A failure criterion fully considering the anisotropy and hydration of shale is essential for shale formation stability evaluation.Thus,a novel failure criterion for hydration shale is developed by using Jaeger’s shea...A failure criterion fully considering the anisotropy and hydration of shale is essential for shale formation stability evaluation.Thus,a novel failure criterion for hydration shale is developed by using Jaeger’s shear failure criterion to describe the anisotropy and using the shear strength reduction caused by clay minerals hydration to evaluate the hydration.This failure criterion is defined with four parameters in Jaeger’s shear failure criterion(S_(1),S_(2),a andφ),three hydration parameters(k,ω_(sh)andσ_(s))and two material size parameters(d and l0).The physical meanings and determining procedures of these parameters are described.The accuracy and applicability of this failure criterion are examined using the published experimental data,showing a cohesive agreement between the predicted values and the testing results,R^(2)=0.916 and AAREP(average absolute relative error percentage)of 9.260%.The error(|D_(p)|)is then discussed considering the effects ofβ(angle between bedding plane versus axial loading),moisture content and confining pressure,presenting that|Dp|increases whenβis closer to 30°,and|D_(p)|decreases with decreasing moisture content and with increasing confining pressure.Moreover,|D_(p)|is demonstrated as being sensitive to S1and being steady with decrease in the data set whenβis 0°,30°,45°and 90°.展开更多
Dear Editor, The main components of multi-view geometry and computer vision are robust pose estimation and feature matching. This letter discusses how to recover two-view geometry and match features between a pair of ...Dear Editor, The main components of multi-view geometry and computer vision are robust pose estimation and feature matching. This letter discusses how to recover two-view geometry and match features between a pair of images, and presents MCNet(a multiscale clustering network) as an algorithm for extracting multiscale features. It can identify the true inliers from the established putative correspondences, where outliers may degenerate the geometry estimation. In particular, the proposed MCNet is based on graph clustering.展开更多
For the influence caused by multipath fading and non-line-of-sight(NLOS)transmission,it is challenging to accurately localize a moving signal source in complex environment by using the wireless sensor network(WSN)on t...For the influence caused by multipath fading and non-line-of-sight(NLOS)transmission,it is challenging to accurately localize a moving signal source in complex environment by using the wireless sensor network(WSN)on the ground.In this paper,we establish a special WSN in the sky to address this challenge,where each sensor is loaded on an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and the operation center of all the UAVs is fixed on the ground.Based on the analyzing of the optimal distribution and the position error calibration of all the sensors,we formulate the localization scheme to estimate the position of the target source,which combines the time difference of arrival(TDOA)method and the frequency difference of arrival(FDOA)method.Then by employing the semidefinite programming approach,we accurately obtain the position and velocity of the signal source.In the simulation,the validity of the proposed method is verified through the performance comparison.展开更多
Background:Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma(MM),leading to unprecedented response and survival rates among patients,the majority eventually relapse,and a cure remains e...Background:Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma(MM),leading to unprecedented response and survival rates among patients,the majority eventually relapse,and a cure remains elusive.This situation is closely related to an incomplete understanding of the immune microenvironment,especially monocytes/macrophages in patients with treatment-naïve MM.The aim of this study was to provide insight into the immune microenvironment,especially monocytes/macrophages,in patients with treatment-naïve MM.Methods:This study used the single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data of both patients with MM and heathy donors to identify immune cells,including natural killer(NK)cells,T cells,dendritic cells(DCs),and monocytes/macrophages.Transcriptomic data and flow cytometry analysis of monocytes/macrophages were used to further examine the effect of monocytes/macrophages in treatment-naïve MM patients.Results:A significant difference was observed between the bone marrow(BM)immune cells of the healthy controls and treatment-naïve MM patients through scRNA-seq.It is noteworthy that,through an scRNA-seq data analysis,this study found that interferon(IFN)-induced NK/T cells,terminally differentiated effector memory(TEMRA)cells,T-helper cells characterized by expression of IFN-stimulated genes(ISG^(+)Th cells),IFN-responding exhausted T cells,mannose receptor C-type 1(MRC1)^(+)DCs,IFN-responding DCs,MHCII^(+)DCs,and immunosuppressive monocytes/macrophages were enriched in patients with treatment-naïve MM.Significantly,transcriptomic data of monocytes/macrophages demonstrated that"don’t eat me"-related genes and IFN-induced genes increase in treatment-naïve MM patients.Furthermore,scRNA-seq,transcriptomic data,and flow cytometry also showed an increased proportion of CD16^(+)monocytes/macrophages and expression level of CD16.Cell-cell communication analysis indicated that monocytes/macrophages,whose related important signaling pathways include migration inhibitory factor(MIF)and interleukin 16(IL-16)signaling pathway,are key players in treatment-naïve MM patients.Conclusions:Our findings provide a comprehensive and in-depth molecular characterization of BM immune cell census in MM patients,especially for monocytes/macrophages.Targeting macrophages may be a novel treatment strategy for patients with MM.展开更多
