基于LabVIEW面向对象技术的某型电路板测试系统

本文介绍了基于LabVIEW面向对象技术的某型电路板检测系统,通过面向对象程序设计方法(Graphical Object-Oriented Programming),将现有代码分解为一个个离散的模块,充分利用面向对象设计与开发的优点与好处,最终实现电路板检测任务。

Targeting ferroptosis suppresses osteocyte glucolipotoxicity and alleviates diabetic osteoporosis

Diabetic osteoporosis(DOP) is the leading complication continuously threatening the bone health of patients with diabetes. A key pathogenic factor in DOP is loss of osteocyte viability. However, the mechanism of osteocyte death remains unclear. Here, we identified ferroptosis, which is iron-dependent programmed cell death, as a critical mechanism of osteocyte death in murine models of DOP. The diabetic microenvironment significantly enhanced osteocyte ferroptosis in vitro, as shown by the substantial lipid peroxidation, iron overload, and aberrant activation of the ferroptosis pathway. RNA sequencing showed that heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) expression was notably upregulated in ferroptotic osteocytes. Further findings revealed that HO-1 was essential for osteocyte ferroptosis in DOP and that its promoter activity was controlled by the interaction between the upstream NRF2 and c-JUN transcription factors. Targeting ferroptosis or HO-1 efficiently rescued osteocyte death in DOP by disrupting the vicious cycle between lipid peroxidation and HO-1 activation, eventually ameliorating trabecular deterioration. Our study provides insight into DOP pathogenesis, and our results provide a mechanism-based strategy for clinical DOP treatment.

Cytocompatibility with osteogenic cells and enhanced in vivo anti-infection potential of quaternized chitosan-loaded titania nanotubes

Infection is one of the major causes of failure of orthopedic implants. Our previous study demonstrated that nanotube modification of the implant surface, together with nanotubes loaded with quaternized chitosan （hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC）, could effectively inhibit bacterial adherence and biofilm formation in vitro. Therefore, the aim of this study was to further investigate the in vitro cytocompatibility with osteogenic cells and the in vivo anti-infection activity of titanium implants with HACC-loaded nanotubes （NT-H）. The titanium implant （Ti）, nanotubes without polymer loading （NT）, and nanotubes loaded with chitosan （NT-C） were fabricated and served as controls. Firstly, we evaluated the cytocompatibility of these specimens with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. The observation of cell attachment, proliferation, spreading, and viability in vitro showed that NT-H has improved osteogenic activity compared with Ti and NT-C. A prophylaxis rat model with implantation in the femoral medullary cavity and inoculation with methiciUin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was established and evaluated by radiographical, microbiological, and histopathological assessments. Our in vivo study demonstrated that NT-H coatings exhibited significant anti-infection capability compared with the Ti and NT-C groups. In conclusion, HACC-loaded nanotubes fabricated on a titanium substrate show good compatibility with osteogenic cells and enhanced anti-infection ability in vivo, providing a good foundation for clinical application to combat orthopedic implant-associated infections.

Inheritance Analysis of Bolting Associated Traits Using Mixed Major Gene Plus Polygene Model in Brassica rapa

[ Objective ] This study aimed to analyze the inheritance of bolting associated traits in Brassica rapa, which will provide useful information in a breeding program for late-bolting or bolting-resistant cultivars of Chinese cabbage. [ Method] Three phenotypic measurements, bolting index, flowering time, days to 5 cm elongated stalk, respectively were used for inheritance analysis of six generations, P, （bolting resistant inbreed line ）, P2 （vernalization independent type） and their filial generations F1 , B1, B2 and F2, using the mixed major-gene plus polygene inheritance model. [ Result] The two traits, bolting index and days to 5 cm elongated stalk, both were controlled by two major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effects （ B-1 model） in hybrid. The flowering time was controlled by one major gene with addltive-dominant effects plus additive-dominant-epistatic effects （D model）. The heritability of the major genes in B1, B2 and F2 were 96.22%, 93.33%, 93.55% for bolting index, 70.68%, 70.68%, 70.64% for flowering time, 79.44%, 79.55%, 79.38% for days to 5-cm elongated stalk, respectively, but no polygene heritability was detected in BI, B2 and F2 generation. It indicated that the bolting trait in Brassica rapa was controlled by one or tow major genes. [ Conclusion] This implied that in the genetic improvement for bolting resistant trait major gene was a main factor. It is fit for early selection and environment factor should be mentioned.

