Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a chronic disabling disease with often unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes.The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-5)has broadened the di...Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a chronic disabling disease with often unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes.The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-5)has broadened the diagnostic criteria for OCD,acknowledging that some OCD patients may lack insight into their symptoms.Previous studies have demonstrated that insight can impact therapeutic efficacy and prognosis,underscoring its importance in the treatment of mental disorders,including OCD.In recent years,there has been a growing interest in understanding the influence of insight on mental disorders,leading to advancements in related research.However,to the best of our knowledge,there is dearth of comprehensive reviews on the topic of insight in OCD.In this review article,we aim to fill this gap by providing a concise overview of the concept of insight and its multifaceted role in clinical characteristics,neuroimaging mechanisms,and treatment for OCD.展开更多
Radiation therapy is an effective method to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors using highenergy X-ray or γ-ray. Radiation pneumonitis(RP) is one of the most serious complications of radiation therapy for thoracic ca...Radiation therapy is an effective method to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors using highenergy X-ray or γ-ray. Radiation pneumonitis(RP) is one of the most serious complications of radiation therapy for thoracic cancers, commonly leading to serious respiratory distress and poor prognosis. Here,we prepared curcumin-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(CMPN) for prevention and treatment of RP by pulmonary delivery. Mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(MPDA) were successfully synthesized with an emulsion-induced interface polymerization method and curcumin was loaded in MPDA via π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interaction. MPDA owned the uniform spherical morphology with numerous mesopores that disappeared after loading curcumin. More than 80% curcumin released from CMPN in 6 h and mesopores recovered. CMPN remarkably protected BEAS-2 B cells from γ-ray radiation injury by inhibiting apoptosis. RP rat models were established after a single dose of15 Gy^(60)Co γ-ray radiation was performed on the chest area. Effective therapy of RP was achieved by intratracheal administration of CMPN due to free radical scavenging and anti-oxidation ability, and reduced proinflammatory cytokines, high superoxide dismutase, decreased malondialdehyde, and alleviated lung tissue damages were observed. Inhaled CMPN paves a new avenue for the treatment of RP.展开更多
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally and metastasis always leads to treatment failure.Here,we develop a versatile hydrogel loading photothermal agents,chemotherapeutics,and immune-adjuvants to er...Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally and metastasis always leads to treatment failure.Here,we develop a versatile hydrogel loading photothermal agents,chemotherapeutics,and immune-adjuvants to eradicate orthotopic tumors and inhibit metastasis by combinational therapy.Hydrogel networks were synthesized via the thiol-Michael addition of polydopamine(PDA)with thiolated hyaluronic acid.PDA acted as a cross-linking agent and endowed the hydrogel with excellent photothermal property.Meanwhile,a chemotherapeutic agent,doxorubicin(DOX),was loaded in the hydrogel viaπ-πstacking with PDA and an immune-adjuvant,CpG-ODN,was loaded via electrostatic interaction.The release of DOX from the hydrogel was initially slow but accelerated due to near infrared light irradiation.The hydrogels showed remarkably synergistic effect against 4T1 cancer cells and stimulated plenty of cytokines secreting from RAW264.7 cells.Moreover,the hydrogels eradicated orthotopic murine breast cancer xenografts and strongly inhibited metastasis after intratumoral injection and light irradiation.The high anticancer efficiency of this chemo-photothermal immunotherapy resulted from the strong synergistic effect of the versatile hydrogels,including the evoked host immune response.The combinational strategy of chemo-photothermal immunotherapy is promising for highly effective treatment of breast cancer.展开更多
