Increased Risk of Neonatal Pneumonia in Pregnant Women with Atypical Pre-Labor Rupture of Membrane Assessed at Pregnancy Week 39

Purpose: Neonatal pneumonia is a major newborn disease with a high morbidity rate. We aimed to evaluate whether atypical prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) is a high-risk factor for causing neonatal pneumonia in a prospective real-world study. Patients and Methods: A total of 250 pregnant women at pregnancy week 39 were non-selectively recruited. All were examined by PROM and neonatal pneumonia related clinical, bedside and lab tests, including body temperature, blood pressure, increased vagina discharge, posterior vault pooling, abdominal tenderness, WBC count, nitrazine test, amniotic fluid index, Leakection (a sICAM-1 based lateral flow immunoassay) and vagina streptococcus examinations. Increased vagina discharge with a Leakection positivity was adopted as a working criterium for identifying atypical PROM. Neonatal pneumonia was diagnosed based on the clinical presentation and lab tests. Results: Twenty cases of neonatal pneumonia (8.0%) were diagnosed after the deliveries of the 250 pregnant women. In these neonatal pneumonia cases, 12 (16.7%) occurred in 72 deliveries with atypical PROM, 2 (16.7%) in 12 deliveries with typical PROM, and 6 (3.6%) in 166 deliveries with non-PROM. Conclusion: In this real-world study, we find that a systematic screening at pregnancy week 39 was very meaningful in revealing atypical PROM. Moreover, atypical PROM is a major risk factor for neonatal pneumonia. Therefore, an early diagnosis and intervention on atypical PROM could potentially reduce the occurrence of neonatal pneumonia.

基于深度学习算法的胃炎组织病理学诊断系统

目的开发一种用于慢性胃炎病理分类的深度学习算法,并使用全切片病理图像(whole slide images,WSI)评估其性能。方法回顾性收集解放军总医院胃活检标本1,250例(胃炎1,128例,正常胃黏膜122例)。分别使用1,008张和100张WSIs,基于DeepLab v3(ResNet-50)架构训练和验证深度学习算法,并在142张WSIs的独立测试集上测试该算法对不同胃炎亚型的诊断效能。结果模型为测试集中的慢性浅表性胃炎(chronic superficial gastritis,CSuG)、慢性活动性胃炎(chronic active gastritis,CAcG)和慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAtG)作出诊断所生成的受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线的曲线下面积分别为0.882、0.905和0.910。深度学习算法对CSuG、CAcG和CAtG分类的敏感性和特异性分别为0.790和1.000(准确度0.880)、0.985和0.829(准确度0.901)、0.952和0.992(准确度0.986)。对三种不同类型胃炎诊断的总体准确度为0.867。通过在WSI中标记算法识别的可疑区域,可以生成更为透明和可解释的诊断结果。结论深度学习算法使用WSI对慢性胃炎进行病理学分型具有较高的准确性。通过预先标记出不同类型胃炎的区域,深度学习算法可以作为辅助诊断工具,提高病理医生的工作效率。

Examining perception of job satisfaction and intention to leave among ICU nurses in China

Objectives:Previous studies in China's Mainland found ICU nurses to be less satisfied with their jobs and more inclined to leave them than are nurses in other hospital units.We aimed to determine ICU nurses'perspectives on the factors that influence job satisfaction and whether or not to continue working in the ICU.Methods:Nine ICU nurses were asked five open-ended questions to elicit the nurses'perspectives on job satisfaction and intentions to leave.Data were analyzed according to the process described by Knafl and Webster(1988).Core concepts were identified using the constant comparative method.Results:Two themes emerged as major influences on job dissatisfaction:1)stress experienced from excessive workload demands and the ICU work environment,and 2)a lack of respect and recognition for the nurses'work.Two themes emerged as major influences on job satisfaction:1)recognition of work,and 2)professional opportunities and relationships with coworkers.The effects of job satisfaction or dissatisfaction on the nurses'intentions to leave their jobs varied,although three categories were identified.Conclusions:For ICU nurses in China,sources of job dissatisfaction are potentially remedied with simple interventions.Adequate staffing is necessary but not sufficient for a positive work environment.Administrators should address the factors that directly affect their nurses'levels of job satisfaction,as it will ultimately result in less staff turnover and greater patient care.