《航空军械装置》课程动态试题数据库的建设及研究

考试改革是教学改革的重要内容。任职教育院校课程考核内容要紧跟部队训练作战任务、武器装备的发展变化,为适应部队人才建设需要,为此在考核环节建立动态试题数据库,以充分发挥课程考核质量监督把关、信息反馈的作用,从而促进学员综合素质的提高。

代谢酶在癌症发展中的非代谢功能

代谢是一种基本的生物学过程,由代谢酶催化的一系列反应组成。最新研究发现,在许多重要的细胞活动中,癌细胞的异常信号可以诱导代谢酶的非代谢功能,包括代谢酶介导的蛋白质翻译后修饰,例如磷酸化、乙酰化和琥珀酰化。目前研究最多的是代谢酶使蛋白质磷酸化,而不是将其作为代谢底物。一些代谢酶改变了亚细胞定位,使其代谢产物直接参与非代谢活动。本综述着重介绍了几种引起癌症发展的代谢酶的非代谢功能,加深了我们对这些代谢酶的理解,并评估了靶向这些酶的非代谢功能的治疗方法在癌症治疗中的潜在价值。

Helium-hydrogen synergistic effects on swelling in in-situ multiple-ion beams irradiated steels

The development of reliable fusion energy is one of the most important challenges in this century.The accelerated degradation of structural materials in fusion reactors caused by neutron irradiation would cause severe problems.Due to the lack of suitable fusion neutron testing facilities,we have to rely on ion irradiation experiments to test candidate materials in fusion reactors.Moreover,fusion neutron irradiation effects are accompanied by the simultaneous transmutation production of helium and hydrogen.One important method to study the He-H synergistic effects in materials is multiple simultaneous ion beams(MSIB)irradiation that has been studied for decades.To date,there is no convincing conclusion on these He-H synergistic effects among these experiments.Recently,a multiple ion beam in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analysis facility was developed in Xiamen University(XIAMEN facility),which is the first triple beam system and the only in-running in-situ irradiation facility with TEM in China.In this work,we conducted the first high-temperature triple simultaneous ion beams irradiation experiment with TEM observation using the XIAMEN facility.The responses to in-situ triple-ion beams irradiation in austenitic steel 304L SS and ferritic/martensitic steel CLF-1 were studied and compared with the results in dual-and single-ion beam(s)irradiated steels.Synergistic effects were observed in MSIB irradiated steels.Helium was found to be critical for cavity formation,while hydrogen has strong synergistic effect on increasing swelling.

Conversion between Vickers hardness and nanohardness by correcting projected area with sink-in and pile-up effects

The Vickers hardness test has been widely used for neutron-irradiated materials and nanoindentation for ion-irradiated materials.Comparing the Vickers hardness and nanohardness of the same materials quantitatively and establishing a correlation between them is meaningful.In this study,five representative materials—pure titanium(Ti),nickel(Ni),tungsten(W),304 coarse-grained stainless steel(CG-SS)and 304 nanocrystalline austenitic stainless steel(NG-SS)—are investigated for comparison.The results show that the relationship between Vickers hardness and nanohardness does not conform to a mathematical geometric relationship because of sink-in and pile-up effects confirmed by finite element analysis(FEA)and the results of optical microscopy.Finally,one new method was developed by excluding the effects of sink-in and pile-up in materials.With this improved correction in the projected area of the Vickers hardness and nanohardness,the two kinds of hardness become identical.

QTL Mapping of Vernalization Requirement in Brassica rapa

An F2 population, derived from a cross between the vernalization independent genotype ＇ RcBr＇ and the vernalization dependent genotype＇08A061 ＇ , was developed to eonstruet a linkage map with 165 SSR and InDel markers. QTL analysis was performed by two phenotypie evaluation （ days to 5 em elongate stalk and flowering time） based on the difference in F2：3 families under vernalization and no vernalization. The results showed that the vernalization requirement was reeessive in Brassica rapa. Seven QTLs that controlled vernalization requirement were detected on A02 and A06 linkage groups, which explained phenotypic variation ranging from 0.08% to 22.52%. Two QTLs （ VR-DE01, VR-b391 ） were detected on the top of A02, which explained 22.52% and 14. 54% of the phenotypic variation, respectively, and closely linked with BrFLC2 gene. Two QTLs （VR-DE03, VR-DE04） were deteeted on A06 with 13.30% and 13.64% of phenotypie variation. These detected QTLs will provide useful information on understanding the genetic basis between vernalization requirement and bolting, and that will be useful for marker-assisted selection （MAS） in a breeding program for bolting resistant eultivars.

