Development of sustainable and efficient recycling technology for spent Li-ion batteries: Traditional and transformation go hand in hand

Clean and efficient recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has become an urgent need to promote sustainable and rapid development of human society.Therefore,we provide a critical and comprehensive overview of the various technologies for recycling spent LIBs,starting with lithium-ion power batteries.Recent research on raw material collection,metallurgical recovery,separation and purification is highlighted,particularly in terms of all aspects of economic efficiency,energy consumption,technology transformation and policy management.Mechanisms and pathways for transformative full-component recovery of spent LIBs are explored,revealing a clean and efficient closed-loop recovery mechanism.Optimization methods are proposed for future recycling technologies,with a focus on how future research directions can be industrialized.Ultimately,based on life-cycle assessment,the challenges of future recycling are revealed from the LIBs supply chain and stability of the supply chain of the new energy battery industry to provide an outlook on clean and efficient short process recycling technologies.This work is designed to support the sustainable development of the new energy power industry,to help meet the needs of global decarbonization strategies and to respond to the major needs of industrialized recycling.

A Study on the Correlation Between LIWC Word Categories and Chinese Composition Writing Performance of Fourth,Fifth,and Sixth Grade Students

This study focuses on the analysis of the Chinese composition writing performance of fourth,fifth,and sixth grade students in 16 selected schools in Longhua District,Shenzhen during the spring semester of 2023.Using LIWC(Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count)as a text analysis tool,the study explores the impact of LIWC categories on writing performance which is scaled by score.The results show that the simple LIWC word categories have a significant positive influence on the composition scores of lower-grade students;while complex LIWC word categories have a significant negative influence on the composition scores of lower-grade students but a significant positive influence on the composition scores of higher-grade students.Process word categories have a positive influence on the composition scores of all three grades,but the impact of complex process word categories increases as the grade level rises.

In-situ assembly of TiO2 with high exposure of(001)facets on three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel for lithium-sulfur battery

Resulting from the development of electric vehicles,high energy-density Li-S batteries have recently attracted ever-increasing attentions worldwide.However,continuous dissolution of cathodic sulfur and followed shuttle effect of polysulfides lead to very limited service lifetime for currently-applied Li-S batteries.Herein,a 3 D porous graphene aerogel(GA)decorated with high exposure of anatase TiO2(001)nanoplatelets is proposed as robust host to immobilize cathodic sulfur.Compared with commonly used TiO2(101)nanoparticles,the Ti O2(001)nanoplatelets have highly matched lattices with graphene(002)nanosheets,thus facilitating the electronic transfer.The in-site assembled TiO2@GA host exhibits superior sulfur-immobilized capability,which cannot only entrap sulfur by physical confinement,but also capture dissoluble sulfurous species by chemical bonding.The fabricated S@TiO2@GA cathode shows excellent electrochemical performance with high discharge capacity,superior rate capability,and durable cycling stability as well,supposed to be a promising cathode for high-performance Li-S battery applications.

Melon short internode(CmSi)encodes an ERECTA-like receptor kinase regulating stem elongation through auxin signaling

Plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits that directly determines plant architecture,and compact or dwarf plants can allow for increased planting density and land utilization as well as increased lodging resistance and economic yield.At least four dwarf/semidwarf genes have been identified in different melon varieties,but none of them have been cloned,and little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying internode elongation in melon.Here,we report map-based cloning and functional characterization of the first semidwarf gene short internode(Cmsi)in melon,which encodes an ERECTA-like receptor kinase regulating internode elongation.Spatial-temporal expression analyses revealed that CmSI exhibited high expression in the vascular bundle of the main stem during internode elongation.The expression level of CmSI was positively correlated with stem length in the different melon varieties examined.Ectopic expression of CmSI in Arabidopsis and cucumber suggested CmSI as a positive regulator of internode elongation in both species.Phytohormone quantitation and transcriptome analysis showed that the auxin content and the expression levels of a number of genes involved in the auxin signaling pathway were altered in the semidwarf mutant,including several well-known auxin transporters,such as members of the ABCB family and PINFORMED genes.A melon polar auxin transport protein CmPIN2 was identified by protein–protein interaction assay as physically interacting with CmSI to modulate auxin signaling.Thus,CmSI functions in an auxin-dependent regulatory pathway to control internode elongation in melon.Our findings revealed that the ERECTA family gene CmSI regulates stem elongation in melon through auxin signaling,which can directly affect polar auxin transport.

