From Trends to Drivers:Key Factors Propelling Electric Vehicle Sales

With the rapid advancement of human economic levels and modern civilization,the automobile manufacturing industry is increasingly confronted with challenges related to energy scarcity and environmental pollution.Low carbon emissions and energy savings have become the main focus of automotive development.Under the influence of government incentives,the sales of household electric vehicles(EVs)have increased significantly,although they still represent a small share of the overall car market.To examine the factors influencing consumer purchases of household EVs,this report integrates both qualitative and quantitative analyses,controlling for single variables.Using linear regression,an empirical analysis was conducted on 18 BYD models with varying ranges and prices.The results indicate a strong positive correlation between driving range,selling price,and EV sales.Looking ahead,the development of new energy vehicles should prioritize longer ranges,high-quality features,and cost-effective performance.

Late Jurassic adakitic ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry intrusions in the Xiaokele porphyry Cu(–Mo)deposit,Northeast China:implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting

The Xiaokele Cu(–Mo)deposit is a recently discovered porphyry deposit in the northern Great Xing’an Range(GXR)of northeast China.The ore bodies in this deposit are mainly hosted within granodiorite porphyry intrusions.Potassic,phyllic,and propylitic alteration zones develop from center to edge.In this paper,we present zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb ages,zircon Hf isotopic compositions,and whole-rock geochemistry of the ore-bearing granodiorite porphyries from the Xiaokele Cu(–Mo)deposit.Zircon U–Pb dating suggests that the Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries were emplaced at 148.8±1.1 Ma(weighted-mean age;n=14).The Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries display high SiO2,Al2O3,Sr,and Sr/Y,low K2O/Na2O,MgO,Yb,and Y,belonging to high-SiO2 adakites produced by partial melting of the subducted oceanic slab.Marine sediments were involved in the magma source of the Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries,as indicated by enriched Sr–Nd isotopic compositions(eNd(-t)=-1.17–-0.27),low positive zircon eHf(t)values(0.4–2.2),and high Th contents(4.06–5.20).The adakitic magma subsequently interacted with the mantle peridotites during ascent through the mantle wedge.The Xiaokele granodiorite porphyries were derived from slab melting during the southward subduction of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean.

Purification and Identification of Antioxidant Peptides from the Scallop Skirts of Mimachlamys Nobilis

The processes of scallop meats can produce a large amount of by-products like scallop skirts,which are rich in nutrients. This work aimed to obtain the information about antioxidant peptides derived from scallop skirts of Mimachlamys nobilis. The hydro-lysates obtained by trypsin exhibited the highest antioxidant activity( 75.6%,79.5% and 76.7% using DPPH,hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity assays,respectively). The antioxidant peptides( MNAP) were separated and purified using UF membranes,GFC processes and RP-HPLC,and the antioxidant activity of MNAP was identified to be 85.7% using DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. The peptides( MNAP) were composed of two peptides with their molecular weights2 855.6 Da and 3 007.2 Da using MALDI-TOF-MS,respectively. The results suggested that the scallop skirts of Mimachlamys nobilis could be explored as a source of antioxidant peptides.

The ubiquity and coexistence of two FBPases in chloroplasts of photosynthetic eukaryotes and its evolutionary and functional implications

In photosynthetic eukaryotes,there are two well-characterized fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases(FBPases):the redox-insensitive cytosolic FBPase(cyFBPase),which participates in gluconeogenesis,and the redoxsensitive chloroplastic FBPase(cpFBPasel),which is a critical enzyme in the Calvin cycle.Recent studies have identified a new chloroplastic FBPase,cpFBPase2;however,its phylogenetic distribution,evolutionary origin,and physiological function remain unclear.In this study,we identified and characterized these three FBPase isoforms in diverse,representative photosynthetic lineages and analyzed their phylogeny.In contrast to previous hypotheses,we found that cpFBPase2 is ubiquitous in photo synthetic eukaryotes.Additionally,all cpFBPase2 s from diverse lineages form a monophyly,suggesting cpFBPase2 is not a recently evolved enzyme restricted to land plants but rather evolved early in the evolution of photo synthetic organisms,and most likely,in the common ancestor of photosynthetic eukaryotes.cyFBPase was probably first duplicated to produce cpFBPase2,and then the latter duplicated to produce cpFBPase1.The ubiquitous coexistence of these two cpFBPases in chloroplasts is most likely the consequence of adaptation to different redox conditions of photosynthesis,especially those caused by recurrent changes in light conditions.

