Cranial irradiation impairs intrinsic excitability and synaptic plasticity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with implications for cognitive function

Radiation therapy is a standard treatment for head and neck tumors.However,patients often exhibit cognitive impairments following radiation therapy.Previous studies have revealed that hippocampal dysfunction,specifically abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis or neuroinflammation,plays a key role in radiation-induced cognitive impairment.However,the long-term effects of radiation with respect to the electrophysiological adaptation of hippocampal neurons remain poorly characterized.We found that mice exhibited cognitive impairment 3 months after undergoing 10 minutes of cranial irradiation at a dose rate of 3 Gy/min.Furthermore,we observed a remarkable reduction in spike firing and excitatory synaptic input,as well as greatly enhanced inhibitory inputs,in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.Corresponding to the electrophysiological adaptation,we found reduced expression of synaptic plasticity marker VGLUT1 and increased expression of VGAT.Furthermore,in irradiated mice,long-term potentiation in the hippocampus was weakened and GluR1 expression was inhibited.These findings suggest that radiation can impair intrinsic excitability and synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.

Macadam’s theory in RGB laser display

We have developed Macadam’s theory to deal with RGB laser display, which can well describe the color gamut display system varying with the laser bandwidth. By calculating the volume of R¨osch–Macadam color solid of laser display system under the Rec.2020 standard, we can obtain that the volume of chromatic stereoscopic at 30-nm laser spectral linewidth is about 90% of that at 1 nm laser spectral linewidth, which is important in laser display system to trade off the color gamut and the suppression of laser speckles. Moreover, we can also calculate the color gamut volume with different primary numbers and different primary wavelengths.

The Bacteria Absorption-based Yolk-Shell Ni3P-Carbon @ Reduced Graphene Oxides for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Traditional carbon layer enwrapping active materials cannot easily realize perfect cladding.Therefore,it still cannot prevent the pulverization of active materials during the course of charging/discharging.In this paper,we utilize natural bacteria to absorb nickel acetate,the active materials Ni3P nanoparticles are well enwrapped,as a natural organisms surviving for billions of years,their cell walls have a perfect carbon structure,and the cell walls become carbon layer through high annealing temperature.Based on this,the yolk-shell Ni3P–carbon@reduced graphene oxides paper is prepared,through a proper annealing temperature,the Ni3P particles disperse in the inner surface or both ends,so the active materials were prevented from dissolving into the electrolyte,so it may keep from invalidity during charging/discharging.The electrochemical performances display that it has stable and high capacities as Li-ion batteries(LIBs)anode.Its capacity can keep 200 cycles without any decrease,and especially its rate performance exhibits an excellent peculiarity,with the current density increasing from 400 to 1000 mA g^(−1) every 200 mA g^(−1),its capacities decrease only 9.8%,2.9%and 6.4%,and its can recover the same capacity when the current density comes back to 200 mA g^(−1).It may be a fine choice for LIBs.

“剑南烧春”的前世今生

巴蜀酒文化源远流长,其中《唐国史补》所载“剑南之烧春”尤引人注目。所谓“烧”,或指蜀酒的一种酿制方法,即蒸馏法,而“烧春”其法大致起于卓文君。以“春”称酒,则可上溯到诗经时代,至唐代则成惯例。当代的“剑南春”乃是巴蜀文化、天府文化千年传承、创新变化的一个例子。

Elephantiasic Pretibial Myxoedema in a Patient with Graves’ Disease

Pretibial myxoedema (PM) is a late and rare manifestation of autoimmune thyroiditis, particularly in patients with Graves’ disease. It occurs in 0.5% to 4.3% of patients [1], and is usually associated with high levels of thyroid hormones. The classification of PM includes four forms: non-pitting edema;plaque;nodular;or elephantiasis [1]. Mild PM often regresses spontaneously, but the severe, elephantiasic variant is typically progressive and refractory to treatment. Elephantiasic pretibial myxoedema (EPM) is characterized by massive edema, skin fibrosis and verrucous nodule formation, and it clinically resembles lymphedema. Herein, we describe a man with Graves’ disease presenting with EPM for nearly 2 years. Although advanced cases have been described in the literature, to our knowledge, none have reached this level of severity.