Objective:To alleviate radiation-induced lung injury and prevent the related pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis by inhaled amifostine(AMI).Methods:15 Gy 60Coγ-ray irradiation was performed on the thoracic area of rat...Objective:To alleviate radiation-induced lung injury and prevent the related pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis by inhaled amifostine(AMI).Methods:15 Gy 60Coγ-ray irradiation was performed on the thoracic area of rats once to establish the radiation injury model.AMI was intraperitoneally(i.p.)injected or intratracheally(i.t.)administered to the rats 30 min preirradiation.The protective effects of the two AMI administration manners were compared in the aspects of hematopoietic system,lung edema,and histopathological examination,and the mechanisms were explored.Results:Compared to i.p.AMI,i.t.AMI remarkably alleviated radiation-induced lung injury and prevented consequent pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis.Specifically,i.t.AMI notably protected white blood cells and platelets,reduced the lung wet/dry weight ratio,and decreased collagen volume fractions compared to the model group(P<0.05),while i.p.AMI showed no significant difference with the model group(P>0.05).The high therapeutic efficiency of i.t.AMI was related to its high antioxidation and anti-inflammation effects with downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines,the enhanced superoxide dismutase activity,the low levels of malondialdehyde and total proteins.Conclusion:Inhaled AMI is a promising medicine for preventing radiation-induced lung injury,including pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis.展开更多
In this study,we examined the point prevalence rate of atypical features in bipolar disorder,and estimated the potential impact of these features on treatment practices in China. Using the atypical features criteria o...In this study,we examined the point prevalence rate of atypical features in bipolar disorder,and estimated the potential impact of these features on treatment practices in China. Using the atypical features criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association（DSM-IV）,we documented the atypical symptoms in 3 906 consecutive participants with bipolar disorder enrolled at 26 psychiatric services across China. We further assessed the association between atypical features and the treatment approaches,including the prescription of antidepressants. The overall point prevalence rate of atypical features was 9.1% among patients with various bipolar disorder subtypes. When the definition was broadened to include atypical features B,the overall rate increased to 11.8%. Interestingly,among patients with the mixed state and remission subtypes,there was a significant difference in the rates of antidepressant medication usage between patients who met and those who did not meet the criteria for atypical features B. These fi ndings indicate a trend of using antidepressants for these two types of patients with atypical features. Further,for both mixed state and remission patients,treatment approaches were related to atypicalfeatures B. Our findings provide evidence to assist clinicians to readily recognize atypical features in bipolar subtypes and can propose treatments based on these diagnoses.展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFF0702200)National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101323)+3 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant (LGF19H090015)Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province (2021C03001)Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission (2022KY993)Key Project for Hangzhou Medical Disciplines,and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2019XZZX003-20).
文摘Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a chronic disabling disease with often unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes.The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-5)has broadened the diagnostic criteria for OCD,acknowledging that some OCD patients may lack insight into their symptoms.Previous studies have demonstrated that insight can impact therapeutic efficacy and prognosis,underscoring its importance in the treatment of mental disorders,including OCD.In recent years,there has been a growing interest in understanding the influence of insight on mental disorders,leading to advancements in related research.However,to the best of our knowledge,there is dearth of comprehensive reviews on the topic of insight in OCD.In this review article,we aim to fill this gap by providing a concise overview of the concept of insight and its multifaceted role in clinical characteristics,neuroimaging mechanisms,and treatment for OCD.