A review of road safety evaluation methods based on driving behavior

Road traffic safety should be evaluated throughout the entire life-cycle of road design,operation,maintenance,and expansion construction.However,traditional methods for evaluating road traffic safety based on traffic accidents and conflict technology are limited by their inability to account for the complex environmental factors involved.To address this issue,a new road safety evaluation method has emerged that is based on driving behavior.Because drivers’behaviors may vary depending on the driving environment and their personal characteristics,evaluating road safety from the perspective of driver behavior has become a popular research topic.This paper analyzes current research trends and mainstream journals in the field of road safety evaluation of driving behavior.Additionally,it reviews the three most commonly used driving behavior data collection methods,and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each.The paper proposes the main application scenarios of road safety evaluation methods based on driving behavior,such as road design,evaluation of the effects of road appurtenances,and intelligent highways.Furthermore,the paper summarizes a driving behavior index system based on vehicle data,driver’s physiological and psychological data,and driver’s subjective questionnaire data.A comprehensive evaluation method based on the fusion of each index system is presented in detail.Finally,the paper points out current research problems and the future development direction of the road safety evaluation method based on driving behavior.

Soil salinization increases the stability of fungal not bacterial communities in the Taklamakan desert

●Bacterial richness declined but fungal richness increased under salinization.●Bacteria did not become interactively compact or facilitative under salinization.●Fungi exhibited more compartmentalized and competitive patterns under salinization.●Fungal stability showed steeper increases under salinization than bacterial stability.Soil salinization is a typical environmental challenge in arid regions worldwide.Salinity stress increases plant convergent adaptations and facilitative interactions and thus destabilizes communities.Soil bacteria and fungi have smaller body mass than plants and are often efficient against soil salinization,but how the stability of bacterial and fungal communities change with a wide range of soil salinity gradient remains unclear.Here,we assessed the interactions within both bacterial and fungal communities along a soil salinity gradient in the Taklamakan desert to examine(i)whether the stability of bacterial and fungal communities decreased with soil salinity,and(ii)the stability of which community decreased more with soil salinity,bacteria or fungi.Our results showed that the species richness of soil fungi increased but that of soil bacteria decreased with increasing salinity in topsoils.Fungal communities became more stable under soil salinization,with increasing compartmentalization(i.e.,modularity)and proportion of competitions(i.e.,negative:positive cohesion)as salinity increased.Bacterial communities exhibited no changes in modularity with increasing salinity and smaller increases in negative:positive cohesion under soil salinization compared to fungal communities.Our results suggest that,by altering interspecific interactions,soil salinization increases the stability of fungal not bacterial communities in extreme environments.

Molecular Basis of KAT2A Selecting Acyl-CoA Cofactors for Histone Modifications

Emerging discoveries about undocumented acyltransferase activities of known histone acetyltransferases(HATs)advance our understandings in the regulation of histone modifications.However,the molecular basis of HATs selecting acyl coenzyme A(acyl-CoA)substrates for histone modification is less known.We here report that lysine acetyltransferase 2A(KAT2A)as an illustrative instance of HATs can selectively utilize acetyl-CoA,propionyl-CoA,butyryl-CoA,and succinyl-CoA to directly deposit 18 histone acylation hallmarks in nucleosome.By analyzing the co-crystal structures of the catalytic domain of KAT2A in complex with acetyl-CoA,propionyl-CoA,butyryl-CoA,malonyl-CoA,succinyl-CoA,and glutaryl-CoA,we conclude that the alternative substrate-binding pocket of KAT2A and the length and electrostatic features of the acyl chain cooperatively determine the selection of the acyl-CoA substrates by KAT2A.This study reveals the molecular basis underlying the pluripotency of HATs that selectively install acylation hallmarks in nucleosomes,which might serve as instrumental mechanism to precisely regulate histone acylation profiles in cells.

Event-triggered adaptive finite time trajectory tracking control for an under actuated vessel considering unknown time-varying disturbances

This paper aims to solve the finite-time trajectory tracking problem of underactuated surface ships under the influence of dynamic uncertainty,unknown external time-varying interference and limited communication resources.An event-triggered robust adaptive finite-time trajectory tracking control method for underactuated ships is designed by combining the existing trajectory tracking control methods and engineering needs in actual navigation.It can obviously improve the tracking accuracy of the ship,and complete the tracking task safely and efficiently.This scheme transforms the composite uncertain vector synthesized by uncertain parameters and external disturbances into a linear parameterized form.Next,considering the limitation of communication resources,a relative threshold event triggering mechanism is introduced to further extend the triggering time interval on the basis of the fixed threshold triggering scheme.Then,an event-triggered robust adaptive finite-time trajectory tracking control scheme is designed for underactuated ships,and a rigorous stability proof is provided through Lyapunov stability theory.Simulation experiment is carried out in MATLAB and the results show that the finite-time trajectory tracking control scheme proposed in this paper can effectively solve the problems of dynamic uncertainty.unknown time-varying external interference and limitation of communication resources.This paper can provide theoretical support for the autonomous navigation of intelligent ships.