Dt1 inhibits SWEET-mediated sucrose transport to regulate photoperiod-dependent seed weight in soybean

Soybean is a photoperiod-sensitive short-day crop whose reproductive period and yield are markedly affected by day-length changes.Seed weight is one of the key traits determining the soybean yield;how-ever,the prominent genes that control the final seed weight of soybean and the mechanisms underlying the photoperiod's effect on this trait remain poorly understood.In this study,we identify SwW19 as a major locus controlling soybean seed weight by QTL mapping and determine Dt1,an orthologous gene of Arabidopsis TFL1 that is known to govern the soybean growth habit,as the causal gene of the SW19 locus.We showed that Dt1 is highly expressed in developing seeds and regulates photoperiod-dependent seed weight in soybean.Further analyses revealed that the Dt1 protein physically interacts with the sucrose transporter GmSWEET10a to negatively regulate the import of sucrose from seed coat to the embryo,thus modulating seed weight under long days.However,Dt1 does not function in seed development under short days due to its very low expression.Importantly,we discovered a novel natural allelic variant of Dt1(H4 haplotype)that decouples its pleiotropic effects on seed size and growth habit;i.e.,this variant remains functional in seed development but fails to regulate the stem growth habit of soybean.Collectively,our findings provide new insights into how soybean seed development responds to photoperiod at different latitudes,offering an ideal genetic component for improving soybean's yield by manipulating its seed weightandgrowth habit.

An intravascular needle coated by ZnO nanoflowers for in vivo elimination of circulating tumor cells

Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are recognized as the main source of tumor recurrence and metastasis.Eliminating the CTCs in peripheral blood provides a new strategy to reduce the probability of recurrence or metastasis.Here,we proposed a concept to eliminate CTCs by inserting a needle in the superficial blood vessel.Using the property of ZnO and the structure of nanoflowers,we designed a medical needle coated with ZnO nanoflowers(ZNFs),which killed about 90%of captured CTCs in vitro and prevented the injecting CTCs from spreading to lung tissue in BABL/c mouse model.Results in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that the CTCs not only were captured and killed,but also detached from the needle surface after dead,enabling the ZNFs needle continually eliminate CTCs.Furthermore,a theoretical model was presented to explain the penetration mechanism of cells by nanostructures,which indicated that nanoflowers structure can puncture CTCs more easily than vertical nanowire structure.The concept of inserting an intravascular needle provides a potential strategy to lower the concentration of CTCs in blood and reduce the probability of tumor recurrence or metastasis.

A New Method for Converting T_(2) Spectrum into Pore Radius

In this paper,a new method for converting the T_(2)(relaxation time) of NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance) into the pore radius is proposed.Combined with NMR and centrifugation experiments,the relationship between pore radius and T_(2) of the sample was established.The results show that the new method is more reasonable than the traditional method.When the sample was denser and the mercury saturation was lower,the pore distribution curve was obtained by traditional method had a worse agreement with mercury injection experiment,while pore distribution curve of the new method had a better agreement with the mercury injection curve,which reflected the greater advantage of the new method as the reservoir becomes denser.The new method can obtain all the pore information in the sample.The results show that the pores in tight sandstone are mainly consisted with mesopore and macropore,and the connectivity of macropore is better than that of mesopore.The new method can effectively characterize the full pore distribution and the seepage characteristics in different pores interval of tight reservoirs,which had a great significance to evaluate the recoverable resources of tight reservoir.

DELLA and EDS1 Form a Feedback Regulatory Module to Fine-Tune Plant Growth-Defense Tradeoff in Arabidopsis

Plants maintain a dynamic balance between growth and defense,and optimize allocation of resources for survival under constant pathogen infections.However,the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms,especially in response to biotrophic bacterial infection,remain elusive.Here,we demonstrate that DELLA proteins and EDS1,an essential resistance regulator,form a central module modulating plant growth-defense tradeoffs via direct interaction.When infected by Pst DC3000,EDS1 rapidly promotes salicylic acid(SA)biosynthesis and resistance-related gene expression to prime defense response,while pathogen infection stabilizes DELLA proteins RGA and RGL3 to restrict growth in a partially EDS1-dependent manner,which facilitates plants to develop resistance to pathogens.However,the increasingly accumulated DELLAs interact with EDS1 to suppress SA overproduction and excessive resistance response.Taken together,our findings reveal a DELLA-EDS1-mediated feedback regulatory loop by which plants maintain the subtle balance between growth and defense to avoid excessive growth or defense in response to constant biotrophic pathogen attack.