A New Mobile Sliding Door for Rural Elderly-friendly Suspended Bathroom and Toilet in the Context of Rural Population Aging

Taking the rural left-behind elderly as the research object,this paper made an in-depth analysis of the living needs of the rural"empty-nest elderly".Combined with the current market development situation of the elderly-friendly bathroom sliding door in China,it proposed the design scheme and industrial development strategy of the suspended bathroom sliding door,to provide a certain reference for the elderly-friendly development of home decoration basic materials for elderly homes in rural areas.

Molecular cytogenetic map visualizes the heterozygotic genome and identifies translocation chromosomes in Citrus sinensis

Citrus sinensis is the most cultivated and economically valuable Citrus species in the world,whose genome has been assembled by three generation sequencings.However,chromosome recognition remains a problem due to the small size of chromosomes,and difficulty in differentiating between pseudo and real chromosomes because of a highly heterozygous genome.Here,we employ fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)with 9 chromosome painting probes,30 oligo pools,and 8 repetitive sequences to visualize 18 chromosomes.Then,we develop an approach to identify each chromosome in one cell through single experiment of oligo-FISH and Chromoycin A3(CMA)staining.By this approach,we construct a high-resolution molecular cytogenetic map containing the physical positions of CMA banding and 38 sequences of FISH including centromere regions,which enables us to visualize significant differences between homologous chromosomes.Based on the map,we locate several highly repetitive sequences on chromosomes and estimate sizes and copy numbers of each site.In particular,we discover the translocation regions of chromosomes 4 and 9 in C.sinensis“Valencia.”The high-resolution molecular cytogenetic map will help improve understanding of sweet orange genome assembly and also provide a fundamental reference for investigating chromosome evolution and chromosome engineering for genetic improvement in Citrus.

A Novel Feature Selection Strategy Based on Salp Swarm Algorithm for Plant Disease Detection

Deep learning has been widely used for plant disease recognition in smart agriculture and has proven to be a powerful tool for image classification and pattern recognition.However,it has limited interpretability for deep features.With the transfer of expert knowledge,handcrafted features provide a new way for personalized diagnosis of plant diseases.However,irrelevant and redundant features lead to high dimensionality.In this study,we proposed a swarm intelligence algorithm for feature selection[salp swarm algorithm for feature selection(SSAFS)]in image-based plant disease detection.SSAFS is employed to determine the ideal combination of handcrafted features to maximize classification success while minimizing the number of features.To verify the effectiveness of the developed SSAFS algorithm,we conducted experimental studies using SSAFS and 5 metaheuristic algorithms.Several evaluation metrics were used to evaluate and analyze the performance of these methods on 4 datasets from the UCI machine learning repository and 6 plant phenomics datasets from PlantVillage.Experimental results and statistical analyses validated the outstanding performance of SSAFS compared to existing state-of-the-art algorithms,confirming the superiority of SSAFS in exploring the feature space and identifying the most valuable features for diseased plant image classification.This computational tool will allow us to explore an optimal combination of handcrafted features to improve plant disease recognition accuracy and processing time.

NMD途径功能缺陷对水稻表型及转录组的影响

无义介导的m RNA降解途径(nonsense-mediated mRNA decay,NMD)是细胞内一种关键的RNA质量控制途径,能够有效的降解细胞内错误的m RNA,以保持细胞内部环境的稳定与健康。本研究通过CRISPR/Cas9及amiRNA技术获得水稻NMD途径相关基因UPF1、UPF1-like、UPF2、UPF3的敲除或敲低型突变体,结合转录组测序和表型观察,探究NMD途径缺陷对水稻基因表达及可变剪接(alternative splicing,AS)的影响。研究结果表明,NMD途径为水稻正常生长所必需,部分缺陷也会造成株高、花粉活力等表型不同程度的变化。对基因表达的分析显示,NMD途径缺陷影响的基因大多表达上调,且ko-upf1-like和kd-upf1对基因表达的影响大于kd-upf2和kd-upf3。具体而言,NMD途径缺陷在水稻中引发了防御反应相关基因表达量的上升及次生代谢相关基因表达量的下降,且在60天龄早衰突变体中影响的基因更为广泛。转录组分析显示,不同的NMD途径相关基因缺陷均改变了数百个可变剪接,这些存在差异可变剪接的基因多与可变剪接调控通路相关,约有一半在不同突变体中共享,且大量富集了NMD靶标的特征。NMD途径能够通过影响可变剪接形式,改变转录本丰度等多种形式,调控防御反应和衰老等通路基因的表达,在水稻维持正常生理功能的过程中有着重要作用。