Additive manufacturing(AM)has the advantages of rapid prototyping,high design freedom,and flexible manufacturing,while the mechanical properties of additively manufactured products are not uniform due to inherent defe...Additive manufacturing(AM)has the advantages of rapid prototyping,high design freedom,and flexible manufacturing,while the mechanical properties of additively manufactured products are not uniform due to inherent defects and residual stresses.Integration of interlayer surface enhancement(SE)technologies into AM is a potential solution to improve the microstructure,close defects,residual stress state,mechanical properties,and chemical properties of formed materials.This paper reviews the current literature on hybrid AM process through the combination of SE and AM,and proves the possibility of integrating SE technologies into AM from the technical level.Then the improvement effects of SE processes on AM parts are introduced in terms of microstructure,defects,residual stress,mechanical properties,and chemical properties.Finally,considering the commonly used directed energy deposition(DED)process and ultrasonic impact treatment(UIT),a closed-loop quality control framework for integration of interlayer UIT into the DED process is proposed.Future research directions to the hybrid AM and interlayer SE are pointed out.展开更多
Dear Editor, mTORCI, as a center regulatory hub of metabolism, senses the cellular energy status, nutrition and extracellular stimuli and regulates cell growth, differentiation and functions of immune cells (Powell et...Dear Editor, mTORCI, as a center regulatory hub of metabolism, senses the cellular energy status, nutrition and extracellular stimuli and regulates cell growth, differentiation and functions of immune cells (Powell et al., 2012). Lysosomal localization of key signal comp orients is critical for mTORCI activati on: mTORCI activation requires co-localization of activated Rheb and mTORCI to the lysosome membrane (Buerger et al., 2006). Signals in eluding growth factors, cellular stresses and energy levels act on the disruption the formation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) complex, comprised of TSC1, TSC2 and TBC1D7, which leads to the translocation and activation of Rheb on the lysosome membrane (Dibble et al., 2012). In response to nutrient levels, specifically the availability of amino acids and glucose (Efeyan et al., 2013), mTORCI is recruited to the lysosomal surface by Rag GTPases that are heterodimers of RagA or RagC bound to RagB or RagD. Multiple protein complexes have been implicated in regulation of mTORCI upon nutrient sensing including Ragulator, GATOR1, GATOR2, KICSTOR and vacuolar ATPases (Wolfson et al., 2017). Vacuolar ATPases are large multiple-protein complexes that acidify the lysosome and may mediate additional functions independent of their proton pump activity (Nishi and Forgac, 2002).展开更多
Purpose–Heavy fog results in low visibility,which increases the probability and severity of traffic crashes,and fog warning system is conducive to the reduction of crashes by conveying warning messages to drivers.This...Purpose–Heavy fog results in low visibility,which increases the probability and severity of traffic crashes,and fog warning system is conducive to the reduction of crashes by conveying warning messages to drivers.This paper aims at exploring the effects of dynamic message sign(DMS)of fog warning system on driver performance.Design/methodology/approach–First,a testing platform was established based on driving simulator and driver performance data under DMS were collected.The experiment route was consisted of three different zones(i.e.warning zone,transition zone and heavy fog zone),and mean speed,mean acceleration,mean jerk in the whole zone,ending speed in the warning zone and transition zone,maximum deceleration rate and mean speed reduction proportion in the transition zone and heavy fog zone were selected.Next,the one-way analysis of variance was applied to test the significant difference between the metrics.Besides,drivers’subjective perception was also considered.Findings–The results indicated that DMS is beneficial to reduce speed before drivers enter the heavy fog zone.Besides,when drivers enter a heavy fog zone,DMS can reduce the tension of drivers and make drivers operate more smoothly.Originality/value–This paper provides a comprehensive approach for evaluating the effectiveness of the warning system in adverse conditions based on the driving simulation test platform.The method can be extended to the evaluation of vehicle-to-infrastructure technology in other special scenarios.展开更多
基金The financial supports from the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022NSFSC0185)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42172313 and 51774246)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0570)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2020CDJ-LHZZ-004,2020CDJQY-A046)the State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control(No.2011DA105287-MS201903)The scholarship supports provided by the China Scholarship Council(CSC)。