太子参葛根淫羊藿复合物抗抑郁作用:与NRSF/NRSE-TPH2信号相关

抑郁症属于心理性疾病且无特效疗法。本文对由太子参多糖、葛根淫羊藿总黄酮组成的太子(TZ)胶囊的抗抑郁作用进行了实验研究。利用整体动物悬尾和强迫游泳方法观察TZ的抗抑郁药效,构建了五羟色胺羟化酶2(TPH2,tryptophan hydroxylase-2)质粒对TZ进行体外实验研究,利用qPCR和Westernblot方法检测mR NA和蛋白的表达。结果显示TZ对小鼠和大鼠模型均具有抗抑郁作用,能够升高脑内5-HT含量,并通过抑制NRSF(neuronrestrictivesilencerfactor)表达,升高TPH2的mR NA和蛋白表达。而NRSF可以结合于TPH2基因转录启动区的NRS响应元件(NRSE,neuronrestrictivesilencer element)进而抑制抑郁症时TPH2基因转录。淫羊藿苷可以直接作用于NRSE阻断NRSF的结合,从而解除NRSF对TPH2基因转录的抑制。因此,TZ具有潜在的抗抑郁作用,能够改善实验动物的抑郁行为,其相关机制与NRSF/NRSE-TPH2信号通路相关。淫羊藿苷是TZ抗抑郁作用的主要活性成分。本研究为中药抗抑郁作用提供了基于NRSF/NRSE-TPH2信号的新的机制。

小檗碱通过调节PPARγ启动子甲基化对缺血再灌注脑损伤的作用（英文）

脑缺血为高发的脑血管疾病,且常给病人带来不可逆性伤害。作为传统的抗炎药物,小檗碱(BBR)近年来显示出对脑缺血的防治作用,但是其作用机制尚未完全清楚。为此,我们从体内体外对其作用机制进行了研究。我们发现PPARγ是小檗碱的作用靶点之一:小檗碱在缺血再灌损伤中可以上调PPARγ表达。抑制PPARγ可以减弱小檗碱对缺血再灌损伤神经细胞的保护作用。此外,我们还发现脑缺血损伤过程中BBR可以降低DAN甲基化,下调甲基化转移酶DNMT1和DNMT3a的表达。同时可以降低PPARγ启动区甲基化水平。上述结果提示,PPARγ是BBR的主要作用靶点之一。在脑缺血再灌注损伤中,BBR促进PPARγ表达的作用机制与其抑制启动子区的甲基化水平有关。

Binding Activity Difference of Anti-CD20 scFv-Fc Fusion Protein Derived from Variable Domain Exchange

Two novel engineered antibody fragments binding to antigen CD20 were generated by fusing a murine IgM-type anti-CD20 singie-chain Fv fragment （scFv） to the human IgG1 CH2 （i.e., Cγ2） and CH3 （i.e., Cγ3） domains with the human IgG1 hinge （i.e. Hγ）. Given the relationship between structure and function of protein, the 3-D structures of the two engineered antibody fragments were modeled using computer-aided homology modeling method. Furthermore, the relationship between 3-D conformation and their binding activity was evaluated theoretically. Due to the change of active pocket formed by CDRs, the HL23 （VH-Linker-VL-Hγ-Cγ2-Cγ3） remained its activity because of its preserved conformation, while the binding activity of the LH23 （VL-Linker-VH-Hγ-Cγ2-Cγ3） was impaired severely. Experimental studies by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy showed that HL23 possessed significantly superior binding activity to CD20-expressing target cells than LH23. That is to say, the order of variable regions could influence the binding activity of the fusion protein to CD20^＋ cell lines, which was in accordance with the theoretical results. The study highlights the potential relationship between the antibody binding activity and their 3-D conformation, which appears to be worthwhile in providing direction for future antibody design of recombinant antibody.

Metabolic features of cancer cells

Cancer cells uniquely reprogram their cellular activities to support their rapid proliferation and migration and to coun-teract metabolic and genotoxic stress during cancer progression.In this reprograming,cancer cells’metabolism and other cellular activities are integrated and mutually regulated,and cancer cells modulate metabolic enzymes spatially and temporally so that these enzymes not only have altered metabolic activities but also have modulated subcellular localization and gain non-canonical functions.This review and several others in this issue of Cancer Communications discuss these enzymes’newly acquired functions and the non-canonical functions of some metabolites as features of cancer cell metabolism,which play critical roles in various cellular activities,including gene expression,anabolism,catabolism,redox homeostasis,and DNA repair.