Late Cretaceous K-rich rhyolitic crystal tuffs from the Chuduoqu area in Eastern Qiangtang subterrane:evidence for crustal thickening of the central Tibetan Plateau prior to India–Asia collision

In order to constrain whether the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision contributed to an early crustal thickening of the central Tibetan Plateau prior to the India–Asia collision,we present zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb ages,wholerock geochemistry,and zircon Hf isotopic compositions of the newly discovered rhyolitic crystal tuffs from the Chuduoqu area in the eastern Qiangtang subterrane,central Tibet.Zircon U–Pb dating suggests that the Chuduoqu rhyolitic crystal tuffs were emplaced at ca.68 Ma.The Chuoduoqu rhyolitic crystal tuffs display high SiO_(2) and K2 O,and low MgO,Cr,and Ni.Combined with their zircon Hf isotopic data,we suggest that they were derived from partial melting of the juvenile lower crust,and the magma underwent fractional crystallization and limited upper continental crustal assimilation during its evolution prior to eruption.They should be formed in a post-collisional environment related to lithospheric mantle delamination.The Chuduoqu rhyolitic crystal tuffs could provide important constraints on the Late Cretaceous crustal thickening of the central Tibetan Plateau caused by the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision.

Zircon U–Pb age and geochemical constraints on the origin and tectonic implication of the Tuotuohe Cenozoic alkaline magmatism in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

A large number of Eocene-Oligocene alkaline/alkali-rich igneous rocks were developed in the Tuotuohe region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.In this study,we present zircon U-Pb ages,Hf isotope data,and major and trace element compositions of the Cenozoic alkaline rocks from the Tuotuohe region in order to constraint the petrogenesis and tectonic evolution history of Qiangtang Block.Zircon U-Pb ages were measured via LA-ICP-MS to be39.6,37.6 and 32.0 Ma.The 39.6 Ma trachyte was characterized by low SiO2 and high K2O and MgO contents.The 37.6 and 32.0 Ma orthophyres show enrichment in SiO2 and K2O,but deficient in MgO.All of the samples belong to the alkaline rocks.These rocks display enrichment in REE,LREE,and LILE,depletion in HFSE,and no obvious Eu anomalies.Geological and geochemical features suggest that there were two possible mechanisms for the origin of the alkaline rocks in the Tuotuohe region:(1)the removed mafic lower crust dropped into the asthenosphere,forming the mix magma(Nariniya trachyte);(2)the upwelling asthenosphere triggered the crustal melting(Nariniya and Zamaqu orthophyre).The Eocene-Oligocene alkaline rocks in the study and adjacent areas are likely to be the result of the same tectonic-magmatic event of deep lithospheric evolution that is the crustal material melting triggered by lithospheric delamination.This conclusion extends the influence scope of lithospheric delamination eastward to the Tuotuohe region(*92°E)from Banda Co(*82°E).

Effect of Tea Polyphenols on Lipid Oxidation of Nemipterus VirgatusSurimi Cake During Ice Storage

Surimi cake is a high value aquatic product. In this work, lipid oxidation and volatile compounds in Nemipterus virgatus surimi cake were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of tea polyphenols in preventing or reducing lipid oxidation. Surimi cake was prepared in the presence or absence of 0.2% tea polyphenols, and was stored at 4 ℃ for 16 days. It was found that the peroxide value(POV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) values of the experimental groups(with 0.2% tea polyphenols) were much lower than those of the untreated surimi cake(p<0.05). In total, 52 compounds were presented in the volatiles of the surimi cake, such as ethanol, hexanal,(E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 2,3-octanedione, 2-hydroxy-propanamide, and 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine. It indicated that tea polyphenols could reduce the amount of hexanal, ethanol, and(E,E)-2,4-decadienal, and delay the lipid oxidation of the surimi cake. Effects of lipid oxidation of the tea polyphenols on surimi cake were reduced during storage in ice.

Simultaneous Denitrification and Carbon Removal in Microbial Fuel Cells

In this article,microbial fuel cell( MFC) was used for simultaneous denitrification and carbon removal to ascertain their electricity generation performance. The results showed that strengthening domestication and enrichment of electrogenic bacteria had the best start-up effect. An increase in volumetric loading reduced the rate of pollutant removal but promoted the output voltage. The changes of working conditions such as influent concentration,sludge concentration and temperature had a great influence on the electricity generation performance of MFC,and their optimum values were 500 mg/L,2 000 mg/L and 35℃,respectively.