文摘A failure criterion fully considering the anisotropy and hydration of shale is essential for shale formation stability evaluation.Thus,a novel failure criterion for hydration shale is developed by using Jaeger’s shear failure criterion to describe the anisotropy and using the shear strength reduction caused by clay minerals hydration to evaluate the hydration.This failure criterion is defined with four parameters in Jaeger’s shear failure criterion(S_(1),S_(2),a andφ),three hydration parameters(k,ω_(sh)andσ_(s))and two material size parameters(d and l0).The physical meanings and determining procedures of these parameters are described.The accuracy and applicability of this failure criterion are examined using the published experimental data,showing a cohesive agreement between the predicted values and the testing results,R^(2)=0.916 and AAREP(average absolute relative error percentage)of 9.260%.The error(|D_(p)|)is then discussed considering the effects ofβ(angle between bedding plane versus axial loading),moisture content and confining pressure,presenting that|Dp|increases whenβis closer to 30°,and|D_(p)|decreases with decreasing moisture content and with increasing confining pressure.Moreover,|D_(p)|is demonstrated as being sensitive to S1and being steady with decrease in the data set whenβis 0°,30°,45°and 90°.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61703260,62173252)。
文摘Dear Editor, The main components of multi-view geometry and computer vision are robust pose estimation and feature matching. This letter discusses how to recover two-view geometry and match features between a pair of images, and presents MCNet(a multiscale clustering network) as an algorithm for extracting multiscale features. It can identify the true inliers from the established putative correspondences, where outliers may degenerate the geometry estimation. In particular, the proposed MCNet is based on graph clustering.
基金supported by The Science and Technology Innovation Team Plan of Shaanxi Province (2017-KCT-30-02)The Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2018GY-150)+1 种基金The Foundation Research Project of Shaanxi Province (The Natural Science Fund. 2018JQ6093)The Science and Technology Plan Project of Xi’an City (201805040YD18CG24-3)
文摘For the influence caused by multipath fading and non-line-of-sight(NLOS)transmission,it is challenging to accurately localize a moving signal source in complex environment by using the wireless sensor network(WSN)on the ground.In this paper,we establish a special WSN in the sky to address this challenge,where each sensor is loaded on an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and the operation center of all the UAVs is fixed on the ground.Based on the analyzing of the optimal distribution and the position error calibration of all the sensors,we formulate the localization scheme to estimate the position of the target source,which combines the time difference of arrival(TDOA)method and the frequency difference of arrival(FDOA)method.Then by employing the semidefinite programming approach,we accurately obtain the position and velocity of the signal source.In the simulation,the validity of the proposed method is verified through the performance comparison.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81900108)Henan Province Young and Middle-aged Health Science and Technology Innovation Outstanding Young Talent Training Project(No.YXKC2022049)Henan Medical Science and Technology Research Program(No.SBGJ202002024)
文摘Background:Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma(MM),leading to unprecedented response and survival rates among patients,the majority eventually relapse,and a cure remains elusive.This situation is closely related to an incomplete understanding of the immune microenvironment,especially monocytes/macrophages in patients with treatment-naïve MM.The aim of this study was to provide insight into the immune microenvironment,especially monocytes/macrophages,in patients with treatment-naïve MM.Methods:This study used the single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data of both patients with MM and heathy donors to identify immune cells,including natural killer(NK)cells,T cells,dendritic cells(DCs),and monocytes/macrophages.Transcriptomic data and flow cytometry analysis of monocytes/macrophages were used to further examine the effect of monocytes/macrophages in treatment-naïve MM patients.Results:A significant difference was observed between the bone marrow(BM)immune cells of the healthy controls and treatment-naïve MM patients through scRNA-seq.It is noteworthy that,through an scRNA-seq data analysis,this study found that interferon(IFN)-induced NK/T cells,terminally differentiated effector memory(TEMRA)cells,T-helper cells characterized by expression of IFN-stimulated genes(ISG^(+)Th cells),IFN-responding exhausted T cells,mannose receptor C-type 1(MRC1)^(+)DCs,IFN-responding DCs,MHCII^(+)DCs,and immunosuppressive monocytes/macrophages were enriched in patients with treatment-naïve MM.Significantly,transcriptomic data of monocytes/macrophages demonstrated that"don’t eat me"-related genes and IFN-induced genes increase in treatment-naïve MM patients.Furthermore,scRNA-seq,transcriptomic data,and flow cytometry also showed an increased proportion of CD16^(+)monocytes/macrophages and expression level of CD16.Cell-cell communication analysis indicated that monocytes/macrophages,whose related important signaling pathways include migration inhibitory factor(MIF)and interleukin 16(IL-16)signaling pathway,are key players in treatment-naïve MM patients.Conclusions:Our findings provide a comprehensive and in-depth molecular characterization of BM immune cell census in MM patients,especially for monocytes/macrophages.Targeting macrophages may be a novel treatment strategy for patients with MM.