“双碳”战略下的冶金行业资源循环利用技术前沿

资源循环利用是冶金行业保障关键金属资源安全供给、实现碳达峰、碳中和的重要途径。本工作立足“双碳”战略视角,概述了冶金行业资源循环利用总体现状与绿色低碳转型发展趋势,从物质循环科学基础、“无废冶金”变革性技术、资源循环与碳循环耦合、二次金属资源高质循环以及基于数字技术的知识产权重构等多角度,展望了冶金行业资源循环利用技术发展前沿,提出了系列观点,以期为冶金行业绿色低碳转型发展提供参考。

计算模拟研究金属有机骨架材料吸附分离C2、C3烃类气体

碳氢化合物在工业生产中发挥着重要的作用,其分离纯化过程是工业生产中重要的环节。低碳烃气体的物理化学性质十分相似,仅在分子尺寸和不饱和度等方面有微小差异,分离困难。传统的精馏等分离方式能耗高、有时效率较低。金属有机骨架材料由于其优异的性能(高比表面积、高孔隙率、结构尺寸可控)在吸附分离方面发挥了重要作用。计算模拟方法能够在微观层次上描述吸附分离过程,起到实验无法替代的作用。本文综述了计算模拟用于探索金属有机骨架吸附分离低碳烃的最新研究进展,探讨了其在金属有机骨架吸附分离低碳烃研究中存在的问题,并展望了发展前景。

Pm21 from Haynaldia villosa Encodes a CC-NBS- LRR Protein Conferring Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat

Dear Editor Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici （Bgt）, is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the world. One of the most important environmental-friendly and economical methods to reduce wheat loss caused by Bgt is to develop highly resistant varieties （Kuraparthy et al., 2007）. Pm21 from the wild species Haynaldia villosa （also known as Dasypyrum villosum） confers high resistance to Bgt in wheat throughout all growth stages. It has now become one of the most highly effective genetic loci introgressed into wheat from wild species, and the commercial varieties harboring Pm21 have been widely used in wheat production with more than 4 million hectares in China.

Recycled Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets prepared from sludges by calcium reduction-diffusion process

Environmental friendly recycling process for Nd-Fe-B sintered magnet sludges generated in the manufacturing process, which contain large amount of rare earth, including Nd, Pr and Dy, is badly needed so far. In present study, we have developed an effective route to obtain recycled sintered magnets from Nd-Fe-B sintered magnet sludges by calcium reduction-diffusion(RD) process. Compared to conventional recycling process, our research is focused on recovering most of the useful elements, including Nd, Pr, Dy, Co, and Fe together instead of just rare earth elements. To improve the recycling efficiency and reduce pollution, the co-precipitating parameters were simulated and calculated using MATLAB software. Most of useful elements were recovered by a co-precipitation method, and the obtained composite powders were then directly fabricated as recycled Nd-Fe-B powders by a calcium reduction-diffusion(RD) method. The recovery rates are 98%, 99%, 99%, 93%, and 99%, for Nd, Pr, Dy, Co, and Fe, respectively. The amount of useful elements contained in the recovered composite powders is greater than99.71 wt%. The process of RD for synthesizing NdFeB and subsequently removing CaO was thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the recycled Nd-Fe-B magnet exhibits a remanence of 1.1 T, a coercivity of1053 kA/m, and an energy product of 235.6 kJ/m~3, respectively, indicating that recycled Nd-Fe-B sintered magnet was successfully recovered from the severely contaminated sludges via an effective recycling route.