Preparation of porous α-Fe_2O_3-supported Pt and its sensing performance to volatile organic compounds

Porous α-Fe2O3 was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal treatment of FeC13 aqueous solution followed by a calcination process. In the synthesis of porous α-Fe2O3, no templates or pore-directing agents were used. The as-prepared porous α-Fe2O3 was further employed as a support for loading Pt nanoparticles. The gas sensing performance of the obtained porous α-Fe2O3-supported Pt to VOCs was investigated. The sensor presented a high response and fast response-recovery characteristic to several VOCs including acetone, ether, methanol, ethanol, butanol and hexanol. Meanwhile, it exhibited a much higher response than the pure α-Fe2O3 at the operating temperature of 260 ℃. The enhanced sensing properties may be related to the unique porous structure of the α-Fe2O3 support and the promoting effect of active Pt nanoparticles for the sensing reactions.

Effects of protein oxidation, cathepsins, and various freezing temperatures on the quality of superchilled sturgeon fillets

Many aquatic products have been stored using superchilling technology, but rarely used for the storage of sturgeon fillets. In this study, we investigated the effects of protein oxidation, cathepsin, and various freezing temperatures on the quality of superchilled sturgeon fillets. Sensory evaluation results showed that the sensory attributes of superchilled (−3 °C) sturgeon fillets were acceptable three times longer (18 days) than samples stored at refrigeration temperatures (4 °C). The sarcoplasmic protein, carbonyl, myofibrillar protein, total sulfhydryl content and the surface hydrophobicity were determined using fluorescence spectrophotometry and SDS-PAGE. Results showed that superchilling might protect myofibrillar proteins from oxidation compared to refrigeration temperatures. The activity of the three cathepsins (B, L, and H) in terms of myofibrillar, mitochondria, lysosomes, and sarcoplasm demonstrated that superchilling can inhibit cathepsins activity in sturgeon and protect its muscle structure. Microscopic observations showed that as the temperature decreased, the gap area of the muscle fibers decreased, and the deformation of cross-sectional slices was gradually reduced. In addition, the freezing rate of ice crystals produced during the freezing process influenced the muscle structure, texture, and sensory attributes. Superchilled sturgeon fillets showed good hardness, chewiness, and water retention. In conclusion, superchilling technology shows promise for its ability to extend the shelf life while maintaining the texture and sensory attributes of fresh sturgeon fillets.

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted freezing of Penaeus chinensis by response surface methodology

Objectives:Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted freezing of Penaeus chinensis by response surface methodology was studied in order to(1)obtain frozen Penaeus chinensis of high quality and(2)provide practical guidance for the application of ultrasonic-assisted freezing in Penaeus chinensis.Materials and Methods:Three independent and major variables were selected,including initial ultrasonic temperature(℃),ultrasonic power(W)and ultrasonic time(s on/2 s off).On the basis of one-factor experiments,17 groups of experiments were established by response surface methodology according to Box-Behnken design.Using multiple regression analysis the experimental data were fitted into a second-order polynomial equation,which was tested by proper statistical methods.Results:The optimal ultrasonic conditions were as follows:initial ultrasonic temperature 0℃,ultrasonic power 180 W,ultrasonic time 5 son/2 s off.Under the optimization conditions,the time of passing through maximum ice crystal generation zone was 105.500 s,which was very close to the predictive passage time of 101.541 s.Conclusions:Initial ultrasonic temperature,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power played an important role in the process of ultrasonic-assisted freezing of Penaeus chinensis.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the three factors in ultrasonic-assisted freezing,which could greatly shorten the time of passing through the maximum ice crystal generation zone and maintain the tissue structure of Penaeus chinensis well.

Late-stage diversification by rutheniumelectro-catalyzed C–H mono- and di-acyloxylation

A ruthenium-catalyzed electrochemical dehydrogenative C(sp^(2))H acyloxylation of aniline derivatives with carboxylic acids has been developed.Electric current is used to recycle the active ruthenium-based catalyst and promote H_(2) evolution.This method significantly expands the scope and enhances the selectivity of metal-electron catalyzed mono-and di-acyloxylations,which remain challenged.Our findings allowed mono-selectivity in broadly effective late-stage diversification of structurally complex drugs and natural product molecules,tolerating drugs,natural products and amino acids.The method and its underlying strategy are expected to have widespread uses in functional aniline synthesis and drug discovery process.