRC)risk and prognosis in a northern Chinese population by a two-stage case-control design composed of a discovery and validation stage.METHODS Genotyping for NER SNPs was performed using kompetitive allele specific PCR.In the discovery stage,39 tagSNPs in eight genes were genotyped in 368 subjects,including 184 CRC cases and 184 individual-matched controls.In the validation stage,13 SNPs in six genes were analyzed in a total of 1712 subjects,including 854 CRC cases and 858 CRC-free controls.RESULTS Two SNPs(XPA rs10817938 and XPC rs2607775)were associated with an increased CRC risk in overall and stratification analyses.Significant cumulative and interaction effects were also demonstrated in the studied SNPs on CRC risk.Another two SNPs(ERCC2 rs1052555 and ERCC5 rs2228959)were newly found to be associated with a poor overall survival of CRC patients.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest novel SNPs in NER pathway genes that can be predictive for CRC risk and prognosis in a large-scale Chinese population.The present study has referential values for the identification of all-round NER-based genetic biomarkers in predicting the susceptibility and clinical outcome of CRC.

A fast identification method based on the typical geophysical differences between submarine shallow carbonates and hydrate bearing sediments in the northern South China Se a

Bottom simulating reflector(BSR)has been recognized as one of the indicators of gas hydrates.However,BSR and hydrate are not one-to-one correspondence.In the Xisha area of South China Sea(SCS),carbonate rocks wildly develop,which continuously distribute parallel to the seafloor with high amplitude on seismic sections,exhibiting reflections similar to BSRs in the Shenhu area nearby.This phenomenon causes some interference to hydrates identification.In this paper,the authors discussed the typical geophysical differences between carbonate rocks and hydrates,indicating that the main difference exists in relationship between porosity and velocity,causing different amplitude versus offset(AVO)characters.Then the authors proposed a new model assuming that the carbonates form the matrix and the hydrate fill the pore as a part of the matrix.The key modeling parameters have been optimized constrained by Pvelocities and S-velocities simultaneously,and the model works well both for carbonate rock and gas hydrate bearing sediments.For quantitative identification,the authors calculated the velocities when carbonates and hydrates form the matrix together in different proportions.Then they proposed a carbonate and hydrate identification template(CHIT),in which the possible hydrate saturation(PHS)and possible carbonate content(PCC)can be both scaled out for a group of sample composed by P-velocity and S-velocity.If PHS is far larger than PCC,it is more likely to be a hydrate sample because carbonates and hydrates do not coexist normally.The real data application shows that the template can effectively distinguish between hydrates and carbonate rocks,consequently reducing the risk of hydrate exploration.

分步法小切口改良睾丸显微取精术在隐睾下降固定术后非梗阻性无精子症的临床应用研究（英文）

目的:探讨分步法小切口改良睾丸显微取精术在隐睾下降固定术后非梗阻性无精子症的有效性。创新点:既往有隐睾下降固定术手术史的非梗阻性无精子症的患者睾丸局部粘连严重,所以睾丸显微取精术时睾丸暴露困难,因此手术难度明显增大。术者将常规睾丸显微取精术改良为分步法小切口睾丸显微取精术,术中无需完全游离暴露睾丸,仅通过小切口睾丸显微取精术就可使一半的患者成功获取精子。因此分步法小切口改良睾丸显微取精术可在不降低睾丸取精成功率的前提下缩短手术时间和减少手术创伤。方法:收集2015年5月至2017年3月于上海交通大学附属第一人民医院泌尿中心男科接受睾丸显微取精术的20例既往有隐睾下降固定术手术史的非梗阻性无精子症,采用分步法小切口改良睾丸显微取精术获取睾丸精子。分步法小切口改良睾丸显微取精术具体步骤为:第一步,小切口睾丸取精术;第二步,将小切口延长为标准切口,行标准睾丸显微取精术;第三步,对侧睾丸标准睾丸显微取精术。结论:小切口睾丸显微取精术可快速有效获取睾丸内表浅位置饱满的生精小管,标准的睾丸显微取精术可作为小切口睾丸显微取精术失败时的补救措施。分步法小切口睾丸显微取精术可降低睾丸损伤前提下,快速有效地获取睾丸精子。这种手术方式特别适用于睾丸内存在表浅饱满生精小管的非梗阻性无精子症,如隐睾下降固定术后的非梗阻性无精子症。

Investigation of an enteritis outbreak caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Aberdeen in China

Salmonella Aberdeen is a ubiquitous pathogen that can cause severe gastroenteritis and plays an important role in food-borne illness and international food-trade dispute.[1]However,the molecular biological characteristics of this organism have been rarely studied.This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and aimed to assess the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of a food-borne outbreak caused by Salmonella Aberdeen.Furthermore,the molecular biological characteristics of the outbreak isolates were detected and analyzed.From June 10 to 12,2018,an enteritis outbreak affected 75 employees in the Fushan district of Yantai,Shandong province,China,including 33 males and 42 females.The mean age of the patients was 34.2±5.3 years.

A nonobstructive azoospermic patient with Trichomonas vaginalis infection in testes

Dear Editor, Trichomonas vaginalis （ T. vaginalis）, a flagellated protozoan parasite emerged as one of the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infections worldwide, often inhabits the vagina, urethra, prostate, and epididymis.X It has been estimated that there are more than 170 million new cases of T. vaginalis infections per year worldwide. However, current knowledge of T. vaginalis and trichomoniasis is based mainly on studies in female vaginal infections. The prevalence of trichomoniasis in males is far less well characterized than that in females, probably because the infection seems to be asymptomatic in most men and can be resolved after treatment with one dose of metronidazole.