关节镜反向悬吊固定治疗前交叉韧带及膝前外侧结构损伤

目的探讨关节镜下反向悬吊固定法治疗膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)及前外侧结构(ALS)损伤的临床疗效,为术式改进提供依据。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月中山市中医院收治的膝关节ACL并ALS损伤的患者,关节镜下屈膝位经前内外入路建立胫骨及股骨隧道方式进行ACL单束解剖重建+反向悬吊固定法重建ALS。术前、术后12月、术后18月对患者膝关节功能及旋转稳定性进行疗效评价。使用重复测量方差分析或多样本秩和检验进行统计。结果共纳入50例患者,共随访(26±4)个月,术后无神经血管损伤、移植物重建失败等严重并发症。所有患者前抽屉试验、拉赫曼试验均为阴性;运动时膝关节稳定性/急转身转向功能(KSS/CPA)评级为A/A级37例、A/B级8例、B/A级5例;Lysholm评分为由术前的55(35,61)分提高到术后18月92(91,94)分,国际膝关节文献编制委员会膝关节评估表(IKDC)评分由术前的55(34,63)提高到术后18月的92(91,93)分,多样本秩和检验结果提示患者Lysholm评分、IKDC评分术后均优于术前(Lysholm评分:Z=95.747;IKDC评分:Z=95.358;均为P<0.001),而术后12个月及18个月评分差异均无统计学意义(Lysholm评分:Z=1.485,校正P=0.472;IKDC评分:Z=1.414,校正P=0.412)。术后随访18月显示5例出现Ⅰ度松弛(10%)。结论非共用隧道反向悬吊固定法治疗膝关节前交叉韧带及前外侧结构损伤,更有利于膝关节前向及旋转稳定功能恢复,具有操作简便、植入物张力可单独调节、安全有效等优势。

The Features and Regulation of Co-transcriptional Splicing in Arabidopsis

Precursor mRNA(pre-mRNA)splicing is essential for gene expression in most eukaryotic organisms.Previous studies from mammals,Drosophila,and yeast show that the majority of splicing events occurs co-transcriptionally.In plants,however,the features of co-transcriptional splicing(CTS)and its regulation still remain largely unknown.Here,we used chromatin-bound RNA sequencing to study CTS in Arabidopsis thaliana.We found that CTS is widespread in Arabidopsis seedlings,with a large proportion of alternative splicing events determined co-transcriptionally.CTS efficiency correlated with gene expression level,the chromatin landscape and,most surprisingly,the number of introns and exons of individual genes,but is independent of gene length.In combination with enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis,we further showed that the hnRNP-like proteins RZ-1B and RZ-1C promote efficient CTS globally through direct binding,frequently to exonic sequences.Notably,this general effect of RZ-1B/1C on splicing promotion is mainly observed at the chromatin level,not at the mRNA level.RZ-1C promotes CTS of multiple-exon genes in association with its binding to regions both proximal and distal to the regulated introns.We propose that RZ-1C promotes efficient CTS of genes with multiple exons through cooperative interactions with many exons,introns,and splicing factors.Our work thus reveals important features of CTS in plants and provides methodologies for the investigation of CTS and RNA-binding proteins in plants.

An ultralight,flexible,and biocompatible all-fiber motion sensor for artificial intelligence wearable electronics

New-generation human body motion sensors for wearable electronics and intelligent medicine are required to comply with stringent requirements in terms of ultralight weight,flexibility,stability,biocompatibility,and extreme precision.However,conventional sensors are hard to fulfill all these criteria due to their rigid structure,high-density sensing materials used as the constituents,as well as hermetical and compact assembly strategy.Here,we report an ultralight sensing material based on radial anisotropic porous silver fiber(RAPSF),which has been manufactured by phase separation and temperature-controlled grain growth strategy on a modified blow-spinning system.The resistance of RAPSF could be dynamically adjusted depending on the deflected shape.Furthermore,an all-fiber motion sensor(AFMS)with an ultra-low density of 68.70 mg cm^(−3) and an overall weigh of 7.95 mg was fabricated via layer-by-layer assembly.The sensor exhibited outstanding flexibility,breathability,biocompatibility,and remarkable body motion recognition ability.Moreover,the AFMS was shown to have great potential as an artificial intelligence throat sensor for throat state identification at the accuracy above 85%,allowing one to spot the early onset of the viral throat illness.

Riddle of the Sphinx:facts and evidence regarding the link between mental stress and tumor occurrence and development

To the Editor:The answer to the"Riddle of Sphinx"is"human",whose image is both negative and positive.It is often used as a metaphor for complex,mysterious,and incomprehensible problems.With the deterioration of modern living environment and the aggravation of stress,the incidence of the tumor is on the rise.Excessive or prolonged stress can lead to acute or chronic organ dysfunction and metabolic disorders.