基金partially supported by the National Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing Program,Ministry of Science and Technology (CN)(No.2018ZX09J18104-001)。
文摘Radiation therapy is an effective method to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors using highenergy X-ray or γ-ray. Radiation pneumonitis(RP) is one of the most serious complications of radiation therapy for thoracic cancers, commonly leading to serious respiratory distress and poor prognosis. Here,we prepared curcumin-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(CMPN) for prevention and treatment of RP by pulmonary delivery. Mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(MPDA) were successfully synthesized with an emulsion-induced interface polymerization method and curcumin was loaded in MPDA via π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interaction. MPDA owned the uniform spherical morphology with numerous mesopores that disappeared after loading curcumin. More than 80% curcumin released from CMPN in 6 h and mesopores recovered. CMPN remarkably protected BEAS-2 B cells from γ-ray radiation injury by inhibiting apoptosis. RP rat models were established after a single dose of15 Gy^(60)Co γ-ray radiation was performed on the chest area. Effective therapy of RP was achieved by intratracheal administration of CMPN due to free radical scavenging and anti-oxidation ability, and reduced proinflammatory cytokines, high superoxide dismutase, decreased malondialdehyde, and alleviated lung tissue damages were observed. Inhaled CMPN paves a new avenue for the treatment of RP.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073791)。
文摘Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally and metastasis always leads to treatment failure.Here,we develop a versatile hydrogel loading photothermal agents,chemotherapeutics,and immune-adjuvants to eradicate orthotopic tumors and inhibit metastasis by combinational therapy.Hydrogel networks were synthesized via the thiol-Michael addition of polydopamine(PDA)with thiolated hyaluronic acid.PDA acted as a cross-linking agent and endowed the hydrogel with excellent photothermal property.Meanwhile,a chemotherapeutic agent,doxorubicin(DOX),was loaded in the hydrogel viaπ-πstacking with PDA and an immune-adjuvant,CpG-ODN,was loaded via electrostatic interaction.The release of DOX from the hydrogel was initially slow but accelerated due to near infrared light irradiation.The hydrogels showed remarkably synergistic effect against 4T1 cancer cells and stimulated plenty of cytokines secreting from RAW264.7 cells.Moreover,the hydrogels eradicated orthotopic murine breast cancer xenografts and strongly inhibited metastasis after intratumoral injection and light irradiation.The high anticancer efficiency of this chemo-photothermal immunotherapy resulted from the strong synergistic effect of the versatile hydrogels,including the evoked host immune response.The combinational strategy of chemo-photothermal immunotherapy is promising for highly effective treatment of breast cancer.
文摘Objective:To alleviate radiation-induced lung injury and prevent the related pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis by inhaled amifostine(AMI).Methods:15 Gy 60Coγ-ray irradiation was performed on the thoracic area of rats once to establish the radiation injury model.AMI was intraperitoneally(i.p.)injected or intratracheally(i.t.)administered to the rats 30 min preirradiation.The protective effects of the two AMI administration manners were compared in the aspects of hematopoietic system,lung edema,and histopathological examination,and the mechanisms were explored.Results:Compared to i.p.AMI,i.t.AMI remarkably alleviated radiation-induced lung injury and prevented consequent pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis.Specifically,i.t.AMI notably protected white blood cells and platelets,reduced the lung wet/dry weight ratio,and decreased collagen volume fractions compared to the model group(P<0.05),while i.p.AMI showed no significant difference with the model group(P>0.05).The high therapeutic efficiency of i.t.AMI was related to its high antioxidation and anti-inflammation effects with downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines,the enhanced superoxide dismutase activity,the low levels of malondialdehyde and total proteins.Conclusion:Inhaled AMI is a promising medicine for preventing radiation-induced lung injury,including pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis.
基金supported by the Science Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (11XJ21006 and YG2012MS11)the Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China (134119a6200)+3 种基金the Overseas Talent Project of the Shanghai Health Bureau,China (GWHW201208)the "12th Five-year Plan" of the National Key Technologies R&D Program,China (2012BAI01B04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91232719)the National Key Clinical Disciplines at the Shanghai Mental Health Center,China (OMA-MH,2011-873)
文摘In this study,we examined the point prevalence rate of atypical features in bipolar disorder,and estimated the potential impact of these features on treatment practices in China. Using the atypical features criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association（DSM-IV）,we documented the atypical symptoms in 3 906 consecutive participants with bipolar disorder enrolled at 26 psychiatric services across China. We further assessed the association between atypical features and the treatment approaches,including the prescription of antidepressants. The overall point prevalence rate of atypical features was 9.1% among patients with various bipolar disorder subtypes. When the definition was broadened to include atypical features B,the overall rate increased to 11.8%. Interestingly,among patients with the mixed state and remission subtypes,there was a significant difference in the rates of antidepressant medication usage between patients who met and those who did not meet the criteria for atypical features B. These fi ndings indicate a trend of using antidepressants for these two types of patients with atypical features. Further,for both mixed state and remission patients,treatment approaches were related to atypicalfeatures B. Our findings provide evidence to assist clinicians to readily recognize atypical features in bipolar subtypes and can propose treatments based on these diagnoses.