基金the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2022YFB4600019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51805085).
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)has the advantages of rapid prototyping,high design freedom,and flexible manufacturing,while the mechanical properties of additively manufactured products are not uniform due to inherent defects and residual stresses.Integration of interlayer surface enhancement(SE)technologies into AM is a potential solution to improve the microstructure,close defects,residual stress state,mechanical properties,and chemical properties of formed materials.This paper reviews the current literature on hybrid AM process through the combination of SE and AM,and proves the possibility of integrating SE technologies into AM from the technical level.Then the improvement effects of SE processes on AM parts are introduced in terms of microstructure,defects,residual stress,mechanical properties,and chemical properties.Finally,considering the commonly used directed energy deposition(DED)process and ultrasonic impact treatment(UIT),a closed-loop quality control framework for integration of interlayer UIT into the DED process is proposed.Future research directions to the hybrid AM and interlayer SE are pointed out.
文摘Dear Editor, mTORCI, as a center regulatory hub of metabolism, senses the cellular energy status, nutrition and extracellular stimuli and regulates cell growth, differentiation and functions of immune cells (Powell et al., 2012). Lysosomal localization of key signal comp orients is critical for mTORCI activati on: mTORCI activation requires co-localization of activated Rheb and mTORCI to the lysosome membrane (Buerger et al., 2006). Signals in eluding growth factors, cellular stresses and energy levels act on the disruption the formation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) complex, comprised of TSC1, TSC2 and TBC1D7, which leads to the translocation and activation of Rheb on the lysosome membrane (Dibble et al., 2012). In response to nutrient levels, specifically the availability of amino acids and glucose (Efeyan et al., 2013), mTORCI is recruited to the lysosomal surface by Rag GTPases that are heterodimers of RagA or RagC bound to RagB or RagD. Multiple protein complexes have been implicated in regulation of mTORCI upon nutrient sensing including Ragulator, GATOR1, GATOR2, KICSTOR and vacuolar ATPases (Wolfson et al., 2017). Vacuolar ATPases are large multiple-protein complexes that acidify the lysosome and may mediate additional functions independent of their proton pump activity (Nishi and Forgac, 2002).
文摘Purpose–Heavy fog results in low visibility,which increases the probability and severity of traffic crashes,and fog warning system is conducive to the reduction of crashes by conveying warning messages to drivers.This paper aims at exploring the effects of dynamic message sign(DMS)of fog warning system on driver performance.Design/methodology/approach–First,a testing platform was established based on driving simulator and driver performance data under DMS were collected.The experiment route was consisted of three different zones(i.e.warning zone,transition zone and heavy fog zone),and mean speed,mean acceleration,mean jerk in the whole zone,ending speed in the warning zone and transition zone,maximum deceleration rate and mean speed reduction proportion in the transition zone and heavy fog zone were selected.Next,the one-way analysis of variance was applied to test the significant difference between the metrics.Besides,drivers’subjective perception was also considered.Findings–The results indicated that DMS is beneficial to reduce speed before drivers enter the heavy fog zone.Besides,when drivers enter a heavy fog zone,DMS can reduce the tension of drivers and make drivers operate more smoothly.Originality/value–This paper provides a comprehensive approach for evaluating the effectiveness of the warning system in adverse conditions based on the driving simulation test platform.The method can be extended to the evaluation of vehicle-to-infrastructure technology in other special scenarios.