Nonmetabolic functions of metabolic enzymes in cancer development

Metabolism is a fundamental biological process composed of a series of reactions catalyzed by metabolic enzymes.Emerging evidence demonstrates that the aberrant signaling in cancer cells induces nonmetabolic functions of meta-bolic enzymes in many instrumental cellular activities,which involve metabolic enzyme-mediated protein post-trans-lational modifications,such as phosphorylation,acetylation,and succinylation.In the most well-researched literatures,metabolic enzymes phosphorylate proteins rather than their metabolites as substrates.Some metabolic enzymes have altered subcellular localization,which allows their metabolic products to directly participate in nonmetabolic activities.This review discusses how these findings have deepened our understanding on enzymes originally classi-fied as metabolic enzymes,by highlighting the nonmetabolic functions of several metabolic enzymes responsible for the development of cancer,and evaluates the potential for targeting these functions in cancer treatment.

The Characteristic of an Anti-Human DR5 Antibody A6

The efficacy of many cancer treatments is due to their ability to induce apoptosis. DR5 can activate apoptosis pathway after binding with its natural ligand, tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand （TRAIL/ Apo2L）. Both TRAIL and agonistic anti-DR5 monoclonal antibody are currently being explored for cancer therapy. The mechanisms of cytotoxicity of our previously prepared monoclonal antibody A6 against DR5 were investigated here. A6 could cause viability loss of Jurkat cells in both time- and dose-dependent manner which could be attributed to the activation of apoptosis pathway. Caspases 3, 8 and 9 were activated in Jurkat cells and the caspase specific inhibitors, such as broad caspases inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, caspase 8 specific inhibitor Z-IETDFMK and caspase 9 specific inhibitor Z-LEHD-FMK could recover the viability loss caused by A6. The function and molecular mechanism of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis were also investigated and compared with those of A6. Although A6 and TRAIL recognize a different epitope, they could induce a similar reaction in Jurkat cells.

Using naturalistic driving data to identify driving style based on longitudinal driving operation conditions

Purpose–An individual’s driving style significantly affects overall traffic safety.However,driving style is difficult to identify due to temporal and spatial differences and scene heterogeneity of driving behavior data.As such,the study of real-time driving-style identification methods is of great significance for formulating personalized driving strategies,improving traffic safety and reducing fuel consumption.This study aims to establish a driving style recognition framework based on longitudinal driving operation conditions(DOCs)using a machine learning model and natural driving data collected by a vehicle equipped with an advanced driving assistance system(ADAS).Design/methodology/approach–Specifically,a driving style recognition framework based on longitudinal DOCs was established.To train the model,a real-world driving experiment was conducted.First,the driving styles of 44 drivers were preliminarily identified through natural driving data and video data;drivers were categorized through a subjective evaluation as conservative,moderate or aggressive.Then,based on the ADAS driving data,a criterion for extracting longitudinal DOCs was developed.Third,taking the ADAS data from 47 Kms of the two test expressways as the research object,six DOCs were calibrated and the characteristic data sets of the different DOCs were extracted and constructed.Finally,four machine learning classification(MLC)models were used to classify and predict driving style based on the natural driving data.Findings–The results showed that six longitudinal DOCs were calibrated according to the proposed calibration criterion.Cautious drivers undertook the largest proportion of the free cruise condition(FCC),while aggressive drivers primarily undertook the FCC,following steady condition and relative approximation condition.Compared with cautious and moderate drivers,aggressive drivers adopted a smaller time headway(THW)and distance headway(DHW).THW,time-to-collision(TTC)and DHW showed highly significant differences in driving style identification,while longitudinal acceleration(LA)showed no significant difference in driving style identification.Speed and TTC showed no significant difference between moderate and aggressive drivers.In consideration of the cross-validation results and model prediction results,the overall hierarchical prediction performance ranking of the four studied machine learning models under the current sample data set was extreme gradient boosting>multi-layer perceptron>logistic regression>support vector machine.Originality/value–The contribution of this research is to propose a criterion and solution for using longitudinal driving behavior data to label longitudinal DOCs and rapidly identify driving styles based on those DOCs and MLC models.This study provides a reference for real-time online driving style identification in vehicles equipped with onboard data acquisition equipment,such as ADAS.