Large-Scale Distributed Photovoltaic Power Dispatching and Operation Management Review

Distributed photovoltaic power (PV) is the main development model of distributed generation. It is necessary to research on dispatching and operation management with large-scale distributed PV connected. This paper analyzes development status, technical requirement and dispatching and operation management situation of distributed PV in Germany and China. Then introduce the preparation of distributed PV dispatching and operation management criterion. Through summarizing the experiences and lessons of large-scale distributed PV development in Germany, it gives advice to the development of distributed PV dispatching and operation management in China.

SSR Primer Screening for Marchantia convoluta by SAM Method

[Objectives] This study was conducted to study SSR primers in wild Marchantia convoluta by SAM method. [Methods] The M. convoluta genomic DNA was extracted by improved CTAB method,and the SSR primers for M. convoluta were selected through digestion,ligation,suppression PCR,pre-amplification,SAM method and PCR. [Results] The improved CTAB method extracted a high purity of DNA; the SAM PCR method gave clear bands; and 100 positive clones were sequenced,obtaining 86 sequences. [Conclusions] The SSR molecular markers could be used for analyzing the genetic diversity of M. convoluta.

Inhibitory Effect of Bergenin on TLR-4/NF-κB Signal Pathway in Reducing Allergic Rhinitis in Mice

[Objectives]To explore the effect and possible mechanism of bergenin in relieving allergic rhinitis(AR)in mice.[Methods]50 C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into blank group(n=10),model group(n=10)and high(100 mg/kg),medium(50 mg/kg)and low(25 mg/kg)dose bergenin groups with 10 mice in each group.Except for the blank group,the other mice were sensitized by basic ways combined with attack to replicate the AR model.From the 15th d of modeling(from the second d after the end of the basic modeling),the drug group was given bergenin orally for 15 d,and the blank group and model group were given the same volume of normal saline once a day.24 h after the last establishment of the model,the content of interleukin 4(IL-4),IL-6,TNF-αand IL-1βin nasal lavage fluid and serum of mice in each group was detected by ELISA.The expression of TLR-4,NF-κB and p-NF-κB in nasal mucosa of mice was detected by Western blot.[Results]Compared with the blank group,the content of inflammatory factors IL-4,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-1βin nasal lavage fluid and serum of model group was significantly increased,and the protein expression of TLR-4 and p-NF-κB was significantly increased.After the intervention of bergenin,the content of IL-4,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-1βin nasal lavage fluid and serum and TLR-4 and p-NF-κB protein in tissue was significantly inhibited in bergenin group.[Conclusions]Bergenin can effectively reduce allergic inflammation in AR model mice,and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of inflammation and down-regulation of TLR-4/NF-κB signal pathway.

Sketch of Renewable Energy Production Simulation Platform

Renewable Energy Production Simulation Platform (REPS) is developed by China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI) to simulate the operation of renewable energy in the power system. REPS takes into account the characteristics of China’s electric power system, it can assess the accommodation of renewable energy power and simulate the impact of different renewable energy capacity on the operation of power system. Assessment model and calculation process of REPS V1.3 is introduced in this article, and annual consumptive capacity in one provincial power grid of China is evaluated with the platform. REPS is of great guiding significance to electrical source planning. With the sustained and rapid growth of renewable energy in China, power system will be more and more dependent on REPS.

HPLC Finger-print Study of Marchantia convoluta in Guangxi

[Objectives]To establish HPLC finger-print of Marchantia convolute Gao et Chang,and to control the quality of medicinal materials. [Methods] Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 chromatographic column( 4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5μm) was adopted,acetonitrile( B)-0. 1% phosphoric solution( D) was used as the mobile phase( gradient elution),and the detection was conducted at the wavelength of 230 nm and at the column temperature of 25℃. HPLC finger-print of herb materials in the upland-field was established,and 8 lots of medicinal materials were used for the similarity assessment to establish the finger-print. [Results] Theprecision,repeatability and stability RSD of HPLC finger-prints of the 8 lots of Marchantia convoluta Gao et Chang were all less than 3%,and their similarities were all greater than 0. 75; 6 common peaks were observed,and the control finger-print was also established. [Conclusions] With reliable data and simple and efficient manipulations,HPLC finger-print analysis can provide references for the quality assessment of Marchantia convoluta Gao et Chang.

Experimental demonstration of a flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch using silicon microring resonators and counter-tapered couplers

A flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch which comprises counter-tapered couplers and silicon microring resonators has been proposed,optimized,and demonstrated experimentally in this work.By carefully thermally tuning phase shifters and silicon microring resonators,mode and wavelength signals can be independently and flexibly conveyed to any one of the output ports,and different bandwidths can be generated as desired.The particle swarm optimization algorithm and finite difference time-domain method are employed to optimize structural parameters of the twomode(de)multiplexer and crossing waveguide.The bandwidth-tunable wavelength-selective optical router composed of12 microring resonators is studied by taking advantage of the transfer matrix method.Measurement results show that,for the fabricated module,cross talk less than-10.18 dB,an extinction ratio larger than 17.41 d B,an in-band ripple lower than0.79 dB,and a 3-dB bandwidth changing from 0.38 to 1.05 nm are obtained,as the wavelength-channel spacing is 0.40 nm.The corresponding response time is measured to be 13.64μs.

Layout graph model for semantic façade reconstruction using laser point clouds

Building façades can feature different patterns depending on the architectural style,function-ality,and size of the buildings;therefore,reconstructing these façades can be complicated.In particular,when semantic façades are reconstructed from point cloud data,uneven point density and noise make it difficult to accurately determine the façade structure.When inves-tigating façade layouts,Gestalt principles can be applied to cluster visually similar floors and façade elements,allowing for a more intuitive interpretation of façade structures.We propose a novel model for describing façade structures,namely the layout graph model,which involves a compound graph with two structure levels.In the proposed model,similar façade elements such as windows are first grouped into clusters.A down-layout graph is then formed using this cluster as a node and by combining intra-and inter-cluster spacings as the edges.Second,a top-layout graph is formed by clustering similar floors.By extracting relevant parameters from this model,we transform semantic façade reconstruction to an optimization strategy using simulated annealing coupled with Gibbs sampling.Multiple façade point cloud data with different features were selected from three datasets to verify the effectiveness of this method.The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an average accuracy of 86.35%.Owing to its flexibility,the proposed layout graph model can deal with different types of façades and qualities of point cloud data,enabling a more robust and accurate reconstruc-tion of façade models.

Genetic analysis of group composition and relatedness in white-headed langurs

We collected fecal samples of white-headed langurs from 3 of the 4 remaining habitat fragments(Fa,Fb and CZ)located in southwestern Guangxi,China in Nov 2005,and used 5 microsatellite loci and the SRY gene to assess the relatedness between 46 langurs within and between groups.We observed 2 forms of group structure:one-male/multi-female groups(OMGs)and all-male groups(AMGs).One AMG in Fa was composed of 2 generations,included a father,2 sons and 1 unrelated male,and all OMGs in all 3 habitats included 1 resident male,several adult females and offspring.Of the 21 identified father-offspring cases,the resident male fathered 20(95%)and the non-resident male sired 1(5%),suggesting that adult males had overwhelming priority of access to females as the resident male in an OMG,while the non-resident male may also have the opportunity to adopt surreptitious mating strategies.

水下各向异性人造纤毛表面实现厘米尺度的块体输运（英文）

很多自然生物组织,如猪笼草或气管纤毛,由于具有各向异性结构或者能够不对称摆动,而呈现出独特的定向输运功能.但是大多仿生材料并不能在水下对宏观物体进行输运.在这里,我们报道了一种具有各向异性的磁响应性纤毛结构,能够通过其周期性的不对称摆动,在水下驱动厘米尺度水凝胶.在进一步的实验中,我们观察到这种纤毛阵列的协同摆动能够产生液体的定向流动,从而推动凝胶片向前运动.同时,相关的模拟证实了实验结果.这种能够在水下进行定向物体输运的人造纤毛结构将在微流控、生物工程等领域中发挥重要作用.

Extraordinary toughening enhancement in nonstoichiometric vanadium carbide

1.Introduction Fracture toughness is the ability of materials against both the initiation and propagation of cracks[1],which is a crucial mechanical property for safety-critical applications of structural materials.Although the yield strength of ceramics is significantly higher than that of metallic materials,the fracture toughness is severely lower than that of metallic materials due to the strongly directional covalent bonding[1-3].For a long time,how to improve the fracture toughness of ceramics without the deterioration of strength(or hardness)has been one of the most challenging problems in materials science.